A thread on a sportsman who dared to take on an oppressive invader: On 30th Jan, 1933, Adolf Hitler was sworn in as the Chancellor of the German state and the rise of the Third Reich began (1/n)
Hyper-nationalism was the fundamental basis for Hitler's party and establishing supremacy in sports was thus very important to the regime. Mismatch of expectation & reality presented a problem though (2/n)
The German national football side was ordinary at best and pretty much the whipping boys of European football. But a readymade solution was at hand. The football team of neighboring Austria were enthralling fans at the time (3/n)
Dubbed "Wunderteam", in 1934, they held a stunning 31/3 W/L record in international games. This included two matches with Germany where the hapless Germans conceded 11 goals. Dark days now lay ahead for the Wunderteam (4/n)
In 1938, Germany annexed Austria. The Austrian national football team was disbanded and the best players were ordered to join the German side. Many complied happily, others out of fear. But one man had different ideas (5/n)
The lynchpin of the Wunderteam was Matthias Sindelar - lovingly called "Die Papierne" (Paper Man) for his slight build. On the field, Sindelar's silky skills left fans in awe. But Sindelar's appeal wasn't limited to the field alone (6/n)
Hailing from an ordinary background, he was a working class, common man's hero for all Austrians. And Sindelar wasn't happy with what was happening to his land. To start off, he announced he was hanging up his boots citing advancing age (7/n)
It didn't go down well with the new regime. Meanwhile, Jewish sports club owners, officials and players were being hounded all over Austria. One of them was Dr. Schwartz, former president of FK Vienna. Players were ordered not to talk to him (8/n)
Everyone complied barring Sindelar. But he had more defiance left in him. In April, 1938, a unification match was announced between Austria & Germany. It was intended to be a grand show of brotherhood (9/n)
Sindelar demanded that Austrian players be allowed to wear their old jersey & be referred to as Austria. It was allowed. The authorities had let it be known that a low scoring draw was the preferred result (10/n)
The match became a farce as the superior Austrians toyed with the Germans but spoiled their own moves in advanced positions. But in the 70th minute, Sindelar scored, stunning the authorities and sending the home crowd into delirium (11/n)
The Austrians won 2-0. After the final whistle, Sindelar ran to the box where the Nazi leadership was seated and broke into an impromptu dance. Soon, eight of his former teammates would turn out for unified Germany in 1938 World Cup (12/n)
Sindelar continued to be a thorn in the regime's flesh so much that the Gestapo now maintained a file on him. All over Vienna, Jewish businesses were targeted & their owners were being forced to sell to Germans at very low rates (13/n)
When Sindelar came to know of such plight of a Jewish owner of the café he frequented, he promptly went and bought it off at an above-market rate, much to the chagrin of the Nazis. He also refused to join the new sports administration (14/n)
On 23rd Jan, 1939, a friend broke into Sindelar's apartment to find him dead along with his girlfriend. Official cause of death was poisoning from a faulty gas pipe that leaked during the night. For Sindelar's friends, the real reason wasn't in doubt (15/n)
Sindelar was 18 days short of his 36th birthday. More than 20,000 joined his funeral procession, many in tears. It was termed as Vienna's final act of defiance against Nazi hegemony. In life & death, Matthias Sindelar remained a hero (16/n)
It is not always that we give the British credit for some of the beautiful things they left us. The demand for a colonial jail finally led to the creation of a major tourist attraction in Hazaribagh. A short thread on the interesting piece of history (1/n)
During the 1830s several tribal communities like Kols and Santhals rose against the East India Company (EIC) rule in the Chotanagpur region. The foreign interference was getting increasingly unbearable (2/n)
The British, however, with their superior warfare knowledge, were able to squash most of these rebellions. The captured rebels were sent to Hazaribagh to be locked up since it was then the nearest British outpost (3/n)
On the death anniversary of Madhubala, we recount how the working-class citizens of Greece once fell in love with the evergreen beauty. A thread on a Greek love song on Madhubala, that graced the Olympics. (1/13)
After the Second World War when war-torn Greece was bleeding heavily from wounds of the great Civil War and crippling at the brink of economic meltdown, the citizens desperately needed an outlet to find solace. (2/13)
While the upper-class elites had leaned towards embracing the European genre of art, the working class and the refugees took shelter inside the magical world of optimism and love stories offered by Bollywood. (3/13)
How a kidnapped prince, a portuguese missionary & a calligrapher helped introduce printing in Bengali.
It starts around 1643 with a Bengali boy born into wealth in Bhushana, Jessore (Bangladesh), whose actual name has been lost to time. As the story goes when the boy was of 20, he was captured by Portuguese pirates to be sold as a slave in Arakan (Rakhine, Myanmar).
He was however rescued by a Christian missionary Manoel de Rosario. Fearing for his life and with nowhere to go the boy sought refuge in Christianity and was christened as Dom Antonio de Rosario.
A short thread on a 19th-century satirical poem on British imperial rule in India and the most fascinating origin of the unusual name of the said protagonist Qui Hi (1/n)
‘The Grand Master; or, Adventures of Qui Hi? in Hindostan’ by an anonymous poet ‘Quiz’ published in 1816, tells a story of the misadventures of a young English author Qui Hi who always finds himself under heavy debt (2/n)
The satire goes on mocking East India company’s imperial policies, Hindu prejudices and the campaigns by the missionaries to convert Indians, accompanied by amazing illustrations with engravings by Rowlandson (3/n)
When the Prince of Wales became the subject of a satire on the Bengali theatre stage, the first law of censorship of the arts in India was enforced. A thread on the enlightening backstory (1/n)
In the 1870s, Bengali Theatre was forging a rebellious nature. With the creation of the National Theatre by Girish Chandra Das, a flurry of plays were staged including Nil Darpan (Indigo Mirror), Bharatmata, and Purubikram (2/n)
For the increasingly educated Bengali intelligentsia, the theatre was becoming a medium to vent out their frustrations against their colonial rulers, a point which the British government was not unaware of (3/n)
#OTD 76 years ago started a rebellion that shook the foundation of the British Indian administration and in many ways was the final tipping point for the independence movement. A look back at the #RoyalIndianNavyMutiny of 1946 (1/n)
The 2nd world war had seen unprecedented expansion of the Royal Indian Navy (RIN). At the end of the war, the seamen returned home after serving in various parts of the world. The India they had returned to was on the boil (2/n)
The reverberations of the Quit India movement were still being felt. The INA trials had led to mass frenzy and support for the INA veterans. The administration was putting down any resistance brutally. But the brutality only added to the fire (3/n)