Mosques are adorned beautifully, with coloured mosaics & tiles. This is believed to reflect the divine beauty of the universe. For this reason, the artistry of mosaics are regarded as an expression of faith
For Ramadan, here are 24 mosaics in Mosques around the world
A thread…
1/ Mosaic from the Jāmeh Mosque of Isfahān, Iran
Also known as the Friday Mosque of Isfahān (مسجد جمعه). The mosque is the result of continual construction, reconstruction, additions & renovations on the site from around 771 to the end of the 20th century #Ramadan
2/ Mosaic from The Gūr-i Amīr, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Built in 1404, by Timur. It has an important place in the history of Central Asian Architecture, & influenced Mughal architecture, including Gardens of Babur in Kabul, Humayun's Tomb in Delhi & the Taj Mahal in Agra #Ramadan
3/ Mosaic from The Nasir al-Mulk Mosque, Shiraz, Iran
Built in 1888. It is located near Shāh Chérāgh Mosque. It was built during Qajar dynasty rule of Iran. The designers were Mohammad Hasan-e-Memār, Mohammad Hosseini Shirazi, and Mohammad Rezā Kāshi-Sāz-e-Širāzi #Ramadan
4/ Mosaic from St Petersburg Mosque, Russia
When opened in 1913, it was the largest mosque in Europe outside Turkey. The architect Nikolai Vasilyev patterned the mosque after Gur-e-Amir, the tomb of Tamerlane in Samarkand. The mosque can accommodate 5000 worshippers #Ramadan
5/ Mosaic from The Sultanahmet Mosque (Sultanahmet Camii)
Built between 1609 & 1617 it is known as the Blue Mosque because of the blue tiles used to decorate its interior. Commissioned by Sultan Ahmet I as a monument that would rival the Hagia Sophia #Ramadan
6/ Mosaic from Khodja Akhror Madrasah, Uzbekistan
In 1630 the Samarkand ruler Nodir Divan Begi ordered to build near the grave of Khodja Akhror (who was the leader of the Sufi order Naqshbandiya) the mosque & madrassah #Ramadan
7/ Mosaic from The Imām ‘Alī Mosque, Najaf, Iraq
First built by the Iranian ruler the Daylamite Fannakhosraw Azod ad Dowleh in 977. After being destroyed by fire, it was rebuilt by the Seljuk Malik Shah I in 1086, & rebuilt again by the Safavid Shah Ismail I in 1500 #Ramadan
8/ Mosaic from The Hassan II Mosque, Casablanca, Morocco
Completed in 1993, it was designed by Michel Pinseau under the guidance of King Hassan II and built by Moroccan artisans from all over the kingdom. It is the second largest mosque in Africa #Ramadan
9/ Mosaic from The Wazir Khan Mosque, Lahore, Pakistan
Construction began in 1634 and was completed in 1641 This mosque was commissioned during the reign of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan as part of an ensemble of buildings that included the nearby Shahi Hammam baths #Ramadan
10/ Mosaic from The Sayyidah Ruqayyah Mosque, Damascus, Syria
The mosque was built in 1985 around the mausoleum of Rukayyah bint Husayn, and exhibits a modern version of Iranian architecture, with substantial amount of mirror and gold work #Ramadan
11/ Mosaic from The Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque, Muscat, Oman
In 1992, Qaboos bin Said al Said, the then Sultan of Oman, directed that his country should have a Grand Mosque, construction commenced in December 1994. It took six years and seven months to complete #Ramadan
12/ Mosaic from The Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Completed in 2007, the architect Yusef Abdelki took inspiration from Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi Mosque in Alexandria, Badshahi Mosque in Lahore, & other Persian, Mughal & Indo-Islamic architecture #Ramadan
13/ Mosaic from Shah Mosque on Imam Square, Isfahan, Iran
