Diane Swonk Profile picture
Mar 10 7 tweets 2 min read
🔥CPI inflation soars to 7.9% gain from a year ago, hottest pace since January 1982. Energy and food both accelerated and sadly have more room to run, as prices at the pump have hit new records in response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
Gains in food broad based. Only exception was food at workplaces and schools. Some small restaurants are struggling as all of their input costs ⬆️

Ag prices surged in Feb in response to ⬆️energy, feed & fertilizer cost. Loss of grain from Ukraine adds insult to injury.
Those waiting for the pivot from goods into service sector inflation will be disappointed. Prices in both the goods and service sector picked up. Used vehicle prices fell a bit, but still up dramatically from year ago.
Home furnishings and appliances accelerated as backlogs remain long and people are still trying to fill all the homes they bought over the last year.

This is same time service sector prices accelerated with boost in travel and tourism following Omicron wave.
Hotel rooms, air fares & rental cars are surge in cost during the moth.

Rent & home ownership costs picked up at the fastest pace since housing bubble 2006-07. More in pipeline. Could hit peak in rents surge of mid 1980s. Takes ~ year for home values to show in ownership costs
Medical costs were fairly tame with exception of hospital costs. This reflects return of elective surgeries delayed by Omicron and acute labor shortages. Many rural hospitals are facing financial ruin & will fail on the months to come. That will compromise access to health care.
Inflation expectations have also moved up, a key concern for the Fed. There is little choices but to raise rates and commit to more rate hikes. @federalreserve Chair Powell has pledged the Fed is committed to avoiding repeat of 1970s. He promised 1/4 hike in March. More needed

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More from @DianeSwonk

Mar 10
Decided worth a trip down memory lane to understand what is and what is not same as 1970s.
Background:
1) Inflation moved up from year end 1.4% in 1960 to 6.2% in 1969 - Vietnam War exacerbated.
2) Wage & price controls in 1971 temp lowered inflation but caused surge later.
3) Bretton woods agreement - currencies pegged to dollar - was abandoned. This prompted sharp depreciation of the dollar, which further stoked 70s inflation, with a lag.
4) Nixon admin strong-armed Fed Chair to stimulate, despite elevated inflation, to insure 1972 re-election.
5) Inflation reaccelerated, crossing 6% in 1973, before Oct oil embargoed by OPEC.
6) More than a decade of elevated inflation prompted unions to negotiate cost of living adjustments (COLAs) tied to CPI into contracts.

White collar workers got same as blue collar workers.
Read 10 tweets
Mar 9
Inflation has burned workers who finally found a moment in the sun with wage gains. It is visible and in hitting hard in basics of food, shelter and commute costs. The gap between the UMichigan consumer sentiment survey and the Conference Board confidence figures also telling.
The sentiment survey is more sensitive to inflation and shows inflation expectations picking up. People feel as though they are chasing a moving target with wage gains. Conversely, confidence, which is more sensitive to the labor market has held up better and record gap btwn two.
Moral of the Story: Inflation we are enduring is real and painful even though the labor market has come roaring back. Long time since we had such economic growth with 🔥of inflation. Exacerbates inequality. Esp hard for low wage in person workers to hedge costs.
Read 4 tweets
Mar 9
Job openings at the end of January ticked down a bit but remained e
elevated. There were 11.3m job openings after hitting revised record of 11.4m in December. The bulk of the weakness was in leisure and hospitality, which was hit by the Omicron wave.
The quit rate ticked down a bit to 2.8% from 3%. The private sector quit rate edged 3.3% in December to 3.1% in January. Again, it would be reasonable to see a modest slowdown in quit rates, given the Omicron wave. Recruiting was most affected by the surge in those out sick.
Quit rates tend to lead shifts in wages as measured by the employment cost index by about a quarter. Today’s data suggest that wage gains will remain strong as we move into the second quarter but could plateau. Much will depend on whether Omicron suppressed quits in Jan.
Read 7 tweets
Mar 8
@federalreserve Chairman Jay Powell will be walking a tightrope next week, balancing need to derail what is fast becoming a more entrenched inflation against what could be a larger meltdown in credit markets, given uncertainties we face.
A seizure in credit markets would trigger a far worse slowdown or recession that proves more difficult to recover from than a Fed-induced slowdown or recession. The global financial crisis of 2008-09 taught us that the hard way.
The Federal Reserve is also acutely aware of the risks of a more systemic inflation, which could erode living standards for years. They are committed to averting such an outcome. Hard to avoid plain. The collateral damage of Russia’s invasion large.
Read 5 tweets
Mar 8
With the help of friend, Mark Finley - see below - calculated the impact of gas prices avg $4.05 for all of 2022. That would ⬆️cost per household by - $850 for 2022 after nearly $1000 per household in 2021. Assume gov’t will temp suspend federal gas tax of $0.183 per gal.
Those back-to-back increases are large. The move up in 2021 represented more of catch up after pandemic losses of 2020 - oil prices fell into negative territory in April 2020 as producers had to pay buyers to store unwanted oil. Recent ⬆️ due to surge in demand and low supply.
This is only one aspect of inflation that household are enduring. The shift will eliminate the excess saving generated by pandemic and stimulus payments, esp in bottom half of earners. The blow to lowest quarter of earnings particularly hard.
Read 8 tweets
Feb 22
Russia/Ukraine Crisis and the Federal Reserve:

1) For now, crisis is more inflationary than disinflationary.
2) Timing couldn’t be worse; adding fuel to an already burning fire on inflation; risks of inflation becoming more entrenched just went up.
3)Those shifts in the absence of financial market turbulence make the Fed likely to follow through on rate hikes. But, we do have financial market turbulence.
4) What would cause the Fed to stop rate hikes and worry about financial markets more? A seizure in financial markets.
5) A credit market seizure would be far worse than a Fed tightening, rate hikes - hoping that doesn’t happen.
6) Fed doesn’t have a good history of fighting inflation without going too far on rate hikes. They won’t know they have gone too far until it is too late.
Read 5 tweets

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