• Launch Pod Container (LPC) for six MLRS or GMLRS
• Enclosure Assembly Launch Pod (EALP) for one ATACMS
From a distance the two look the same, as EALPs are dressed up to look like LPCs. Let's first look at LPCs. 1/n
Each LPC holds six metal tubes, each tube with one rocket.
LPC pods are recycled. Once the rockets are fired the pods are returned to Lockheed Martin's Camden facility in Arkansas and refilled with the current version of 227 mm diameter rocket (as of 2022 that is GMLRS, from 2/n
2023 it will be ER-GMLRS).
From close up LPC pods are easy to recognize: on the rear the six tubs protrude from the aluminium plate that holds them in place.
The photos below show US Army (photos 1-3) and Ukrainian Army M142 HIMARS loaded with GMLRS pods.
3/n
On the front side only the covers of the six rocket tubes protrude from the aluminium plate that holds them in place. And the covers are framed by a metal band.
ATACMS have a diameter of 610 mm, so only one fits in a pod.
Below a Lockheed Martin technician is working on a M39-series EALP that will be used to house an updated M57E1 ATACMS.
I drew some red arrows to highlight a grey band running around the ATACMS enclosure, because
5/n
this is where the fake plastic cover is screwed on.
These covers are painted black and then six flat rocket covers are glued on to make ATACMS' EALPs look like M28 training LPCs.
An enemy drone or recon team observing these from a distance will be fooled, but from 6/n
close up GMLRS LPCs and ATACMS EALPs are easy to distinguish.
The black lines on the plastic covers are the pre-cut breaking lines, that allow the ATACMS to easily punch through the back and front covers. 7/n
Once a crew has fired their GMLRS or ATACMS the rear of the pod clearly shows what ammo was used.
Below is a Ukrainian M142 after firing its six M31A1 GMLRS rockets.
If this would have been an ATACMS there would be now just one gaping hole (No photo of a used EALP exists). 8/n
So what do you do if you want to make sure no one knows you have received ATACMS missiles?
Well, you cover the rear of your M142 HIMARS carrying EALPs... and that is what Ukraine is doing now.
9/end
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This is a satellite image from Saki airbase. There are four craters visible, but crater size alone doesn't rule out or confirm what missiles were used.
This is because crater size depends on many factors: first on the missile type and how much and which explosive it carried. 1/8
But also the missile's impact speed & angle, and especially the fuze setting influences crater size: point detonating or delay leave different craters.
Then there is the soil. Earth, sand, concrete, asphalt, stone, etc. A point detonating fuze setting on concrete will leave
2/8
a small crater, but leave a huge, deep crater in soft soil; while a delay setting will leave a huge crater even when impacting on a concrete floor.
Crater size is also influenced by what is hit: ammo, fuel, buildings, etc. And again the fuze setting influences crater size:
3/8
is a business doing epoxy coating of aviation parts.
If this fin would have been manufactured in Germany, then the missile would be one of the AGM-88B Block IIIa of the Luftwaffe... but those are upgraded AGM-88B that retained Texas Instrument fins. Also the buyer of the
2/4
German AGM-88 was the "Waffensystemkommando der Luftwaffe" (CAGE Code: D3333), but on this fin the buyer is the US Navy's Naval Air Systems Command (CAGE Code: 30003).
So: a real, burnt out, worthless tail section of a AGM-88, with fake/ photoshopped data.
When US Air Force F-16CM Falcon or US Navy EA-18G Growler fighters fly Wild Weasel missions they use Self Protect mode.
In this mode the Falcon's AN/ASQ-213 HTS R7 (to the left of the air inlet) and the Growler's AN/ALQ-218(V)2 (on the wingtips) sensor systems detect, locate, 2/n
analyze, and identify sources of radio frequency emission. Once a threat is identified the pilot transmits the target data to the missile and launches it.
There is no chance this would work with Ukrainian fighters as US sensor systems can't be installed on Ukrainian planes
3/n
I think last evening Serbia's General Staff officers explained to President Vučić that if he orders to attack Kosovo NATO fighter jets would appear over Serbian forces within hours and start bombing them... and within 48 hours the US Army's 173rd Airborne Brigade would be 1/4
airlifted to Pristina Airport and the Italian Army's Paratropers Brigade "Folgore" airlifted to Gjakova Airport (which Italy's military built for this purpose).
Followed a day later by the Italian Army's Mechanized Brigade "Pinerolo", which is based in and around Bari, and 2/4
would be shipped by the Italian Navy's 3rd Naval Division with its amphibious ships from Brindisi to Durrës within 2 days. From Durrës to Mitrovicia the Pinerolo's wheeled Freccia IFVs and Centauro tank destroyers need 6 hours thanks to the Western co-financed A1 highway. 3/4