By now, many will have seen the video of a Ukrainian drone dropping a small bomb through the sunscreen (!) of a car driven by Russian soldiers. Here's a short thread on how it was done (with thanks to @ian_matveev, on whose thread this is based). /1
For the attack, a modified VOG-17 grenade was used. A fin and a front part, created on a 3D printer, are added. The VOG-17 is a Soviet-era 30x120 mm fragmentation grenade with a claimed effective radius of 7m, covering an area of about 150 m². /2
It weighs about 350g (12.3oz) A hobbyist drone like a DJI Phantom 3 is easily capable of carrying one of these. As two grenades were used in this attack, it suggests that a bigger drone was used, two drones were used or the same drone was used to attack twice in succession. /3
The modifications to the grenade are simple, but as the video shows, they enable good aerodynamic performance and high accuracy. /4
The VOG-17 grenade itself contains only 36g (1.2oz) of explosive and can't seriously damage equipment. But there is a lot of such ammunition in Ukraine. It's usually fired from an AG-17 automatic grenade launcher, a Soviet equivalent of the US Mk 19. /5
Low-cost hobbyist drones armed with small modified grenades provide a cheap and effective weapon against individual soldiers. Factions in Syria and Iraq used them to some extent, but they've really come into their own in Ukraine. /6
But how do you destroy an armoured vehicle with an off-the-shelf drone? Ukraine appears to have been using a few different approaches. One of the most effective has been to repurpose the RKG-3, an old Soviet-era type of anti-tank grenade dating to 1950. /7
In 2020, Ukraine's PJSC Mayak Plant demonstrated a drone bomb conversion for the RKG-3 - attaching 3D-printed fins to convert it into the RKG-1600. It weighs about 1kg (2 lb), requiring the use of a larger drone. /8
During testing, drone pilots were able to hit a target 1m (3ft) in size from an altitude of 300m (900 ft). At that altitude the drone would have been virtually invisible and inaudible. /9
Another tactic appears to be the use of what are likely to be aerially-dropped mortar rounds - a very simple and cheap option, particularly against weakly armoured vehicles such as these Russian BMP-3s (with only about 10mm of top armour). /10
The effect of these can be seen in the video below. /11
The cost-effectiveness of these things is extraordinary. An octocopter drone costs maybe $10k, a Phantom 3 costs around $500. A mortar or RKG-1600 probably costs under $100. Each BMP-3 cost the Russians $796k. Add to that the potential cost of a lost crew. /12
You can bet that military strategists will be watching this with great interest. Drones are now able to effectively snipe soldiers and equipment with great precision, likely undetected, at any time of the day or night and in most weather conditions. /13
Even if you're camouflaged, bivouacked or behind the front lines, a drone armed with a small bomb could be overhead at any moment. Drone pilots are the new snipers of the 21st century, and are likely to be just as much feared by their targets. /end
An extra point about how effective those converted anti-tank grenades (RKG-1600) are: the most recent models of the base RKG-3 grenade can penetrate 220 mm of rolled homogeneous armour. That's more than enough to take out a tank, as this video shows:
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
1/ Economic distress in Russia is being reflected in a sharp increase from 1 July 2025 in tariffs for housing and municipal services – by up to 40% in some regions. This comes on top of steadily higher tariffs in 2023 and 2024, with an accelerating yearly level of price rises. ⬇️
2/ ASTRA reports that tariffs in the regions will increase by between 8.6% in Amur to 21.1% in Perm. Moscow's tariffs will rise by 15%, the surrounding Moscow Region by 13.3% and St. Petersburg by 14.6%.
3/ Some local authorities can impose their own increases independently of the framework established by the central government. Thus Omsk is increasing its tariffs by 39.6%, and Izhevsk by 38%.
1/ Russians who have lost arms, legs or eyes are being sent into assaults in Ukraine, with little chance of survival. Despite severe injuries, they are either being denied a fitness assessment or are arbitrarily being rated fit. The men call themselves "meat on crutches". ⬇️
2/ A Russian soldier has spoken of his experiences with a so-called 'cripple battalion' – a unit comprised of injured soldiers, which rather than recuperating or being allowed to heal or get treatment, is sent to the front line to take part in fresh assaults.
3/ 37-year-old Anton Savchenko from Tyumen – an ethnic Ukrainian with many relatives in Ukraine – volunteered to go to war in October 2024, saying that he "had to help". However, he soon regretted it, according to his relatives. Within less than a month, he had lost his left eye.
1/ Tens of gigabytes of secret data on Russia's strategic electronic warfare systems has been hacked by the pro-Ukrainian Russian Volunteer Corps (RDK). They say that Russia's EW shield is "not just fragile - it's full of holes" due to multiple flaws and vulnerabilities. ⬇️
2/ Two weeks ago, the RDK announced that it had obtained a large quantity of data on Russia's EW systems, including technical specifications, diagrams, official correspondence, equipment setup methods, drawings, test reports, and functional information.
3/ RDK commander 'Fortuna' says that "We got more than just the external appearance. We see the internal logic, architecture, connections between nodes, we know who designed it, which companies supplied the units, which research institutes are responsible for the developments."
1/ Russian soldiers have now been serving for a longer time than any involuntarily mobilised Russian or Soviet troops since 1888, during the Tsarist period nearly 140 years ago. Not surprisingly, this has led many to complain of 'slavery'. ⬇️
2/ The author of the 'Shelter No. 8' Telegram channel is a Russian soldier who joined the army in 2021. As he points out, the 3 years and 9 months he has served so far is approaching a new record for involuntary service since the end of the Tsarist period.
3/ "In Tsarist Russia, with the introduction of conscription, they served in the infantry:
- In 1881-1888 - 5 years.
- In 1888-1906 - 4 years
- I am here with my 3 years and 9 months.
- From 1906 to 1918, they served in the infantry for 3 years.
1/ Russia is reportedly sustaining exceptionally high casualties in its offensive against the Sumy region of Ukraine. A warblogger says that the battlefield is strewn with Russian bodies. Those who survive are reportedly treated as deserters and told they should have died. ⬇️
2/ 'Belarusian Silovik' writes: "Today I watched several videos filmed by our group, which was semi-encircled in the area of Oleksiivka-Andiivka in the Sumy direction. What meat there is. All the forest plantations are [covered] in bodies."
3/ A soldier with the 40th Separate Guards Marine Brigade (military unit 10103) says that commanders are sending men into suicidal assaults, resulting in casualties as high as 92%, treat those who survive as deserters, and tell them they should have died.
1/ Manpower shortages mean that Russia is sending scarce aerospace specialists, such as aircraft mechanics, to fight as front line infantry. However, these 'Space Marines' – as they are sarcastically termed by the Russians – are even more poorly supplied than usual. ⬇️
2/ A commentary by the Fighterbomber Telegram channel highlights the problems that the 'Space Marines' are facing. Because they are not associated with particular regions, they have difficulties accessing the 'humanitarian aid' that most army units depend on.
3/ "Explanations have arrived as to why the VKS [Aerospace Forces] space marines were left out in the cold in terms of humanitarian aid and on the residual principle with support from the Ministry of Defence.