The mosque is also known as Imam Mosque and Jaame' Abbasi Mosque. It is one of the masterpieces of Iranian/Persian Architecture and an excellent example of Islamic era architecture of Iran #Ramadan
14/ Mosaic from The Badshahi Mosque, Lahore, Pakistan
It was constructed by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb between 1671 and 1673 and was the largest mosque in the world from 1673 to 1986. The exterior is decorated with carved red sandstone with marble inlay #Ramadan
15/ Mosaic from al-Darwishiyeh Mosque, Damascus, Syria
Constructed between 1572 & 1575 by the Ottoman governor of Damascus (دمشق), Darwish Pasha. His tomb is in a small octagonal domed building on the southern side of the complex, joined to the mosque by an arch #Ramadan
16/ Mosaic from Baba Tahi, north-western part of Hamadan, Iran
Seljuk period. The inner part of the mausoleum is decorated with 24 marble slabs inscribed by 24 of Baba Tahir’s poems in black calligraphy. The most striking part is the tile decoration under the ceiling #Ramadan
17/ Mosaic from Fatima Mausomeh, Qom, Iran
Built in 16th century. The mosque consists of a burial chamber, three courtyards and three large prayer halls, totalling an area of 38,000 m2 (410,000 sq ft). The three prayer halls are named: Tabātabā'ī, Bālā Sar, and A‘dham #Ramadan
18/ Mosaic from The Grand Mosque of Paris, France
In 1926, the Mosque was officially inaugurated. It was built to symbolize the friendship between France and Islam, but it also served to commemorate the thousands of Muslims who fought and died for France in World War I #Ramadan
19/ Mosaic from The Jāmeh Mosque of Yazd, Iran
The 14th-century mosque is still in use today. It was built under Ala'oddoleh Garshasb of Al-e Bouyeh dynasty. The mosque was largely rebuilt between 1324 & 1365 & is one of the outstanding 14th century buildings of Iran #Ramadan
20/ Mosaic from Mir-i-Arab Madrasa in Bukhara, Uzbekistan
Constructed by the Shaibanid ruler Ubaydullah-khan (r. 1534-39). Its name, Mir-i Arab, literally means "Prince of the Arabs" and refers to Sheikh Abdullah Yamani of Yemen #Ramadan
21/ The Blue Mosque, or Aqsunqur Mosque, Cairo, Egypt
The largest mosque in the district. Built in 1347 by Amir Aqsunqur, it incorporates a mausoleum & courtyard for prayer. The interior is decorated with these beautiful blue Iznik tiles from Istanbul & Damascus #Ramadan
22/ Mosaic from Markazi Jamia Masjid, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
One of the oldest mosques in Rawalpindi and an architectural beauty. Built almost 100 years ago, the mosque still stands tall among historical sites of the city due to its mosaics and glass artwork #Ramadan
23/ Mosaic from Uzbekistan
The beautiful turquoise & azure tile mosaics adorning historic mosques, is a highlight of Uzbekistan. Such as the ceramic-tiled walls of Tash Khauli in Khiva; the azure tile designs on the Registan madrassas and Shah-i-Zinda in Samarkand #Ramadan
24/ Mosaic from Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem, Palestine
Located in the Old City of Jerusalem, it is the 3rd holiest site in Islam. It was built on top of the Temple Mount, known as the Al Aqsa Compound or Haram esh-Sharif in Islam #Ramadan
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Muslim civilisations played a major role in inspiring the growth of the glass industry from the 8th century onwards. Mosques & cities were transformed into beautiful spaces richly decorated with glass.
Here are 24 Islamic buildings & mosques, with stained glass…
A thread…
1/ Stained glass window at The Şemsi Pasha Mosque, Turkey
Designed by Ottoman imperial architect Mimar Sinan in 1581 for Grand Vizier Şemsi Pasha. It is one of the most attractive mosques in the city & a celebrated example of the chief architect's skills.
