This week — after yrs of research, contemplation, COVID-delays — I *finally* visited the RI cotton mill where my great-grandfather labored during WWII. It sits along the Blackstone River, which had powered the US Industrial Revolution🧵 #envhist#PlasticPollution 1/x
Built in 1904 by the Blackstone Cotton Co — eventually owned by Lonsdale, tied to Brown & Ives, Brown—the family that built Triangle Trade ships and benefactor to Brown U., The mill closed shortly after my great-grandfathered signed his over-45 draft card. 2/x
The mill is now condos — but there were artifacts in the lobby. Gears and spools of wound gray (I presume?) cotton thread. Roaming the lobby, it brought to mind my favorite @JoniTevis essay —Warp + Weft. 3/x
Knowing a tour wasn’t going to work — I had “walked through” via real estate images 😳… 2 bedroom 2 bath going for $369K. 4/x
…I drove the perimeter. It was hard not to think of my great-grandfather, born in Galacia/Austro-Hungarian Poland, and who fled to avoid conscription in the years before WWI. Had he not left, would I be here? 5/x
But here’s why I’m really telling you all this: After it was cotton mill, but before it became condos, it was — no, I’m not kidding… 6/x
…A Tupperware Factory — called b/c of cite legacy a Tupperware Mill! (I guess plastics history — like plastics themselves— is all around us). The address is now: One Tupperware Drive. Clip from 1965 film, The Wonderful World of Tupperware. #envhist#plasticpollutiin 7/x
NJ is the forgotten birthplace of industrial #Teflon — where DuPont scaled PTFE manufacture during WWII from grams to pounds to the potential for tonnes. This precedent setting response is fitting, given this #envhist. A thread.
Pictured below: DuPont’s Arlington Works (Kearny) formerly Arlington Co. — maker of nitrocellulose plastics — DuPont purchased after WWI to diversify, shift public image (Nye Commission the co. “merchants of death”) & use postwar nitrogen excesses (also used to make explosives.)
I corresponded with a woman who worked at DuPont’s Arlington Works (NJ) during WWII — she remembered the PTFE plant explosion in 1944 — and (w/ a local historian) helped me sketch the boundaries of the plant, & where the co. built the first PTFE/#Teflon pilot plant. @northjersey
Back in 2008, in @Orion_Magazine, @ssteingraber1 reflected on the curious phenomenon of “environmental amnesia,” which she observed while giving lectures around the US on toxics & pollution. This is one of my favorite essays. A thread. #envhist
“I’ve noticed two opposing trends,” @ssteingraber1 writes in @Orion_Magazine. One is an 🔺 awareness of toxics & their env-health implications. But the other is that this knowledge pertains to products more than the hazards of production, esp legacy or relic pollution . #envhist
“The location of homes on former orchards (where arsenical pesticides were used) or near old toxic-dump sites (where drums of solvents were buried) — these matters seem blurrier and blurrier to the folks in my audiences.” @ssteingraber1 via @Orion_Magazine#envhist
For those studying, tracking #PFAS pollution, what @j_g_allen has called the #foreverchemicals -- I wanted to offer some key resources about the relationship btwn the atom bomb and their early research & development w/ the Manhattan Project. An #envhist thread.
2. In 1947, the Manhattan District wrote up the history of their fluorocarbon work in support of the K-25 gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge: see Vol I Book VII, since declassified and w/ the US DoE. Appendix G explains the fluorocarbon and Teflon work: osti.gov/includes/openn…
3. Joseph H. Simons, who's eponymous process, The Simons Process, was used by 3M to make #PFASs, did some of the original research on fluorocarbons that catalyzed the Manhattan Project's development work, tho' his process wasn't used in the bomb project). Here, in the @nytimes:
So many wonderful pieces on time capsules were companions while writing about the Westinghouse time capsules for @aeonmag -- wanted to share them here, beginning w/ @MatthewBattles piece, also for Aeon, The Ache for Immortality [next]
Here, @MatthewBattles describes time capsules as "a compound of the Quixotic and Ozymandian" -- and also lays out the fascination w/ the "message in the bottle" when often it is the bottle that is the message: aeon.co/essays/voyager…
Don't miss this minidoc about love, humanity and the twin Voyager missions and their Golden Records --