Next time when you feel a craving for chips, try Balaji Wafers, instead of any other brands. This is both for their quality of chips, and relatively lower prices.

An incredible story of the Virani brothers from Rajkot, who build a Rs 2,500 crore-plus brand with stubbornness.
Chandubhai and his brothers Bhikhubhai and Kanubhai migrated from a small Village Dhun Dhoraji, Kalavad Taluka, Jamnagar district of Gujarat. Their father Popatbhai Virani was a farmer, who sold ancestral agriculture land and gave ₹20,000 to them to venture into business.
The Viranis invested in farm equipment, but could not succeed and lost the money. Kakubhai and his brothers started a wafer business from a canteen of Astron cinema in Rajkot in 1974. #BusinessHistory #Dhandho
At Astron Cinema, Chandubhai was dreaming big. Two developments helped him see the larger picture. One, getting the contract to manage the cinema canteen. The second was the popularity of the wafers sold at the theatre, with demand outstripping supply. #BusinessHistory
The brothers started selling various items in the canteen including potato wafers bought from a supplier, who was always late. This spelled disaster at a movie hall! “After changing suppliers three times,” says Chandubhai, “I thought – why not make our own potato wafers?”
By 1982, the whole family had moved to Rajkot & Ramjibhai had bought a house with a large compound. The Virani brothers decided to make potato chips at their tiny, one-room home. Until 1989, the wafers were produced at the Viranis' house & distributed in and around Rajkot city.
With some earnings and a bank loan totaling about Rs 50 lakh, in 1989 Chandubhai started a factory at the Aji GIDC area of Rajkot, and it was then Gujarat’s biggest potato wafer plant.

But the new machinery installed was an unpleasant surprise – it never worked.
Finally, they studied the machines and repaired them themselves.

The business gained momentum with the company Balaji Wafers Private Limited being formed in 1992, with three directors – the brothers Bhikhubhai, Chandubhai, and Kanubhai.
As one enters the premises of Balaji Wafers Private Limited in the village of Vajdi (Vad) around 20 km from Rajkot, a small Balaji temple in the forefront of the 50-acre factory area, is proof of the faith the owners have in Lord Balaji, from where the brand name ‘Balaji' came.
They put up a grand, spirited fight against the competition by focusing on quality, distribution, price, and service.

In terms of footprint, the first priority was to build ‘Fortress Balaji’ in Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, and Madhya Pradesh.
Balaji now has a distribution network across India and can’t supply to the new regions from the four plants it has across Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh. So, a new plant is coming up in Uttar Pradesh. Next would be Delhi-NCR, South and East India.
Balaji's share of the local potato and vegetable chips market grew to 13.7% in 2012, from 9.5% in 2008, according to Euromonitor. Balaji also dominates in the western market with a share of 71%. In its home state Gujarat, it has a share of 90%. #BusinessHistory
Balaji Wafers is now a private giant standing tall with 6000 employees, 2000 suppliers all over the country, over 1000 dealers, and over a million retailers dangling the long strips of over 40 different Balaji products.

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More from @Anuraag_Shukla

Jan 7
A forgotten historian: Bindeshwari Prasad Sinha

A historian specializing in ancient Indian history, Sinha was a professor and head of the Department of History and Archaeology at Patna University. He was also the founder of Bihar state's Directorate of Archaeology and Museums.
Born in Bihar Sharif in 1919, Sinha obtained an M.A. degree from Patna University and a Ph.D. from SOAS, University of London in 1948. His guide was Lionel Barnett, and his thesis was on the topic Decline of the Kingdom of Magadh.
Sinha is known for having carried out the first excavations at Vikramashila, the site of an ancient Buddhist monastery established in the 8th century CE. He also carried out excavations at Chirand, an archaeological site in the Saran district of Bihar.
Read 5 tweets
Jan 6
Apart from Swami Vivekananda's words, it was Sri Aurobindo's writings/words that helped Bose work out a reconciliation between Spirit and Matter, between the spiritual quest and the quest for freedom.

Excerpt from: Mukherjee, Rudrangshu. “Nehru and Bose: Parallel Lives”
When Nehru was growing up, he had the luxury of a tennis court and a swimming pool that his father had bought and refashioned. Nehru was educated at home: first by two English governesses and then by F.T. Brooks, a young Irish-French theosophist, recommended by Annie Besant.
All the efforts of a renowned Sanskrit scholar Ganganatha Jha went in vain to teach Jawaharlal the classical Indian language. Instead, he imbibed a love for reading and English literature.

Excerpt From: Mukherjee, Rudrangshu. “Nehru and Bose: Parallel Lives”.
Read 7 tweets
Jan 5
One less talked about aspect of Russia achieving enormous gains in literacy and education between two world wars was its policy of "korenizatsiya", trans as indigenization, or literally "putting down roots".

Mental Calculations in the school by Nikolay Bogdanov-Belsky. 1895.
Under this policy, which lasted from the mid-1920s to the late 1930s, the communist government promoted the development and use of various mother tongues (other than Russian) in the government, the media, and education.
An education in native-language education not only increased the overall literacy rate in Russia but also revolutionized its science and mathematics output tremendously (including in social sciences). Many great names were the products of this policy of Korenizatsiya.
Read 4 tweets
Jan 3
This. 👇

"Choosing what books to read becomes itself a moralistic enterprise, a form of atonement. One must read postcolonial literatures to pay the guilt tax. It is a reading toll that the student of the White Literature syllabus is not asked to pay."

thepointmag.com/criticism/beyo…
"Of all the literature courses students take, the texts they study are supposed to be illustrative: they are used to critique some kind of -ism that is being scolded or praised by the course instructor."
"Postcolonial texts in English literature seem to have two jobs in these syllabi: they either negatively illustrate some form of moral or social misconduct, or they positively represent a “marginalized” culture or geography."
Read 7 tweets
Dec 25, 2021
Just finished reading this.

This book, by Steven Patterson, tries to systematically trace the idea of honor circulated in the Raj and how it was strategically deployed to sustain the imperial mission.
The dominant ethos of British India after 1857, argues the author, was set by the upper-middle classes (instead of viceroys & governors) who came to dominate the ICS, claiming that their professional training as disinterested civil servants made them the fittest rulers of India.
If viceroys came and went, members of the ICS spent entire careers in India, and their views were often decidedly different from those of the highest elite. These ICS officers transformed themselves into autocrats in India who ostensibly ruled as 'enlightened despots'.
Read 16 tweets
Dec 24, 2021
"Any true morality is the diametric opposite of self-righteousness - the very thing that so often masquerades for morality. What think often as our morality is indeed a “monstrous perversion” of our ego.”

themarginalian.org/2016/12/05/joa…
Didion on Hollywood liberals;

“The public life of liberal Hollywood comprises a kind of dictatorship of good intentions, a social contract in which actual and irreconcilable disagreement is as taboo as failure or bad teeth.”
Joan Didion on Self-Respect:

"the willingness to accept responsibility for one’s own life.

To have that sense of one’s intrinsic worth which constitutes self-respect is potentially to have everything: the ability to discriminate, to love and to remain indifferent."
Read 7 tweets

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