carra.eth Profile picture
Feb 17 11 tweets 4 min read
The gaming industry is in the midst of an M&A arms race— a period of consolidation unlike anything we’ve ever seen before. What does it mean for the future of games?

tl;dr: I’ve never felt more sure that web3 is the future of games
1. Indie game studios are facing pressure from all sides, which begets more consolidation

- Hard to compete w big $, fast-follow development, & preferential cross promo
- When platform becomes the largest publisher, studios lose their key pt of leverage (x-platform distr. deals)
@FortniteGame & @LeagueOfLegends understood this / dominated culture by eschewing publishers and making themselves available on every platform games can be played on
2. Consolidation => innovation plateau

- The consolidation curve is a well documented phenomenon in most industries hbr.org/2002/12/the-co…
- Typically it takes around ~25 years for an industry to mature to the point of 70-90% consolidation among top 3 firms.
- Recall that Ultima / the 1st commercial broadband MMOs were released in 1997, exactly 25 yrs ago…
- When this happens, growth becomes harder, margins get thinner, bigco hysteresis sets in, and the most innovative builders leave to spawn their own newcos (more below)
3. Shittier UX

- Focus on late stage profit->⬆️subscription prices
- Content gets funneled to vertically owned distr. channels (i.e. Elder Scrolls exclusive to Xbox). Same content balkanization in TV: verticalization + exclusive media rights = must sub to every streaming service
- Closed source siloing enables top-down rule-making that affects devs and customers (cf: App Store 30% fee, which instigated Epic / Fortnite lawsuit)
4. Web3 is a new pt of leverage that allows the most innovative game devs to circumvent the tradgame industry & go D2C

- Direct user acq/community engagement
- Web3 takes the Fortnite ex. to its logical extreme, bringing universal avail, down to the object level (Axies can be bought,sold,&played anywhere)
- Open economies provide ownership incentives that drive composable (&finally profitable!) esports, creator economies,&guild growth
We’re already starting to see mass migration of boundary pushing game devs toward web3– esp in Asia, where many of the most sophisticated publishers have announced full pivots to web3 (the west has traditionally trailed Asia game adoption by a few years)
And this year, super fun AAA web3 games made by top web2 game alumni will finally come online.

@MiniNations is ripping. @mechafightclub is on deck. @AxieInfinity's Origin game is well on its way. The tide is shifting. Dm me if you’re a web2 game dev ready to ride the wave 🌊

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More from @WuCarra

Jan 26
Open Economy Games are a phenomenon made possible by two unique and powerful properties of the blockchain: composability (freedom to build) and ownership (incentive to build).

Important news at the end 👀👀👀
In the same way that these 2forces drive innovation in IRL mkt economies, they also empower people to create infinitely richer experiences in virtual worlds. Game designers spend their entire careers tryin to facilitate this kind of complexity. Open economies offer this in spades
In the Econ 101 world of widgets & firms, we refer to this flywheel of creativity & consumption as economic growth, measuring producers’ ability to do more with less.
Read 15 tweets
Oct 29, 2021
Every web3 community will need to think about game design as a core competency. 🧵
One of the persistent questions DAOs face (both from a regulatory perspective and an existential one) is how to achieve large scale group coordination in a truly decentralized way.
Consider the problem: 10s of thousands of contributors trying to harness human and financial capital at high velocity toward some entrepreneurial end.
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Oct 27, 2021
gm. The rumors are true! We have invested in @FWBtweets, a DAO that has become the de facto home of web3’s growing creative class. a16z.com/2021/10/27/inv…
DAOs (Decentralized Autonomous Organizations) are the web3 group coordination primitive. They offer participants in tokenized networks governing power over the organization’s rules and resources, which are encoded in smart contracts.
Until recently, DAOs were used mostly to secure DeFi protocols, and DAO members consisted primarily of highly technical contributors.
Read 10 tweets
Oct 7, 2021
Intro to Virtual Economies in P2E Game Design

This is the 2nd thread in a series on play-to-earn (P2E) games, which will run every other day until my brain is empty. H/t @eddylazzarin @gabusch @tocelot @thejiho for contributing to my thinking here 🦾
If you are a Certified Economics Nut & former game dev like me, this is possibly the best time to be alive in history. P2E mechanics are where DeFi mechanics were in 2018 /19, which is to say that right now we have the opportunity to construct the macroeconomies of the future.
As a starting point, I’ve spent some time scoping out the design space for sustainable P2E games. In this thread, I'm going to cover how behavioral economics affects game design broadly, and in the next two, I'll cover real money reward functions & token design, respectively.
Read 17 tweets
Oct 4, 2021
Play to Earn: a 0 to 1 Explainer

This is the first thread in a series on P2E games, which will run every other day starting today until my brain is empty. H/t @AriannaSimpson, @gabusch, & @cdixon, who've each contributed different mental models to my thinking on this topic.👇
In explaining Play to Earn, it might be helpful to start with a concept that we are all by now familiar with. The jobs we do online, everyday, produce value within a profoundly un-fun metaverse made up of inboxes and Slack channels.
Most of the work products we produce are digital, and people pay us because they value those digital products, whether they be articles, slide decks, or software. In the process, we consume the digital products others have created, and in many cases, we pay money for them.
Read 14 tweets
Oct 1, 2021
Web3 native business models: a thread🧵
Something @AriannaSimpson taught me is that business models emerge from the unique properties of paradigm shift technologies. The skeuomorphic ones don’t survive. Internet -> affiliate marketing. Streaming -> subscriptions. Cloud gaming -> free to play+microtransactions
@alive_eth taught me that in DeFi & NFTs, at least 1 canonical form has emerged: smart contract -> token incentives -> integration -> user aggregation (what models have I missed here?)
Read 9 tweets

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