There are remains of roodscreens in ~300 churches in Wales. They were constructed in a short period: two generations either side of 1500, and take three forms: veranda, coved and vaulted.
This survival at Llanelieu is the most complete example of a veranda loft in Wales. #thread
Towards the of last year the @RCAHMWales published, Painted Temples: Wallpaintings and Rood-screens in Welsh Churches, 1200–1800 by Richard Suggett. For information and images, this book is a treasure trove.
One chapter deals exclusively with rood screen, which in Wales are distinctive not only for their “lavish enrichment, fluent decoration and curious carvings”, but also for the literary dimension – as several screens had poems written about them.
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These poems are a great resource for their descriptions of the screens. They had a devotional aspect to them, and were also used to attract pilgrims to the church. (e.g. the late 14th-century poem Cwydd i'r grog o gaer by Dafydd ap Gwilym dedicated to the rood at Carmarthen.)
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But the Welsh roodscreen’s popularity was short lived. In the 1550s, the figures were removed. By 1561 there was a royal order to reduce lofts to the top of the screen. More destruction occurred in 1600s. Then again in the re-orderings and restorations of the 1700 and 1800s.
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In Suggett’s book, he describes an incident in Welshpool in the 1730s, when parishioners petitioned for the removal of their screen, as people were congregating there “under pretence of psalm singing”… but were “spitting upon people’s heads below”.
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What survives are just "crumbs from a once rich table".
We have 8 Welsh rood screens in our care. You can read more about them in this post we wrote a while ago:
Here’s a late 19th-century painting of Llanelieu church, Powys by FWAT Armstrong 1849-1920 (via Art UK). I love that white-haired old man in a pew to the left.
It was a few looks before I spotted him, almost started, like he knew I was looking but I didn’t see him.
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Red and yellow and pink and green ... most children can tell you that rainbows contain seven colours, and many of us use 'ROYGBIV' to remember them. But people haven't always seen rainbows this way.
Rubens' 'The Rainbow Landscape' of 1636 was painted just three decades before major new scientific theories about colour and light emerged. The rainbow lights up surrounding clouds with highlights of lemony yellow and blue.
In 1664, Robert Boyle conducted experiments with prisms, and in the 'artificial rain-bow' he produced, he observed five colours: Red, Yellow, Green, Blew and Purple. ...
The church at Skeffling was built from glacial clutter and recycled masonry in the 1400s. It sits in Holderness. A landscape of mudflats and salt-marshes washed into existence by the North Sea.
Here ‘leaves unnoticed thicken, hidden weeds flower, neglected waters quicken’.
Those are the words of poet, Philip Larkin. Larkin explored this area after he moved to Hull in 1955 to take up the position of librarian at the Brynmor Jones Library at the University of Hull. He lived there and held that job for thirty years, until his death in 1985.
Of Hull, he wrote "I never thought about Hull until I was here. Having got here, it suits me in many ways. It is a little on the edge of things, I think even its natives would say that. I rather like being on the edge of things.”
If there were more than 20 sheep in the flock, he could note the first 20 when he reached Figgit by putting a pebble in his pocket, and then starting the sequence from Yan again.
(info from 'Alex's Adventures in Numberland' by Alex Bellos)
In about 1300, five massive oak legs were pushed into the soil at Boveney to raise a belltower out of the clay tile roof of the 12th-century church. Inside, in the 1800s fielded panelling was installed, hiding those hardworking legs.
Perfect as that panelling looked, it obscured the most important timbers. Noticing that the bellcote was somewhat slumped, our architect removed some panels, and we found the legs were rotten. Boveney church was *almost* without a leg to stand on.
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Many things contributed to the decay-the high water-table of the river-bank church, deathwatch beetle, fruiting bodies… The panelling concealed this until it was almost too late. The words, ‘catastrophic collapse’, were used. Panic set in. The £60,000 repair bill quadrupled.
Between 1666 and 1680, the English parliament sought to protect the wool trade, by requiring the dead to be buried in nothing but a shroud of English sheep's wool. Plague victims and the destitute were the only exceptions.
The 'Burying in Woollen Acts' required an Affidavit within 8 days of burial, proving before a JP that the law had been complied with. Those who didn't comply were fined £5, half of which went to the poor. This blog has some terrific examples of affidavits:buff.ly/3YkB33B
Many wealthy families preferred to simply pay the fine and bury their loved ones in clothing or shrouds of finer materials, such as linen.
St Patrick was ripped from his home as a teenager. After six years as a slave in the west of Ireland, he trekked the breadth of the island to get home to Britain. He would become the patron saint of Ireland, yet at the end of his life, he felt he had failed.
Patrick lived in the 5th century. Upon leaving Ireland in his early 20s, he devoted his life to Christ. He returned to Ireland after hearing Vox Hiberionacum – the voice of the Irish – in a dream.
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He became the patron saint of Ireland in the 7th century when the embellishment of St Patrick’s story began. Some of the biographers got quite creative, attributing all manner of miracles to the man – from snakes to sprouting staffs.