"Black women are especially vulnerable to weathering effects when high rates of male unemployment and incarceration in the community thrust them into a role of supporting multiple generations of dependents but with resources only accessible from low-income jobs" Simons,et al 2018
Weathering starts early in life and continues to have damaging effects on health throughout life (Simons et al., 2018)
The health and life expectancy of Black ppl are negatively affected by the cumulative experiences of racism throughout life (Paradies, 2006;Phelan & Link, 2015)
Black women are four to five times more likely to die during
pregnancy and childbirth than white women, regardless of income, education, or lifestyle
(Bingham et al., 2011; Bond, 2011)
Black newborns are nearly three times more likely to die than were
White newborns, but if the doctor was Black, the mortality rate for Black newborns (as compared with White newborns) was cut in half.
(Berg et al., 2010; Greenwood, et
al., 2020; Picheta, 2020)
"Although health-related behaviors had virtually no impact on biological aging, our analyses indicated that financial pressure had a strong effect on accelerated aging, and it mediated the influence low income had on aging."
(Simons, et al., 2016)
"...changes in income and living arrangements over an 11-year period predict changes in speed of biological aging. These results provide further support for the idea that epigenetic aging is a mechanism whereby social conditions become biologically embedded"
(Simons,et al., 2021)
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#JuanCrow 📃 🧵
"...lawyers who established the Mexican Americans' legal "canon" employed arguments—which were also based on the Fourteenth Amendment—that called for better policing of the existing boundaries of Jim Crow, rather than for the dismantling of the system." 🧐
"The state law defined the 'colored' class to include "all persons of mixed blood descended from Negro ancestry."
"..that as Hispanics, Mexicans belonged to the white race, albeit to an inferior branch in the taxonomy."
"..all Mexicans, without discrimination as to color."🧐
"The founders of LULAC aimed to intergrate Mexican-descended persons into the U.S. mainstream, that is, to 'Americanize' the community."
"Mexican Americans grew dependant on legal arguments that relied heavily on alleged advantages derived from their "white" status."