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Dec 22, 2021 7 tweets 2 min read Read on X
The Padartha dharma sangraha of Prashastapada is one of the most important works on Physics to emerge out of ancient Bharat. The text greatly deals with the nature of matter, recognising its atomic character & the role of atoms. Image
The concepts discussed in the text include those which came to be later classified as classical/newtonian mechanics. Prashastapada talks about concepts like Vega(momentum), Sanyoga vibhaga(displacement), Digvishista Karyarambhakatva (Vectors), Gamana(curvilinear motion)..
Bhramana(rotary motion), Spandana(vibratory motion) among many other concepts.

The concept of Vega(momentum) which forms the basis of Newton's 2nd law of motion (F=m.a) was explained by Prashastapada centuries before Newton was born. Image
The text talks in great detail about fluid mechanics. Concepts like Saandrataa(Viscosity), Abhisarpana(Capillary motion), fluid motion are explained in great detail here.

Among the different types of motion explained by Prashastapada. This was 1000 years before Galileo & Newton. Image
Prasastapada also explained to us the nature of sound & its mode of propagation. He says sound travels through the medium of air in the form of circular waves. Image
First of all, before commencing on his work, Prashastapada bows down to Ishwara & Rishi Kanada. Image
Prasastapada was aware of the nature of atoms & their perpetual state of motion which he classified into different types including rotatory, circular & simple harmonic motion. Image

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More from @_ugra_

Sep 19
History THREAD. When Tirupathi was invaded by the forces of turushka barbarian abdullah qutub shah around the year 1660, a brahmin poet documented the horrors committed by the invader in a series of 100 verses in Telugu. It was called "Sri Venkatachala Vihara Satakamu" (1)
Majority of the verses were a desperate plea to Venkateshwara

Verse 5:
When turks penetrated temples & broke idols into pieces & annoyed acharyas & licked the namams & pulled small tuft of hair of their heads,is it not possible for you to slay them? In my weakness I implore you.
The Kamkhana-ganamu (the men under the commanders) and the superior force under the Vajirs of Golkonda dash the shaven heads of sanyasis against each other like the dashing of rams in a fight; split the Brahma-sutramulu (sacred threads) of Somayajis (3)
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Sep 12
THREAD on the history, architecture & sculpture at the Vira Narasimhaswamy temple at Ahobilam, Andhra Pradesh (also known as lower Ahobilam) .Known for its inscriptions, sculptures and a very unique layout, it offers a deep insight into Vijayanagara style temple architecture (1)


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The earliest inscription naming the place as Ahobala is from 1124 CE. According to the Sthalapurana, "Ahobilam" comes from 'Ahobala' exclaimed by the devatas upon seeing Narasimha's fierce avatar as he emerged from this Ugra sthamba to slay Hiranyakashipu (2)
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The sthalapurana mentions Garuda's penance at Nallamala forest hills, where after years of devotion, Narasimha appeared in a cave, which led to the name Ahobilam signifying strength. Vobula,was the earliest name, & appears in an 8th century Chalukyan inscription (3)
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Read 40 tweets
Jan 1
Namaste friends🙏 Had the good fortune of having a darshana at one of the most iconic temples of Bharat last week, the ancient Pallava era Kailasanatha Temple at Kanchi.

This is a thread on the temple's history, architecture & sculptures. There is so much to share. Do read. 🕉️


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Firstly, brief history of the temple. It was built during the 8th century by Pallava emperor Rajasimha. The temple also goes by the name Rajasimheshwara. This temple served as the architectural blueprint for the Chalukyas & later Rashtrakutas for their temples at Vatapi & Ellora. Image
There is a Pallava-Granta inscription in the temple that praises Rajasimha as a great ruler. He is praised as having mastered the vedas and shaiva siddhantha. He is compared to Indra & Kubera

Some of the titles used by Rajasimha were Ishanacharana, Sivachudamani, Kalasamudra. Image
Read 26 tweets
Aug 22, 2023
A detailed THREAD on the history, architecture & sculpture of the Hoysala built Chennakeshava Temple at Somanathapura, Karnataka.

This is going to be a long one & it took me a while to piece all the information together. Do continue reading till the end. Lets's start 🕉️ (1)
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The Keshava temple was constructed by Somanatha Dandanayaka on receiving funds from reigning King Narasimha III. This temple was consecrated in 1238 CE & is considered the last major temple building activity undertaken by the Hoysalas. (2)
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In front of the entrance of the temple is a 10mt high Dipasthambha. The Temple is enclosed in a prakara wall & is entered through a mantapa on the east. To the left of this mantapa is a 3mt high slab with inscription in both Kannada & Sanskrit dating to the reign of Narasimha (3)
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Read 101 tweets
May 31, 2023
A Thread on the history, architecture, paintings and sculpture at The Veerabhadra swamy temple in Lepakshi, Andhra. The temple represents the awe inspiring architectural brilliance of the Vijayanagara Empire. (1)

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Hanumalinga shrine is located at the southwest corner of the pradaksina path that surrounds the garbhagrha & antarala (vestibule) of the Veerabhadra shrine. The entrance to this shrine is situated in the southwest corner of the pradaksina wall. (57) Image
Facing the east, the shrine consists solely of the garbhagriha, which houses a linga placed on a vedi (pedestal). Above the roof is a four faced Nagara Shikhara. (58)
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May 22, 2022
Da Vinci was undoubtedly a great innovator. But 500 years before him was Paramara Bhoja. He authored the Samarangana Sutradhara, a multi disciplinary text, where he describes building advanced warfare machines including mechanized soliders! This is 500 years before Da Vinci! (1) Image
Bhoja's legendary work, the Samarangana Sutradhara has no parallel for its time. In this particular chapter called Yantra vidhanam, he describes the method of building advanced mechanical devices like Golakabhramana, Jalayantra & many others. (2) Image
Bhoja talks about a number of advanced mechanical devices which he calls as "Yantras"

He defines a Yantra as " The device by which the mahabhutas like earth, water, fire, air & ether are controlled. When the free & natural activities of these mahabhutas...cont...(3)
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