2/ Stained glass windows at The Nasir al-Mulk Mosque, Iran
Constructed between 1876 & 1888, during the Qajar dynasty, which ruled Iran from 1785 to 1925. It has been dubbed the “Pink Mosque” due to the plethora of pink-colored tiles blanketing the ceiling
In Islam, Hajj is the annual pilgrimage made to the Kaaba, the ‘House of God’ in the city of Mecca. The Kaaba is covered in a Kiswah — a black silk cloth, exquisitely embroidered in gold
Every year, artisans work on creating a new Kiswah
A thread on the art of making the Kiswah
1/ The Kiswah is the cloth that covers the Kaaba. The term Kiswah means ‘robe’ & is also known as the ‘Ghilaf’. Hanging the Kiswah, a huge piece of black silk embroidered with gold patterns & verses from the Quran, over the Kaaba symbolises the start of the Hajj pilgrimage season
2/ Meaning cube in Arabic, the Kaaba is a square building unlike almost any other religious structure. It is fifteen meters tall and ten and a half meters on each side; its corners roughly align with the cardinal directions.
‘Traveling leaves you speechless, then turns you into a storyteller’
- Ibn Battuta
The most famous explorer in the Muslim World, Ibn Battuta, travelled more than any other explorer in pre-modern history - around 117,000 km!
A thread on the 14th century explorer Ibn Battuta…
1/ Ibn Battuta was born in 1304 CE in Tangier, Morocco. His travelogue the Rihla is his most important work. His journeys in the Rihla lasted for a period of almost thirty years, covering nearly the whole of the known Islamic world & beyond.
2/ Ibn Battuta travelled more than any other explorer in pre-modern history, surpassing Zheng He with 50,000 km (31,000 mi) and Marco Polo with 24,000 km. His total distance travelled was approximately 117,000 km (73,000 mi) (15,000 mi).
The Qur’an was first revealed during the month of Ramadan. This blessed month is also known by Muslims as the month of Fasting
To celebrate the arrival of #Ramadan here are 24 beautiful Qur’anic manuscripts found in museum collections across the world #RamadanMubarak
A thread…
1/ Folio from a Manuscript of the Qur'an
Iran, Shiraz, 1550-1575
Ink, colors and gold on paper
@LACMA #Ramadan
@LACMA 2/ Double Folio from a Qur'an
c. 1330-1350, Central Asian or Turkish
Early Muslim settlers from central and western Asia carried Islamic book traditions into India, especially in the form of Qur'ans, such as the one from which these pages come
Shah-i-Zinda is one Samarkand’s most beloved sites, which contains some of the richest tile work in the world. The magnificent architecture draws inspiration from multiple periods & styles, taking you back through time & across cultures
A thread on the beauty of Shah-i-Zinda…
1/ The Shah-i-Zinda ensemble includes mausoleums, mosques & other ritual buildings of 11-15th & 19th centuries. The name Shah-i-Zinda (meaning The living king) is connected with the legend that Qutham ibn Abbas, a cousin of the Prophet Muhammad PBUH is buried here
📷 Ash Diler
2/ Shah-i-Zinda is a world-famous example of a continuously constructed historical site. Over 1,000 years ago, it was founded with a single religious monument. Between the 11th & 19th centuries, mosques & mausoleums were continuously added
From Spain to Azerbaijan, to Germany to Bosnia, Europe has some of the finest mosques.
The presence of Islam in Europe is not a new phenomenon, with Muslims residing in the continent as early as the 8th century.
Here are 24 mosques across Europe #JummahMubarak
A thread…
1/ Koski Mehmed-Pasha Mosque, Mostar, Bosnia
Dates back to 1617 & features numerous multicolored windows, a minaret with a lookout spot & a courtyard with several tombs. Although the original Ottoman mosque was heavily damaged during the attacks of the 1990s it has been restored
2/ The Shah Jahan Mosque, Woking, England
This is the first purpose built mosque that was built in the UK.
It was built in 1889 by Dr Gottlieb Wilhelm Leitner, an orientalist of Jewish descent from Hungary. Money was donated by Begum Shah Jahan, the Nawab Begum of Bhopal.