pseudotheos Profile picture
Feb 18 β€’ 5 tweets β€’ 1 min read
Alright, you've heard of L2s, but what's L3?

A quick mini-πŸ§΅πŸ‘‡
A cool feature of SNARKs and STARKs is recursion. In short, it's putting another rollup on top of a rollup!
As long as the L2 can support validity proofs, it can support L3. L3 + validity proofs can support L4, and so on.

Each layer provides exponential improvements in compression.
L3 will be best utilized in application-specific contexts, like games and dApps that require massive throughput and near-feeless transactions.
Further reading from @StarkWareLtd:

medium.com/starkware/frac…

(h/t to @theramblingboy for the thread idea)

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More from @pseudotheos

Feb 16
What's Danksharding and crList, and why are they so groundbreaking?

A πŸ§΅πŸ‘‡
Danksharding gets the name from the core dev who proposed it, @dankrad. Instead of the previous design which was simply parallel data shards, Danksharding flips Ethereum upside down with a new role: the block builder.
The builder grabs all of the existing L1 data as well as rollup data and puts them together into blocks which are then broadcasted to the network. Since we're giving builders this massive power, there needs to be a check involved to avoid censorship, which is crList.
Read 7 tweets
Feb 2
Why are programming languages like Cairo from @StarkWareLtd important for modular blockchains?

A πŸ§΅πŸ‘‡
Solidity is a great language, and one that was custom-built for smart contract development, but it's tailor-made for the EVM.
This means it's great for a lot of things:

Basic state machine functions
Gas management
Standardization of contracts
Composition (meaning contracts can talk to each other easily)

However, by being purpose built for the EVM, there are some quirks that can't be worked around.
Read 7 tweets
Jan 29
Some thoughts and predictions on the future death of alt-L1s, and how the multi-chain thesis will work out this decade

πŸ§΅πŸ‘‡
Right now, the current asset landscape is cross-chain because of a few reasons:

1) ETH is expensive to use (for now)
2) Retail trading has picked up

Therefore, VCs see a clear way to craft a narrative towards new low-fee alt-L1s marketed towards new retail.
Cross chain bridges, being less secure, will get exploited for massive sums of money every few months.

Due to these exploits, assets (which originate on ETH) will venture out to alt-L1s less, dropping usage over time.
Read 7 tweets
Jan 6
What is data availability? Why is it important for blockchains? A 🧡 breaking it down πŸ‘‡
Data availability (DA), much like ZK proofs, is an actively researched area. A lot of problems still need to be solved before implementation, and there are several potential solutions. I'll break down one solution: high dimension erasure code and Kate commitments.
It all stems from one question: how can nodes in a network verify that all of the data from a new block is available, and nothing is hidden or censored?
Read 11 tweets
Jan 5
Some thoughts on DDOS protection and spam removal on Layer 2s... or the scary word: censorship.
I'm not worried about L2s filtering transactions at all because of one important feature L2s have vs sidechains: exit functionality. Regardless of censorship, users can exit trustlessly back to L1.
Read 7 tweets
Jan 5
Let's talk some more EVM basics. ERC standards… what are they, and why are they important? What's the difference between an ERC-20 and ERC-721?

πŸ§΅πŸ‘‡
One of the most important things is interoperability. In order to have a neutral base settlement layer, things must be able to work together easily. There are a lot of ERCs, but the most well-known ones are ERC-20 and ERC-721.
ERCs are application-level standards and conventions implemented into smart contracts.

You can view them here: eips.ethereum.org/erc
Read 7 tweets

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