Alexander Stubb Profile picture
May 1 12 tweets 3 min read
There is a general misconception in Europe and the US that the war in Ukraine is only about Russia and the ”West”. It is not. Ramifications are broader - also about the West and the ”Rest”. This 10 point thread 🧵 looks at some of the reactions around the world.

1/10
There was a sigh of relief when 141 states voted against Russia in the @UN. Certainly not a bad outcome, but reality is that many of those votes were ”soft”. And that the 35 abstaining members represent over half of the worlds population. Picture more complex than numbers.

2/10
When I talk with my friends outside of Europe and the US, things look different. It is not about indifference, but a sentiment that this is ”your war, not ours”. That it concerns the West, but has reprecussions on the rest of the world - for ex. price of food and energy.

3/10
There are many reasons why the world is not united in condemning Russia. About loyalties and interests, but also resentment: history (colonialism), climate change (polluters), Covid (vax distribution), asylum (indifference) and institutions (representation).

4/10
A more serious concern is linked to Western hypocrisy. A feeling that the West tries to have a cake and eat it too. Not a fan of whataboutism, but if you want to project a rules based world order, then you have to live as you preach. And we don’t - ICC, Iraq, Libya, etc.

5/10
Reactions of members of the @_AfricanUnion are telling. Sentiment that the conflict is a continum of tensions between Russia & the West. Thus best stay non-aligned. African nations correctly point out that territorial integrity was not exactly a priority of colonial powers.

6/10
India sits on the fence. It is a member of the Quad with the US, Australia and Japan. At the same time it is one of the biggest arms importers from Russia and has to have its eye on issues linked to Pakistan and territorial integrity. Thus the abstention in the UN.

7/10
Latin American countries have been split in their response. Most supporting Ukraine, defending non-intervention and self-determination. A minority arguing that Russia is legitimately responding to the expansion of NATO.

8/10
Debates in both Asia and the Middle-East are heavily reliant on interests, including alliances and energy. They are often linked to political or economic commitments to the US and/or China. Yet another example of flexible, rather than rigid alliances.

9/10
The point with this 🧵, is to warn about ”Eurocentrisism”. The danger of making an assumption that Russia is globally isolated or condemned. It is not. Thus important for the West to step back, learn a lesson, and reflect about its own role in the new world of disorder.

10/10
Bonus: Instead of asking the rest of the world to pick sides, perhaps it is time to sit down together and think about what a new world order, based on common rules, could look like? Difficult? Yes. Impossible? No. Likely? Don’t think so.

END
And just for the record: just because I try to explain reactions around the world does not mean I agree with them. Most of the time I don’t, but important to try to understand the world outside our own bubble.

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More from @alexstubb

Apr 28
The North Atlantic Treaty Alliance has received much attention during the war in Ukraine. Reason is self-evident: Russia feeds a narrative of Nato as its #1 nemesis and threat. Time thus to provide a 10 point thread 🧵about @NATO, FINLAND 🇫🇮 and SWEDEN 🇸🇪.

1/10
The war in Ukraine is not about Nato, it is about values. Vladimir Putin is an authoritarian tyrant who cannot stand liberal democracy and the free world. He wants to keep Ukraine in Russia’s sphere of interest and uses a possible Nato membership as a pretext for war.

2/10
For Putin’s Russia the mere existence of Nato is a problem. Most of it is linked to the fact that Russia has not been able to deal with its communist and imperialist past. Nato was created as a repellant to the Soviet Union and it won the Cold War without firing a shot.

3/10
Read 11 tweets
Apr 26
We live in a world in which everything can be used as an instrument of power. Things that are supposed to bring us together can also drive us apart. This thread 🧵 is about ten key INSTRUMENTS of power of the 21st Century.

0/10
The first, and most self-evident, is military - conventional and non-conventional. It is mostly about expenditure, size and capability. But also equipment, quality, and experience. Technology gives an edge with the new instruments of war - drones, cyber and AI.

1/10
Second, the economy. Think beyond size, competition or GDP per capita. More about how you can use the economy as an instrument of power. Export controls, sanctions and data regulation are useful tools. Also currencies, financial flows and reserves, useful tools.

2/10
Read 12 tweets
Apr 22
This 10 point thread goes beyond the war in Ukraine. Focus on POWER in the 21st Century. Fallacy that power is somehow static and concentrated. It is actually varied and diluted. In reality power oscillates like Foucoult’s pendulum, different directions, at different times.

1/10
In Int’l Rel we often talk about hard, soft and smart power - coercive, attractive and holistic. We also talk about global or regional powers - big, middle and small. These are ways to explain, understand and categorise power between states, in terms of influence or status.

2/10
We used to think that power was all about size and military might. And to a certain extent it was, but power was also about the economy, culture, science, technology, natural resources and many other things which were not necessarily linked to size or war.

3/10
Read 11 tweets
Apr 5
This ten point thread is about the role of the US 🇺🇸 in the war in Ukraine. It should be read in conjunction with the six previous threads - GENERAL, WORLD, EUROPE, FINLAND, RUSSIA and CHINA. The next thread will be on SWEDEN.

0/10
The United States has been the bedrock of European security since WWII. As a founder of NATO, a nuclear power and a permanent member of the UN, its military presence in Europe was vital during the Cold War and in its aftermath.

1/10
The Transatlantic partnernship between the US and Europe has always been based on both values and interests. Common values - democracy, freedom and capitalism - are the base. Common interests - power, security and wealth - are the motivation.

2/10
Read 12 tweets
Mar 31
This ten point thread is about CHINA’s 🇨🇳 role in the war in Ukraine. It should be read in conjunction with the five previous threads - GENERAL, WORLD, EUROPE, FINLAND and RUSSIA. The next thread will be on the US.

0/10
The war in Ukraine is a distraction for China. President Xi Jinping, whom I have met in one-on-one meetings twice when he was Vice President, would prefer to have all eyes on the upcoming party congress and managing China’s zero-Covid policy.

1/10
Having said that, the war in Ukraine might also be a useful distraction for Beijing. It takes away attention from the ongoing US-China rivalry. It will also reinforce the domestic narrative that democracy is an unstable form of governance.

2/10
Read 11 tweets
Mar 27
This ten point thread is about RUSSIA 🇷🇺. It should be read in conjunction with the four previous threads - GENERAL, WORLD, EUROPE and FINLAND - on the same subject. The next thread will be on the US or CHINA.

1/10
When you are born and raised in country with 1340km of border with Russia, you quickly realise that your security cannot be detached from history and geography. For us Russia is an aggressive, imperial power. This is the starting point of our thinking.

2/10
It is a lot easier to talk tough about an aggressor when you do not live next to it. Essentially, it is a balancing act of idealism and realism. In order to exist you have to cooperate. In order to survive you have to be prepared to defend.

3/10
Read 11 tweets

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