Headline CPI was 0.5% for December, core was 0.6%. Cars were a big part of the number (again) but inflation continues to broaden--the "other" excluding cars and pandemic services is high for the third month in a row.
Inflation is still almost entirely driven by durable goods not services. Durable goods inflation should come down as supply chains unsnarl but what will happen to services is the big question--is drifting up a little bit lately.
One reason to expect services to rise more is that they include shelter--which includes rent and owner's equivalent rent. The CPI is showing a much smaller increase than other measures. They're not comparable but measures of new leases show the future for all leases.
The US-Euro area gap widened a bit in December as well. Looking over twenty-four months on a comparable basis US is 2pp higher. Slightly less comparable but comparing core Euro area to core US ex shelter shows an even larger gap.
Finally this looks at core CPI over different time periods. 24 months avoids base effects (which are relatively small now), 12 months is the headline number, and 3 months is what is happening lately.
In terms of where we're going, this report doesn't do much to clarify--the same exact debates from the last several months are still applicable (including is it temporary supply chain and durables or will it shift to services.
My views on what people got wrong last year and what could happen this year in this (long) thread.
Slowing inflation this year is the most likely scenario, most experts expect it to slow to around 2% in the second half, I would take the over on that.
Several thoughts on that piece by @nealemahoney & @BharatRamamurti in @nytopinion.
1. They claim price controls are good politically. I'm very open to this being true, I'm under no illusion that what I think is good policy is particularly well correlated with good politics. But I am genuinely interested in more evidence beyond the brief observations they make.
2. They claim that even if you think price controls are a bad idea they can help you pass supply-increasing legislation that is on balance good. Once again, I'm open to this. And in government I've often done 3rd, 7th or 12th best policies because of constraints.
It has now, for better or worse, been effectively abolished.
The last three legislated increases in the minimum wage were bipartisan:
1989: President Bush (41) and a Democratic Congress
1996: President Clinton and a Republican Congress
2007: President Bush (43) and a Democratic Congress
Prices are up about 50% since it was increased to $7.25/hr in 2009.
As a result the inflation-adjusted minimum wage is about the lowest it has ever been. The productivity-adjusted min wage is the lowest it has ever been.
Only 1% of workers nationwide are paid at or below that.
The most helpful visualization of the persistent and, to some degree, resurgence of core inflation is this. Four straight months of strong core goods inflation largely due to tariffs. Plus services inflation remains reasonably strong.
A big upward revision for GDP, was a 3.8% annual rate (up from 3.0% in the advance estimate). For H1 GDP up at a 1.6% annual rate.
The biggest change was consumption which was 2.5% annual rate (up from 1.4% in the advance). Business fixed investment strong, residential weak.
Here is quarterly consumer spending. It looked like it was really slowing but with this upward revision and the July and August indications it's looking much more healthy.
Business fixed investment has been strong. It is unclear how much of this is pulling forward of capital equipment imports to get ahead of tariffs and how much is sustainable. (Note disaggregating structures have been falling while equipment is rising, reducing a disconnect.)
The problem recently has been in both goods and services. Core goods inflation has typically been about zero but in the run-up to this year had deflation. Now tariff-driven inflation.
And at the same time core services inflation has picked up.