HOW FINANCE IS HARD
Wheat is trading below where it was when the Ukraine war started.
Never fall for first order narratives.
{#FatTony made his fortune shorting oil after the First Gulf War.}
2) The mechanism: overadjustment to shortages. $$ to produce substitutes elsewhere, plus adaptation away from expensive product.
1973 oil shock led to slow adaptation [speed limits, smaller cars] => 1980s glut; today things are much, much faster.
4) A logical error is to focus on production costs. The problem can be mostly logistics. China dependence = Shipping.
An extreme example: a tomato at Cosco selling for $1 costs 7-18c at the farm, 1-3% end margin, so between 80-90% transportation, warehousing, perishability, etc.
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The classical city state model radiates from the city like blood vessels from the heart; as you more away, the fuzzier the demarcation & the smaller the interest by polities.
The nation state starts w/the border, its demarcation almost always defined by war & conflict.
2/ Ancient Cities had walls, hence gates: Puerta del Sol, Porta Maggiore, Porte Maillot, Bab Touma (Damascus), Bab Edris, Bab Tebbeneh, Bishopsgate, Moorgate... Some for military reasons, most for taxation: Paris kept "octroi" custom officers (douaniers) until 1943.
Clearly cities outgrew their gates, but many walls were torn down to prevent rebellions, particularly in the 19th C.
3/Where the idea came from: fractal self similarity.
2) The asymmetry: it is when you go against time that you must prove reliability, not the reverse. Why? Because nature & time have near infinite stat significance.
There is NO study showing LT health effects of consuming chemically extracted deodorized lubricants.
Follow the $$$
3) BTW the same thing I am saying abt the uncertainty of using seed oil applied to smoking at the time when people saw no evidence of harm.
You need separate cohorts for a long time to extract risk factors. Unlike smoking we can't control consumption of seed oil in modern life.
Advice to a university president.
In ~40 years in finance I've never see anyone hire an economist. We hire electrical engineers, quants, physicists...
The MD heals patients, the engineer builds bridges, the economist writes papers (used by other economists to write papers).
2/ Economists are usually employed by the public sectors: regulators & central banks where they hire one another.
Their knowledge is too weak for the real world.
3/ Economists, while being known to be totally useless in the private sector, proved great marketing skills in securing for themselves the highest academic salaries.
France: the unsustainable & unavoidable mutation of a standard industrial welfare state into a low-growth-high-debt museum welfare state with a medieval economy focused on handbags, cheese & wine, regardless of the "rightist" or "leftist"outcome.
2/ France: One reason the xenophobic statist group called the "right" is gaining is that poor immigrants are incompatible w/the new French museum state -ignoring that the high ratio of Asian tourists to population also harms the marketing oriented character of that new state.
3/ For those who still don't get the Pareto distr: 4/5 of largest French corps in capitalization, LVHM, LOréal, Hermès, & Dior are into #Lindy Medieval products.
(LVHM has > 3x the capitalization of Airbus which is not even formally French, 8x Dassault's, etc.)
There are physiological benefits from both a moderate amount of vigorous exercise & an immoderate amount of moderate exercise.
The cardiac risks come from moderate amount of moderate exercise & immoderate amount of vigorous exercise.
The logN matches the distributions in nature.
In their criticism of Attia in the New Yorker, both Emanuel and Dhruv did not seem to understand the data (nor its properties above).
½ hour/day of moderate exercise is INSUFFICIENT,
Data shows NO J curve for low-mod. ex., w/ continous drops in relative risk to at least 15h/w.
Turns out that the claim by Christians in Jerusalem that religious Jews spit on them is true. It is "tradition". I did not believe it (not good marketing to get support from America), but it turned out to be true.
My god.