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John Scott-Railton Profile picture
@jsrailton
Oct 20, 2022 • 7 tweets • 5 min read • Read on X
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"We expect it will be fishing vessels that damaged the cable but it is very rare that we have two problems at the same time."

And just like that, Shetland goes offline.

Pay attention to subsea cables. Putin does.
bbc.com/news/uk-scotla… Communications to Shetland have been completely shut down af
2/ Shetland is connected via SHEFA-2 (SHEtland-FAroes).

If the Mainland-Shetland cable is cut (e.g happened in 2014 near Orkney), backup routing *is* available:

SHEFA-2 to Faroe Islands, then to UK via FARICE-1 backhaul (Faroe & Iceland)

But double breaks = no backup route.
3/ Fishing damage to subsea cables is a big thing.

Bottom trawlers are a common offender.

They can snag surface laid cable segments + gear & make a mess.

They can also muck up marine habitats, as this @MontereyAq video illustrates.
4/ Subsea cables are typically buried.

Sometimes segments wind up exposed for a bit.

Detailed warnings are issued because of the high risk of snagging by trawlers.

E.g. inspection & reburial of a spliced & repaired segment of SHEFA-2 was recently postponed b/c of bad weather.
5/ #Shetland shows: even with redundancy, the right cuts = total outage.

The capability to deliver such a disruptive blow to our information systems is *exactly* why Russia keeps mapping cables & doing exercises.

Story: theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/j… He said that meant Moscow could “put at risk and potential
6/ @mercoglianos just reminded me of some cable cutting history.

Wikipedia has the story of how the 🇬🇧British cut key German telegraph cables at the outset of #WWI.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CS_Alert_… When Britain entered World War I, one of its first acts was
7/ UPDATE: a UK flagged fishing vessel reportedly responsible for #Shetland cable damage.

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More from @jsrailton

John Scott-Railton Profile picture
Dec 23
The volume of scam phone calls targeting elderly people in the US is insane.

Anyone that has visited an aging person knows what I'm talking about.

Ring after ring.

Several calls a day isn't out of the ordinary each of them a risk of wiping out their savings.

It's an untenable situation and will only get worse without focused government action.
Phone predators constantly target your parents.

Foreign scam call centers are running on an industrial scale.

Efforts phone companies are making are obviously not up to the task.

Just ask any retired person you know when they last got a scam call.
The constant phone scamming of elderly Americans is like an opportunistic infection.

It is a symptom showing that the US phone system's defenses against foreign abuses are diminished.

With increasingly clever AI/ deepfake voices & automation, the problem is set to get worse.
Read 4 tweets
John Scott-Railton Profile picture
Dec 23
VPN advertising is the most common source of security misinformation that I encounter.

By far.

So many people misplace their trust in dubious consumer VPN products.

The industry is a scourge.
VPNs don't do most of the things that podcasters imply they do.

Security:
Coffee shop attacks on unencrypted logins are a thing of a decade ago.

VPNs won't stop even the dumbest spyware & phishing.

Privacy:
Advertisers still know it's you when you turn on a VPN... they use many other identifying signals from your device, like your browser & advertising IDs. Those don't change when you turn on a VPN.
Trust:
A lot of VPN companies are shady.... and the industry is consolidating fast around some questionable players with concerning histories.

When you turn on a VPN you entrust all of your data to those companies.
Read 7 tweets
John Scott-Railton Profile picture
Dec 21
BREAKING: NSO Group liable for #Pegasus hacking of @WhatsApp users.

Big win for spyware victims.

Big loss for NSO.

Bad time to be a spyware company.

Landmark case. Huge implications. 1/ 🧵Image
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2/ In 2019, 1,400 @WhatsApp users were targeted with #Pegasus.

WhatsApp did the right thing & sued NSO Group.

NSO has spent 5 years trying to claim that they are above the law.

And engaged in all sorts of maneuvering.

