Hermahai Profile picture
Sep 18, 2022 14 tweets 7 min read Read on X
1/ One of the differences between Linear A' and the newer Linear B' is the presence of texts of Linear A' outside the limits of the Aegean area and in fact in distant Israel, where two inscribed evidences of it have been found.
#LinearA #TelLachish #TelHaror #Minoans
2/ The first inscribed evidence of Linear A in Israel was found at Tel Lachish in 1987. It was found engraved on the shoulder of a large limestone vessel, probably a large, deep bowl or krater, of which only this one large fragment was found.
3/ The inscribed sherd of the vessel, although it was found in a stratigraphic level chronologically connected to the first half of the 12th century BC, probably due to stratigraphic disturbance it comes from an earlier chronological level. Unless it was an heirloom.
4/ Its short inscription is rendered as MI 𐄁 RI-DA-U 𐄁 SE-JE and it presents five syllables, one fraction and two word separators. For many researchers, this inscription is disputed as a Linear A text, mainly because it seems to have been made of local material.
5/ The second inscribed evidence comes from the site of Tel Haror in the Negev Desert and was found in the period 1986-92 at Area K within a context dated during the MM III period (late 17th - early 16th century BC). It is an inscription on a pithus sherd.
6/ The analysis of the manufacture material of the vessel identifies the site of Myrtos Pyrgos in SE Crete as its possible place of origin. The inscription is rendered as MU ≈ WA-TE ≈ NI and probably contains ideograms rather than syllabograms.
7/ The vessel was probably associated with some local cultic activity, although it is difficult for me to accept a Minoan religious involvement in such a distant place. ➡️
➡️ The inscription features the logogram for the figs, the logogram for the cloth + TE and the logogram for the bull's head.
8/ The three points / ideograms appear in a different order on a four-sided bar of hieroglyphs from the Fourni Archanes Necropolis, known as the Archanes Formula and for this reason some researchers question its connection with Linear A.
9/ The site of Tel Haror was a strongly fortified city of the late Middle Bronze Age at a distance of 20 km from Gaza, where inside there was a magnificent palatial building in the Syriac style. To the south of the city was the Area K.
10/ At this Area there was an important cult place with an offering altar, surrounding repositories, offering stands (as incense burners), miniature votive vessels, zoomorphic vessels, animal and human figurines.
11/ In the courtyard of the place of worship, equids were found buried in a pit, while in various points inside the place of worship abundant animal bones were found, indicating a religious activity intertwined with the ritual killing of mainly young animals.
12/ It is reasonable to ask the question: what is a Minoan inscribed vase at Tel Haror asking for? The answer is given by the existence of storage spaces within the cult place. The uniqueness of the pithus determines a commercial character in the vessel.
13/ Perhaps it was used as an exotic offering by a local noble to the local deity; perhaps it contained some product that the priests of the place of worship buy from a Minoan merchant to use for the needs of the temple.

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More from @hermahai

Feb 6
1/My view is that initially the Mycenaean world was divided into scattered, interconnected, autonomous communities. During the 16th century BC,a process of emergence of powerful centers and absorption by these new regional centers of the secondary settlements began. @StefanT2005 Image
Image
2/ Mycenae played an important role in the transformation of the Mycenaean world, as it evolved into a leading power in Argolid and mainland Greece in general. The warlords of Argolid were the protagonists in the conquest of Crete, the islands of the Archipelago and Miletus. Image
3/ The process of concentrating political power and economic wealth in a few regional centers continued during the first phase of the palatial period (14th century BC). In many cases the new situation was imposed through violence and destruction (see Iklaina, Ayios Vasileios).👉 Image
Read 9 tweets
Jan 30
1/ The ship that sank at the end of the 14th century BC near the coast at Uluburun (SW Anatolia) is not a simple case of another wrecked merchant ship that was making a typical voyage sailing the sea routes of the Eastern Mediterranean of the Late Bronze Age.
#Uluburun Image
Image
2/ Its cargo testifies to a special purpose sea voyage. It included a large quantity of copper ingots, numerous vessels and mainly exotic - precious objects intended for a very specific elite audience (carved ivory vessels and jewelry made of gold and semi-precious stones), 👉 Image
👉 as well as raw materials for the manufacture of fine elaborate artifacts (glass ingots, raw ivory, ostrich eggshells and faience beads). These artifacts were manufactured in royal workshops in Syro-Canaan and Egypt by highly qualified craftsmen. Image
Read 18 tweets
Jan 22
1/ Preclassical Lemnos is shrouded in the mist of myth, constituting a special case for the ancient Greek world due to the presence of a strong pre-Greek population. Thus, mythological Lemnos is associated with various peoples.
#Lemnos #Sintians #Minyans Image
2/ The first inhabitants of Lemnos were the Sintians, a people of Thracian or Phrygian origin, who, according to legend, cared for and raised Hephaestus, who was exiled from Olympus. More generally, the Sintians are related to the Neolithic inhabitants of Poliochni and Myrina. Image
3/ Scholars, attempting to etymologize the ethnonym Sintians, have come up with two different (and dubious) interpretations: 1) from the poetic verb σίνομαι which means "to plunder" and 2) from the IE root kuento- which means "sacred" and is related to the worship of Hephaestus. Image
Read 10 tweets
Jan 17
1/ In the past, there was a strong belief among members of the scientific community that the appearance of Minoan palaces was a "sudden" event in which various "ancestral" palatial patterns of the Near East, such as those at Mari and Alalakh, played an important role. #Minoans Image
Image
2/ On the other hand, there were some scholars who argued that the appearance of the Minoan palaces was the creative result of a native genius craftsman. On a more logical basis, other scholars seek the emergence of palaces through the evolution of local architectural structures. Image
3/ In my opinion, the Minoan palaces were a combination of elements that have their roots in the pre-palatial period and some innovations that came from the Near East, such as the palatial administration, the widespread use of seals and the inscribed tablets. Image
Read 14 tweets
Jan 9
1/ The Aegean was a marginal area for the Egyptians of the Bronze Age, but nevertheless they had very good relations with its inhabitants. Archaeological and textual evidence demonstrates close trade, diplomatic and cultural contacts between the two lands, even royal marriages. Image
2/ However, where the close relationship between the two peoples is most vividly commemorated is in the representations of Aegean emissaries with offerings for the Egyptian king, which adorned the tombs of officials in the cemeteries of Thebes. The motif of the representations 👉 Image
👉 in which the Aegean emissaries are depicted is always the same: they participate together with other foreign embassies from all over the known world in processions, arriving in Egypt in order to offer the enthroned Egyptian Pharaoh precious and exotic metals and objects, 👉 Image
Read 16 tweets
Dec 22, 2024
1/ Ancient Greek texts refer to a mythical king of Crete with divine origins and extraordinary abilities, Minos. Thucydides reports that Minos was the most ancient king of Crete, who dominated the entire Aegean with a powerful fleet (Minoan Thalassocracy). #Minoans Image
2/ He had the perspicacity to colonize the Aegean islands and defeat the pirates who "polluted" the seas, promoting peace and trade. However, he also had another aspect: he is presented as a wise legislator, gaining great fame and becoming after his death the judge of the dead. Image
3/Minos reigned from the Knossos, which he made the most famous city in the Aegean, and was the founder of the labyrinth. Of particular interest is the fact that his mother, Europa,was the daughter of the king of Tyre that she was kidnapped and taken to Crete by his father, Zeus. Image
Read 14 tweets

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