Prof Lennart Nacke, PhD Profile picture
Sep 3, 2022 β€’ 8 tweets β€’ 29 min read β€’ Read on X
Sure, IMRaD is a scientist's ballgame, but have you heard of IRMReDiLiFuConcR?

That's how we roll at #chi2023.

Here's what's in that tongue-twisting paper structure:
πŸ§΅β†“
Introduction:

β†’ What is known?
β†’ What is unknown?
β†’ How and why should we fill the gap?
β†’ Why should people care?

Use @Grammarly @HemingwayApp @languagetool @Writefullapp @TheQuillBot @ReadableHQ @whoisjenniai when editing this section (and the rest of your paper) to rock.
@Grammarly @HemingwayApp @languagetool @Writefullapp @TheQuillBot @ReadableHQ @whoisjenniai Related work:

β†’ Prepare the state-of-the-art you will talk about later in your discussion.

Use tools like @paperpile, @pure_suggest, @ConnectedPapers, @RsrchRabbit, @scite, @scholarcy, @elicitorg, @LitmapsApp, @sci_hub_, @Science_Open to make this easy for yourself.
@Grammarly @HemingwayApp @languagetool @Writefullapp @TheQuillBot @ReadableHQ @whoisjenniai @paperpile @pure_suggest @ConnectedPapers @RsrchRabbit @scite @scholarcy @elicitorg @LitmapsApp @sci_hub_ @Science_Open Methods:

β†’ What did you do?

β†’ Present all specifics.

Write this first!

Nothing like @NotionHQ to keep track of things while you run your experiments.
@Grammarly @HemingwayApp @languagetool @Writefullapp @TheQuillBot @ReadableHQ @whoisjenniai @paperpile @pure_suggest @ConnectedPapers @RsrchRabbit @scite @scholarcy @elicitorg @LitmapsApp @sci_hub_ @Science_Open @NotionHQ @rstudio @jamovistats @JASPStats @figma @inkscape Discussion, Limitations, Future Work:

β†’ Meaning and implications of this research.
β†’ How do the results fill the gap?
β†’ Where do your results not apply?
β†’ What should we do next?

Check my last thread for an in-depth dive into how to write a discussion section.
@Grammarly @HemingwayApp @languagetool @Writefullapp @TheQuillBot @ReadableHQ @whoisjenniai @paperpile @pure_suggest @ConnectedPapers @RsrchRabbit @scite @scholarcy @elicitorg @LitmapsApp @sci_hub_ @Science_Open @NotionHQ @rstudio @jamovistats @JASPStats @figma @inkscape Conclusion: 5Cs

β†’ Why did your advancement matter?

1. Close the loop.

2. Conclude. Show what your final position is.

3. Clarify. Why it's relevant.

4. Concern. For whom does it matter?

5. Consequences. End by noting in one final sentence why this is of such importance.

β€’ β€’ β€’

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More from @acagamic

Nov 3
After reviewing almost 100 papers for CHI,

I've noticed awesome research get killed on page 1.

Your paper has 8,000+ words.
Reviewers spend < 3 minutes to form an impression.

If they can't see why your work matters,
how you proved it, and what changes.

They reject it.

Most papers try to prove everything.
Everywhere.

Here's the 3R framework that wins best paper awards:The three Rs.
Every section serves ONE purpose:

Relevance: Why this study matters now.
Reasoning: How you built and tested it.
Resolution: What changes from your work.

Never all three at once.
Relevance = Your Introduction

Your intro answers one question:
Why should anyone care RIGHT NOW?

Not "this topic is important."
Not "previous research suggests."

The gap + problem that make your study urgent.
Read 11 tweets
Nov 1
Harvard just admitted their grading system is broken.

About 60% of grades are now As.

Two decades ago? Only 25%.

Faculty say grades don't match work quality anymore.
Sound familiar? Your PhD program faces the same crisis.
Grade inflation is everywhere.

But Harvard's new report confirms what I've known:Grades don't measure learning anymore.
Evaluation systems are broken.

Well-intentioned pedagogy created perverse incentives.
The culprit? Loss aversion + grade compression.

Here's the evidence:
Harvard's median GPA hit 3.83 for the Class of 2025.
For the Class of 2015?
Just 3.64.

Since 2016, the median GPA has been an A.
Read 14 tweets
Oct 30
Rejected within 24 hours.

That’s how my academic journey really started.

My writing has never been the same since.
Here’s what I learned from 300+ submissions:

Too many papers get rejected instantly. rules of thumb
I still remember opening my inbox at 6 AM.
One line: "We regret to inform you…"
I’d spent six months on that paper.
I thought it was genius.

Well, turns out it wasn’t.
It was unreadable.

Why?
Simple mistakes in structure and style.

Here's what I learned from writing 100+ papers:

1. Your title has ONE job

β€’ Make it specific & catchy
β€’ Keep it under 12 words
β€’ Cut redundancy

2. Abstract

β€’ Show why you did what you did and what you found
β€’ State your conclusions
β€’ Add key numbers

So, here's a fun thing I noticed:
Read 7 tweets
Oct 20
Most PhD students fail at research questions.

(I used to be one of them)

See, back when I started my research journey,
I thought coming up with research questions was luck.

Just throw something at the wall and hope it sticks.

Wrong.

After helping 100s of students with their research,
I've discovered a secret 4-step question formula:Image
1. Start with scope
Don't jump straight to questions.
First, outline your broad area in 1-2 sentences.

Example: "Virtual reality user interactions"
This gives you boundaries to work within.
2. Identify the gap & problem
What specific problem needs solving?
Make it obvious.

Example: "VR motion sickness during extended use"

β€’ Look for contradictions in existing studies
β€’ Spot practical problems without solutions
β€’ Find areas with limited research
Read 6 tweets
Oct 17
Top researchers publish 2x more papers.

More papers, faster defence, higher grant rates.
Same effort, double output.

They all follow the same 3-pillar optimization system.

Here are 3 pillars of research superstars:
(and the research habits that compound results) 12 healthy habits for researchers
Pillar 1: Cognitive Foundation
Your brain is your primary research tool.

β€’ Mindfulness before high-stakes presentations
β€’ Consistent sleep for memory consolidation
β€’ Regular exercise for enhanced focus

Without this foundation, everything else crumbles.
Pillar 2: Strategic Focus
Clarity beats activity time and again.

β€’ Saying no to non-essential commitments
β€’ Morning strategic planning sessions
β€’ Weekly research trajectory reviews

This pillar protects your most valuable asset: time.
Read 6 tweets
Oct 17
I submitted my first conference article at 26.

It failed for one reason:

I structured it like a conclusion, not a story. Image
I didn’t become a better writer with tricks.
I just learned to start with the problem.

My paper didn't get rejected due to too complex prose.
But because I structured my argument backwards.

Now, I've reviewed 100+ papers from PhDs.

The biggest difference here:
Structure turns unreadable into impactful research.Image
Weak academic writing starts with the solution:

Here's what's technically interesting about it.
Here's my research result.
Here's my methodology.

This forces readers to reverse-engineer.
Why should they care about it?
Most give up before page 2. Image
Read 8 tweets

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