With this order, the music stopped and NSO is now without a chair.Image
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3/ Today, the court decided that enough was enough with NSO's gambits & efforts to hide source code.

Judge Hamilton granted @WhatsApp's motion for summary judgement against the #Pegasus spyware maker.

The judge finds NSO's hacking violated the federal Computer Fraud & Abuse Act (#CFAA), California state anti-fraud law #CDFA, and was a breach of contract.

What happens next? The trial proceeds only on the issue of resolving damages stemming from NSO's hacking.

Order: storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.usco…Image
Read 12 tweets
John Scott-Railton Profile picture
Dec 18
NEW: US considering ban on @TPLINK routers.

Company has a majority of the US market share for homes & small biz.

Concerns stem from repeated use in cyberattacks from #China & concerns over supply chain security.

Reportedly an office of @CommerceGov has subpoenaed the company. 1/

Story by @heathersomervil @dnvolz & @aviswanathaImage
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2/ @TPLINK has quickly grown market share, even as concerns have grown over vulnerabilities in the routers being used in #China-linked hacking operations.

wsj.com/politics/natio…Image
3/ As Microsoft's @MsftSecIntel reported earlier this year, for example, #TPLINK routers make up the bulk of the CovertNetwork-1658 attack infrastructure.

This operator was conducting so-called password spray attacks, and taking steps to be discrete.

The credentials are then used by multiple #China-based threat actors....

microsoft.com/en-us/security…Image
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Read 4 tweets
John Scott-Railton Profile picture
Dec 18
Use only end-to-end encrypted communications says @CISAgov.

YES!

End-to-end encryption is critical infrastructure for a safe society.

Plenty of other solid guidance for mobile users at risk here.

Let's look at their #iPhone & #Android-specific recs... 1/Image
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2/ @CISAgov's top recommendation for Apple users is to✅ enable #LockdownMode

It's my top guidance for high-risk #iPhone users..

Because as researchers tracking sophisticated threats we see Lockdown Mode blunt advanced attacks...

Other solid guidance:

✅Protect your DNS
✅Disable fallback to SMS
✅Enroll in iCloud Private Relay
✅Trim App permissions.Image
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3/ @CISAgov's guidance for #Android starts from the unavoidable fact that many Android manufacturers truly don't respect users security or privacy.

So ✅pick a company that won't leave you insecure after 2-3 years.

Other good guidance here includes...
✅ Only use RCS with end-to-end encryption
✅ Using Android Private DNS
✅ Use Enhanced Protection for Safe Browsing
✅ Google Play Protect
✅ Manage permissions.

cisa.gov/sites/default/…Image
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Read 4 tweets
John Scott-Railton Profile picture
Dec 17
NEW: #China #Russia #Iran & #Israel are spying on 🇺🇸Americans using telecom weaknesses says @DHSgov

Deeply concerning on heels of #SaltTyphoon breaches.

All US carriers vulnerable to some extent.

We know this thanks to Sen @RonWyden's tireless work to expose #SS7 & #Diameter vulnerabilities.

Here's how they work...

Story by @josephfcox 1/Image
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2/ Here's the thing about the global network for routing calls.

Requests are trusted by default. Whatever operator they come from!

Since requests can let you do things like intercept calls, texts & track phones locations...

...a lot of governments & some shady companies have come running.

All they needed was a "Global Title" which is not hard to get in some jurisdictions.

Result? A tidal wave from around the globe of shady requests for the purpose of spying on people.

Including Americans. In the US.

We @citizenlab exposed Circles, one such player...

Story: 404media.co/dhs-says-china…Image
3/ There's an active global market for companies whose product line revolves around abusing the trusting nature of call routing to conduct surveillance.

We @citizenlab ran scans & mapped deployments of this tech by one such player: Circles.

Circles had previously merged with NSO Group, which makes #Pegasus.

citizenlab.ca/2020/12/runnin…Image
Read 5 tweets

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