Some thoughts and predictions on the future death of alt-L1s, and how the multi-chain thesis will work out this decade
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Right now, the current asset landscape is cross-chain because of a few reasons:
1) ETH is expensive to use (for now) 2) Retail trading has picked up
Therefore, VCs see a clear way to craft a narrative towards new low-fee alt-L1s marketed towards new retail.
Cross chain bridges, being less secure, will get exploited for massive sums of money every few months.
Due to these exploits, assets (which originate on ETH) will venture out to alt-L1s less, dropping usage over time.
As rollups start to fully deploy, alt-L1 dominance will diminish as they have to compete with L2s. Some pullbacks will be incredibly harsh as VCs see the writing on the wall and sell before retail.
Some alt-L1s will pivot towards becoming L2s. Others will be fundamentally incompatible. Depending on network effects, these will either exist independently or become ghost chains.
The other independently issued chains will have to issue assets natively, like how USDC now deploys on both Ethereum and Solana.
We reach a fork here.
A) Either assets natively deploy and ETH + friends coexist
or
B) Asset providers will not bother with 2x developer time for 1.2x usage, cementing Ethereum as the de-facto L1 with L2s becoming the new race.
β’ β’ β’
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What is data availability? Why is it important for blockchains? A π§΅ breaking it down π
Data availability (DA), much like ZK proofs, is an actively researched area. A lot of problems still need to be solved before implementation, and there are several potential solutions. I'll break down one solution: high dimension erasure code and Kate commitments.
It all stems from one question: how can nodes in a network verify that all of the data from a new block is available, and nothing is hidden or censored?
I'm not worried about L2s filtering transactions at all because of one important feature L2s have vs sidechains: exit functionality. Regardless of censorship, users can exit trustlessly back to L1.
Let's talk some more EVM basics. ERC standards⦠what are they, and why are they important? What's the difference between an ERC-20 and ERC-721?
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One of the most important things is interoperability. In order to have a neutral base settlement layer, things must be able to work together easily. There are a lot of ERCs, but the most well-known ones are ERC-20 and ERC-721.
ERCs are application-level standards and conventions implemented into smart contracts.
Let's start 2022 off with the basics and dive into the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), the current smart contract standard, and how it works. We'll also discuss how L2s open the door to a supercharged EVM!
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The ETH blockchain exists to run a state machine, the EVM. Let's break it down further, and discuss what a state machine is!
A state machine is any machine that takes inputs and provides outputs based on those inputs. Here's a diagram of a simple state machine:
yesterday i wrote about zk proofs which separate execution from validation and verification. so what are blockchains moving towards beyond L2s?
another π§΅π
after we solve zk rollups, development is far from done. there's one looming problem: data availability. when everything in the world is run on a blockchain, where/how do you store the transaction info while remaining decentralized?
there are a few projects tackling this, like @ethswarm and @CelestiaOrg, but research is even more bleeding-edge than ZKs are- i expect the narrative to shift to DA a few years from now.