Pierre Ferragu Profile picture
Apr 14 6 tweets 5 min read
A short thread on accelerated computing. How $TSLA's #Dojo, $GOOG's #TPU #Cerebras's #WSE-2, #Graphcore's #IPU, and others compare to $NVDA 's #GPU. This is an extract of work we published a few weeks ago. 👇1/6
It is difficult to compare chips. Designing a chip is all about managing trade-offs between multiple dimensions. A chip has limited potential resources and the architect allocates them over these multiple dimensions. 2/6 Image
With this framework in mind, one sees alternatives to #GPU have fundamentally different architectures, favoring the flow of data across the chip vs. the flow of data between the memory and the chip. 3/6 Image
These chips, and in particular $TSLA 's #Dojo, can move data across an order of magnitude faster than a #GPU, but this comes at a high cost: lack of flexibility: data can flow that fast only under hard constraints: e.g. neighbor to neighbor or during a data transfer phase) 4/6 Image
Implications: $TSLA 's neural net will run on #Dojo 5-10x faster than on #GPUs. Major advantage for Tesla, learning overnight vs. every week; but Dojo is no threat to $NVDA's #GPU: Too inflexible for others to adopt, and will always materially lag GPUs in terms of ecosystems. 5/6
This is only a very tiny extract of the research we do. If you are an institutional investor and are interested in our work, please reach out! 6/6

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More from @p_ferragu

Jan 25
Quick thread of $TSLA Dojo vs. $FB Meta’s RSC 👇👇👇Fun side note, as I write a note comparing architectures: Microsoft doesn’t even recognize the word exascale in its dictionary. They are running behind big time! 😂
More seriously: in a single tweet - RSC will be 5x larger than Dojo in terms of computing power, but an order of magnitude behind on through-bandwidth per transistor. Details 👇👇
This metric (that I invented tonight) is the key. Exaflops are not equal. You need to turn them into useful exaflops, feeding them with the right data at the right time. For that you need bandwidth and low latency between compute units.
Read 8 tweets
Oct 25, 2021
Hertz Buying 100k Tesla, my quick take: 👇
1) @ $42k per car, probably no discount, and it makes sense, why would Tesla sell at a discount while they won't be able to meet fully demand for years?
2) Hertz is the most cost-conscious car buyer in the world. Hertz picking Tesla means only one thing: no other manufacturer come close on total cost of ownership.
Read 5 tweets
Sep 14, 2021
Some have asked me to be more specific. Quick thread, below. Not my area of expertise, so probably a lot of nonsense & ignorance, but my views at this point in time. In increasing order of importance and specificity; go to the bottom. for the full picture.
1) Taxing corporate is taxing everybody, competitive dynamics analysis shows tax hike gets into end-product price. Those spending more of their total income, i.e. not the richest ar hurt the most. This is govt taking more money not at all redistributing it towards the poorest.
2) Not taxing the super-rich friends making tax-shielded money, but only the upper middle folks, making real good money (>$400k), out of a real job or a real business they own. It is a) ethically wrong, demagogic, and divisive; b) counter-productive: fosters tax-shield strategies
Read 5 tweets
Aug 26, 2021
I have tried to figure out why $TSLA designed Dojo instead of using #Cerebras last night. I almost lost sleep on it and I don't have an answer yet. Any input welcome. Thread delow for where I stand.👇
1 - a fan out wafer of Dojo and a wafer-scale chip of Cerebras have similar transistor density (~2.5 Trillions). Dojo claims 9 PFLOPS BF16, Cerebras 2.5 PFLOPS half precision, which is about equivalent, I think. (3+X ratio between the two is fair-same as FP32/64 ratio on Ampere)
2 - Dojo plans to scale out to ~120 Wafers to get to Exascale. Cerebras announced yesterday at Hotchips 192. Both configurations are similar, and deliver exascale compute. Both architecture should be able to go beyond that if needed as well.
Read 7 tweets
Aug 20, 2021
I was pretty excited to watch $INTC 's Architecture day yesterday - very cool upcoming parts. Intel is definitely coming back…. then I watched $TSLA 's AI day… OMG... How will others compete with them on any autonomy use case? 👇Thread
1 -Tesla has created the most advanced SW architecture for perception, with recurring neural nets refining in real time and selectively their environment, with spacial and temporal queuing - exactly like we humans do. @dileeplearning @karpathy - you guys should talk!
2 -The above requires monster infrastructure to gather relevant video streams and label them for training. Tesla has a million cars on the road and INTEGRATED semi-auto labeling with >1,000 labelers. This is a key success factor. The above is impossible without it:
Read 11 tweets
May 21, 2021
The long awaited cash return on operating asset tweetstorm: $TSLA and $TSLAQ, anyone interested in investing and evaluating the FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT TO MAKE MONEY™ of a business should read this - our research on Tesla’s profitability is in the thread as well👇👇👇👇👇0 / 11
1 - What makes a right to make money™ ? Your ability to 1) invest some money into an operating asset 2) burn some cash to operate the asset and 3) generate cash from selling the resulting product or service, in excess of cash spent on running operations.
2 - A right to make money™ is more than a competitive advantage. It is a competitive advantage at producing something, which meets a need. which is valued at more than your cost of producing it. This is profound - as @elonmusk would say.
Read 14 tweets

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