Poland already had provisions making it easier for Ukrainians to integrate than other arrivals. Today, the Polish Parliament is due to to vote on new proposals making it easier for Ukrainians to access the Polish labour market.
Compared to 2015 the response a lot of continental Europe, especially Europe’s east, is marked. Reasons?
To take 🇵🇱 as an example
1) countries like Poland had already received substantial migration from Ukraine since 2014. Has eased historic tensions.
2) Strong cultural/linguistic affinities. 3) Strong solidarity given current situation. Desire to see Ukraine succeed at any cost, as buffer between them and Russia.
4) Yes, as one Pole put it to me a few days ago, there is inevitably a racial dimension as well.
Though it is of course early days. Numbers will soon surpass in just over a week *the total* of those in 2015. So solidarity may yet at least fray.
On this important to note this partly about Maidan about Crimea but also economic. Lots of Ukrainians have plugged holes in the Polish labour market caused by 🇵🇱 emigration to W Europe, especially UK. There were well over a million Ukrainians living in Poland before the crisis.
As someone put it to me yesterday, “before 2014 you’d rarely hear Ukrainian spoken in Poland. Now, in all the cities, you hear it every day.”
Also worth noting other changes which the war which is yielding in Poland. Generally a feeling of deep pessimism. Idea that war is coming, if not now then in the near future, is quite commonplace. Grim realisation that Russian soldiers may soon be on its borders once again.
Doesn’t take long talking to Polish men at the moment before they bring up the idea of their enrolling in their equivalent of the Territorial Army, or indeed that they’ve done so already.
The other extraordinary transformation taking place in Polish social life is connected to the extraordinary numbers of people being taken into private homes. Spoke to someone today who told me she “barely knew a family who hasn’t taken someone in.”
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More than anything else so many who arrive on the border are in a state of nervous and physical exhaustion. Either what they’ve fled from or the journey they’ve made has been deeply traumatic, or both.
Like virtually every woman with kids we meet here, Marianna told us her husband had just enlisted. She also told us that the kids are aware of the war. Last night before she went to sleep, Amelia (10) asked her Mum whether she and the family would be shot in the night.
The thing which really strikes you about the kids here is how still they are. Virtually none are crying. They’re stunned, frightened. By the time they’re across the border they’re cold and hungry, essentially spent.
As well as speaking to scores of refugees over the past few days I’ve also been speaking to officials and (civilian and military) at the at the border about the humanitarian and logistical situation and who is coming over. This is what they’ve told me- 🧵
Who are the groups that are coming over? Am told this divides into several groups
1) Ukrainian women/kids- this is the vast majority of the arrivals. There are also elderly. Mums are often arriving with two, three, four kids (sometimes other people’s kids and more) and it’s…
…v hard for them. They’re arriving exhausted. They’ve been travelling for days. Some people (and kids) can no longer walk and have to be carried over. It’s subzero at night. We’re told of people lying on the ground unable to move. No water, no food.
Freezing cold today and overnight in the Polish/Ukrainian border areas. Remember people are having to queue with their kids for up to four days, largely on foot, often having to abandon their cards. Polish border guards say that 450,000 have crossed into Poland, up from 250,000.
The numbers are astonishing. UNHCR estimates that the total numbers having fled Ukraine and crossed any of its borders are 650,000+. That’s in one week. As I said in my Newsnight piece last night it feels like Western Europe has little sense of enormity of the task.
At least not yet but if this continues it’s going to transform much across Europe.
Buses of refugees arriving a few miles from the border crossing at Korczowa. Polish government has converted a massive industrial showroom into a temporary shelter, with food and facilities. Thousands are coming and leaving for rest of Europe every day.
Firefighters helping the latest arrivals from the crossing to the refugee centre. The Polish Major who runs the centre tells us they’ve had 17 nationalities from four continents in the last few days. Some have arrived unable to walk, either through exhaustion or shelling.
Part of this place was a bathroom wholesaler. Now it’s been requisitioned by the Polish army. 1300 people left today. Another 1600 have arrived. If they don’t have transport or somewhere to go it’s being arranged for them. There are so many kids, often with just their Mum.
Thank you all for your kind comments about the piece tonight- we’ll have a version online asap and will be on @BBCBreakfast tomorrow morning as well. And to those asking, I’m afraid I don’t know whether the little girl on the platform found her Mum- I very much hope so.
Steady stream of people coming across the 🇺🇦 border at Medyka on the Polish side. Many have had to abandon their cars. They have what they have on their backs and what they can carry.
We’ve spoke to people who have been waiting for days, in the freezing cold, nothing to eat or to drink. Most haven’t slept at all.
As with yesterday there is also a steady stream of men under 45 heading into Ukraine to fight, going in on foot.