A growing number of news media willing to embrace digital and able to offer distinct journalism in an incredibly competitive marketplace do well by doing good. But many struggle in an unforgiving winner-takes-most online environment, for example when it comes to subscriptions 2/9
While many commercially successful news media primarily serve audiences that are, crudely put, like me (affluent, highly educated, privileged etc) our findings document connection btw journalism and much of the public is fraying. Interest (and trust) is down,news avoidance up 3/9
More broadly, in many countries much of the public question whether the news media are independent of undue political or government influence. Even in very privileged countries, barely half say news media are independent of undue influence most of the time. 4/9
These issues are compounded by differences in how new generations use media – looking specifically at those under 25 we find much less interest in connecting directly with news media, different views on what journalism ought to look like, much heavier reliance on social media 5/9
Across markets 54% say they worry about identifying the difference btw what is real and fake on the internet when it comes to online news. More of those who say they mainly use social media as source of news (61%) are worried than among those who don’t use social at all (48%) 6/9
Despite these concerns, access to news continues to become more distributed.
Across all markets, less than a quarter (23%) prefer to start their news journeys with a website or app, down 9pp since 2018. Those aged 18–24 have an even weaker connection with websites and apps. 7/9
As publishers, but also individual journalists, seek to reach people via social media, in most countries, half or more of respondents feel journalists on social should stick to reporting the news. But sizable minority feel they should be allowed to express personal opinions. 8/9
Platforms do not control the means of production, but the means of connection, and they are powerless without partners
To understand their power we need to understand both reservations partners have and why they often embrace platforms nonetheless, continue to work with them 2/9
Platform power is an enabling, transformative, and productive form of power—and power nonetheless, tied to institutional and strategic interests of platform companies, often exercised in highly asymmetric ways
It goes beyond hard and soft power. We identify five main aspects 3/9
Question of what scale+scope of public service media is right, given risk of crowding out, popped up again. For citizens to decide, but research might be useful
For news specifically, @richrdfletcher and I found "no significant negative association between using public service news and paying for online news or expressing a willingness to pay for online news" using survey data from six countries tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.10… 2/4
When reviewing literature in 2016, we concluded it provided "little evidence for a negative market impact of public service media upon domestic private sector media. But the limited number of studies [means] there is no clear evidence-based consensus" reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/… 3/4
Will try to read a recently published piece of media/communications research every week and tweet about it on this thread. 2021/2022 principles same as last year (see thread below) - picked this up from @priyalalista and like her hope to broaden my horizons and promote good work.
"First, the source of the misleading information was linked to the ruling dispensation ... Second, the target [was] a critic of the government ... Third, the information was legitimised by mainstream media" @NeelanjanSircar writes in penetrating case study theindiaforum.in/article/disinf…
@NeelanjanSircar Sharing of content people later realize is exaggerated or made up is "fairly common" behavior on both FB & WA @patyrossini et al finds but "results suggest that those who share false information online are likely to be corrected by others in their network" journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14…
"Mainstream media spreads fake news". Provocative blog post, but important to recognize it summarizes a lot of empirical research by different teams using different methods and often identifying news media as key part of information disorder problems iffy.news/2021/mainstrea… 1/9
Nothing in that research absolves platforms+politicians from their share of responsibility
Still, lots of studies E.g. @_JenAllen "origins of public misinformedness and polarization are more likely to lie in the content of ordinary news [than] fakery" advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/14/e… 2/9
And @YarivTsfati et al "most people hear about fake news stories not from fake news websites but through their coverage in mainstream news outlets" tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.10… 3/9
Fighting misinformation in evidence-based ways requires paying attention to both what might be effective, and what the public sees as credible. My talk at @STGEUI et al Fighting Misinformation Online Summit 2021 today here , a few slides in thread 1/4
First, across 20 EU countries covered in our 2021 @risj_oxford Digital News Report, 53% (!) of internet users say they are concerned about what is real and fake when it comes to news on the internet, so very widespread concern. 2/4
Second, given both qualitative and quantitative evidence suggests citizens understand info disorder is complex, and see platforms (esp FB), politicians, and (to a lesser extent) publishers part of the problem, not surprising that when asked-in 2018-they also expect all to act 3/4