Jamir Pitton Rissardo Profile picture
Oct 26, 2022 11 tweets 7 min read Read on X
Hoffmann and his Assistant!!!

“upper limb equivalent of the Babinski sign test”

- hyperreflexia
- cervical cord

#MedTwitter #neurotwitter #EndNeurophobia

1/ Image
Hoffmann's sign

“snaps the nail of the middle finger leads to flexion of the thumb and/or index”

discovered by German neurologist Johann Hoffman (1857–1919), but
it was described by his assistant Hans Curschmann in 1911

via: virtualmedstudent

2/
Mayer's reflex

“forceful passive flexion of the middle finger. Involuntary adduction of the thumb normally follows; absence of the reflex suggests a lesion”

discovered by Austrian neuropsychiatry Carl Mayer (1862–1936)

doctorlib.info/neurology/fund… via: doctorlib

3/ Image
Rossolimo's hand sign

“reflex hammer, tap the palmar surface of the metacarpophalangeal joint”

discovered by Russian neurologist Grigory Ivanovich Rossolimo (1860–1928)

musculoskeletalkey.com/reflexes/ via: Musculoskeletal Key

4/ Image
Wartenberg's sign

“taps against the patient’s fingers lead to flexion of fingers and distal phalanx of the thumb”

discovered by Russian neurologist Robert Wartenberg (1887–1956)

via: Neuron Bundle

5/
Chaddock's wrist sign

“Grasp the patient’s wrist, putting pressure on the palmaris longus tendon”
the patient flexes the wrist and extends the fingers

discovered by American neurologist Charles Gilbert Chaddock (1861–1936)

musculoskeletalkey.com/reflexes/ via: Musculoskeletal Key

6/ Image
Gordon's extension sign

“compression of the projection of the radial side of the pisiform bone lead to fingers extension”

discovered by French-American neurologist Alfred Gordon (1874–1953)

doi.org/10.1590/0004-2… via: Arq Neuropsiquiatr

7/ Image
Hachinski's sign

“raise hands from the knees and hold them at shoulder level”
upward movement of the right or left thumb

discovered by Ukrainian neurologist Vladimir Hachinski (alive)

doi.org/10.1212%2FCPJ.… via: Neurology

8/
Vernea's and Botez's reflex

“Superficial stimulation of dorsum of fingers in patients with a grasp reflex”

discovered by Romanian neurologists I. Vernea and M.I. Botez

doi.org/10.1111/j.1600… via: Acta Neurol Scand

9/ Image
Trömner's reflex

“flicks the middle finger pad leads to flexion of the thumb and/or index”

discovered by German neurologist Ernst Trömner (1868–1930)

youtube.com/shorts/kEbnFG_… via: NeurologiaBr - Dr Euldes

10/
Wazir's sign

“extended wrist is tapped at the level of the palmaris longus”

discovered by Malaysian orthopedic surgeon Wazir NN

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21298241/ via: Singapore Med J

11/ Image

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More from @theneurolander

Aug 23
Pourfour du Petit Syndrome
The reverse Horner syndrome!

François Pourfour du Petit (1664–1741)
- 1st to describe

#MedTwitter #neurotwitter #EndNeurophobia #tweetorials

1/ Image
Definition

“ipsilateral mydriasis, hyperhidrosis, and eyelid retraction”

2/
Pathophysiology

oculosympathetic chain irritation causing the clinical signs of hyperactivity of the sympathetic pathway

- causes are the same as those for Horner syndrome

3/
Read 12 tweets
Aug 17
Apraxia!
The disorder of motor cognition

Hugo Karl Liepmann (1863 - 1925)

#MedTwitter #neurotwitter #EndNeurophobia #tweetorials

1/ Image
Definition

“Inability to perform a higher motor task”

It can’t be explained by weakness, sensory loss, or lack understanding

2/
Apraxia assessment

Pantomime
Meaningful hand gestures
Buccofacial apraxia
Meaningless hand gesture
Luria 3-steps task

*Describe the body part and the impaired movement
*Consider mistake, if persist after correction

3/ Image
Read 36 tweets
Jul 28
House of Words: Aphasias!

Armand Trousseau (1801 – 1867)
French internist

1/ Image
History

Late 18th, Gall
- speech function localized frontal lobes

Dax, 1986
- aphasia & L hemisphere

Broca, 1861
- lesion L inferior frontal convolution

Trousseau, 1862
- coined aphasia term

Wernicke, 1864
- speech comprehension

Lichtheim, 1885
- subcortical aphasia

2/ Image
Definition

“disorder of language, including impairment in ability to produce, understand, and repeat speech, as well as defects in the ability to read and write.”

*deficit affecting only speech is usually dysarthria

3/ Image
Read 25 tweets
Jan 26, 2023
Diencephalon location
- around the 3rd ventricle

The cavity of the diencephalon is ----- the 3rd ventricle
All of the structures of the diencephalon are around the 3rd ventricle, so the cavity of the diencephalon is the 3rd ventricle.

2/
Diencephalon embryology

- prosencephalon

3/ Image
Read 36 tweets
Jan 12, 2023
The Examination in Coma

“the father of modern neurological surgery”

American neurosurgeon Harvey Williams Cushing (1869–1939)

#MedTwitter #neurotwitter #EndNeurophobia #tweetorials

1/ Image
Definition

“a state of unarousable unresponsiveness”

Parts
a. level of consciousness
b. vital signs (BP & breathing pattern)
c. cranial nerves (fundoscopy + vision + brainstem)
d. motor & sensory
e. reflex
f. meningeal signs

2/
Level of consciousness

Normal
Clouding of consciousness
Confusion/delirium
Lethargy
Obtundation
Stupor
Coma

3/ Image
Read 30 tweets
Dec 26, 2022
Drifts!!!

French neurologist Jean Alexandre Barré (1880–1967)

#MedTwitter #neurotwitter #EndNeurophobia #tweetorials

1/
The four types of drift

“pronator, cerebellar, parietal, and functional”

- pronator drift (pyramidal drift) was the 1st to be described
- Dr. Barre was the 1st to report it

2/
Pronator drift (Barre’s sign)

progress from distal to proximal

1st downward arm drift
2nd forearm pronation
3rd flexion of the wrist and elbow

3/
Read 18 tweets

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