Map of spatial distribution of plague outbreak in Europe, and Northern Africa, 1347–1760 AD. Plague outbreaks are related to the patterns of trade routes, both overland and maritime, and also major trade ports in pre-industrial Europe.
“Cities with recorded plague outbreaks are marked with red dots, with the size of dots referring to the number of plague outbreak during the study period”
“The blue lines indicate the major trade route in early modern Europe. The black dots identify the locations of major trade ports with plague outbreak over the study period”
Thread on skin, eye, hair color on EHG (Eastern hunter gatherer), CHG (Caucasian hunter gatherer, EEF (Early European farmer), SHG ( Scandinavian hunter gatherer, WHG (Western hunter gatherer, PEHG (Palaeolithic European hunter-gatherers)
1. Eastern hunter gatherer.
The Karelian and Samaran Russian Mesolithic hunter gatherers [3] are currently the best representatives of a group of EHGs that migrated and admixed with WHGs to form SHGs.