Hannah Davis Profile picture
May 18 8 tweets 4 min read
Big #LongCovid paper out with a lot of new insights (n=78k)!

-76% of LC patients were not hospitalized (!!)
-82% of female patients non-hospitalized vs 68% males
-36-50 year olds were the highest risk age group
-59.8% of patients female; 46.2% male

s3.amazonaws.com/media2.fairhea…

1/
-31% had no pre-existing condition

-Heartbeat irregularities were more common in age 13-22 (possibly dysautonomia)

-Myopathies (diseases that affect the muscles that control voluntary movement) were 11.1x more common in #LongCovid compared to the same population pre-COVID!

2/
On average, patients with #LongCovid had higher
HHS-HCC risk scores after COVID-19 than before.

HHS-HCC risk scores identify which patients are likely to consume more healthcare resources & incur more healthcare-related costs in the long run.

3/
Of everyone diagnosed with a #LongCovid code, the most common age range was 36-50.

4/
As other studies have found, there is a gender difference, but it heavily depends on age group! For children under 12 and adults over 50, the chance of getting #LongCovid is almost equal between male and female patients.

5/
Obstructive sleep apnea was the most common sleeping diagnosis, which seems weird to me. Wonder if any of these are actually central apnea?

6/
A few diagnoses were highlighted as uncommon but potentially serious, with a large difference between pre- & post-COVID.

These included myopathies (11.1x more common), diseases affecting the interstitium (4.8x more), pulmonary embolism (2.6x), other brain disorders (2x).

7/
Breakdown of "other disorders of the brain", which seems to be ME/CFS-type manifestations, metabolic encephalopathy, and encephalopathy.

8/

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More from @ahandvanish

Apr 7
New paper on recovery and symptom changes in #LongCovid shows recovery is infrequent. Findings:

-Of Long Covid patients who were still sick at 2 months, only 15% recovered by 1 year!

-Of those who thought they were better, 33% subsequently relapsed.

nature.com/articles/s4146…

1/
-53 symptoms were tracked. Over the first year, 27 symptoms decreased, 18 symptoms remained stable, and 8 symptoms increased. #LongCovid

-This mirrors our data from 2020:

2/
#LongCovid symptoms that increased the most over time (in order):

neck/back pain
paraesthesia
ear pain
bone/joint pain
hair loss
blurred vision
leg swelling/heavy legs
swelling of hands/feet

This is a clue & should be researched further!

3/
Read 7 tweets
Mar 19
How does being vaccinated impact the risk of #LongCovid?

A thread on 8 studies (I'll add to it as I find more):

1/
The summary: vaccination definitely seems to reduce the risk of #LongCovid, often by 40-50%.

*But* solidly 9.5%-14% of breakthroughs still result in Long Covid.

These figures make sense to me, given the estimated rate of LC in unvaccinated people (~10-30%).

2/
A caveat: many of these studied people who had been vaccinated relatively recently, so as always, we can expect these findings to change a bit as immunity wanes.

3/
Read 17 tweets
Mar 15
Is anyone studying post-COVID ossification disorders?

This paper is fascinating - they found elevated cytokines contributed to an ossification disorder called OPLL.

(The cytokines: IL-6, IL-1a, basic fibroblast growth factor, & RANTES). #MEspine

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34919077/
cc @jenbrea @Be_Kinderr you may be interested!
Adding a few related links:

"Immunological Contribution to Heterotopic Ossification Disorders"



2/
Read 7 tweets
Mar 10
There's a big reality gap right now between people who are actively staying on top of COVID research & those who just trust the current guidelines. There's no judgment here, but I'd like to try to communicate the worldview of the former based on what we know about COVID now:

1/
The US has chosen to prioritize the economy despite strong, countless studies that COVID harms many people, even those without #LongCovid or hospitalization. COVID predominantly affects the *vascular* system (the blood vessels), causing harm to the blood cells & blood flow;

2/
this has a downstream impact on nerves, immune system, & multiple organs, including the brain. Vaccination prevents against death, but not against long term damage.

3/
Read 17 tweets
Mar 10
More evidence that you're not out of the woods if you initially recover from COVID!

In a group of COVID patients, 43% had *delayed* onset of cognitive #LongCovid (1-6 months after infection). The delay was associated with a *younger* age (average 39).

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/artic… 1/
This supports our @patientled data showing that the onset of neurological #LongCovid symptoms often happen later after the acute onset, especially between 1-3 months later:



2/
From the first paper: "Mechanisms that may have a delayed onset include microvascular injury, persistent immune activation, and a post‐infectious autoimmune response." #LongCovid

3/
Read 5 tweets
Feb 11
I think a lot of people assume #LongCovid is a continuation of the acute COVID symptoms, that just take a long time to get over.

In reality it is an often delayed onset of *new* neurological, immunological, cardiovascular, and systemic symptoms.

1/
We know a lot about #LongCovid by now. We know it has complex, multi-systemic, interlinking causes, including microclots, deformed blood cells, immune system dysfunction, dysfunction of mitochondria (which are responsible for energy production - dysfunction is a big deal!)

2/
We know enough about #LongCovid to know it's not a simple illness, & is causing major systems of the body to become dysfunctional in ways that medicine is not yet advanced enough to fix.

We know for many manifestations, incl dysautonomia, microclots, ME/CFS, there is no cure. 3/
Read 7 tweets

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