I had a difficult time convincing a patient with newly diagnosed Primary Hypothyroidism that she needs to be started on LEVOTHYROXINE asap. Her main concern, similar to many other patients, was that,“Once I start medication, I will have to continue for life.” 1/5 #Hypothyroidism
Yes, it’s true that Levothyroxine needs to be taken life-long in patients with autoimmune condition - Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. But the reason is not that - once you start, you won’t be able to stop. Similar logic is used with Insulin. 2/5
Levothyroxine or Insulin do not have addiction potential. It’s not akin to cocaine. You don’t have to take it because some doctor started you on this medication and your body has become “addicted” to it. You have to take it because your body requires it! 3/5
Its like saying that I have myopia and I can’t see distant objects clearly but if I start using spectacles,I will have to use it life-long. I will become addicted to it. Yes you need spectacles to see clearly. Similarly, you need Levothyroxine for body to function optimally! 4/5
Untreated severe hypothyroidism can cause a number of health issues including weight gain, body pain, infertility, miscarriage, menstrual problems, pericardial effusions, and can even land you in emergency with hyponatremia/myxedema coma 5/5 #MedTwitter
Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is an enzyme localized in the normal thyroid gland. TPO plays an important role in the production of thyroid hormones. A TPO antibody test detects antibodies against TPO.
TPO antibodies are checked in patients having primary hypothyroidism 1/n
to help establish underlying etiology. If TPO antibodies are positive, it suggests cause is autoimmune (eg. Hashimoto’s disease).
Some people with positive TPO antibodies may have normal thyroid function. It means that they are at risk of future thyroid dysfunction 2/n
It is normally required to measure TPO Antibody only once when trying to find the etiology of thyroid dysfunction. The goal of Levothyroxine replacement in primary hypothyroidism is to achieve euthyroidism (normalization of TSH) 3/n
A thread on ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY 🧵
Adrenal glands are small triangular shaped endocrine glands situated on top of the kidneys. They look like “KIDNEY HATS”. Although not as “famous” as other endocrine glands, nevertheless they are ESSENTIAL for life! 1/n
Primary adrenal insufficiency (AI), also known as Addison's disease, is a rare condition where the adrenal glands do not make the cortisol (a “stress” hormone) properly. So there is deficiency of cortisol in the body.
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Secondary adrenal insufficiency (AI) is more common than primary AI. It occurs when pituitary gland (rightly called “MASTER GLAND), a small gland at base of brain, does not signal adrenal glands to make cortisol. That signal is ACTH (it is a cortisol stimulating hormone) 3/n
INSULIN MYTHS:A THREAD 🧵
MYTH 1: Insulin injections are very painful.
Fact: Newer insulin needles are very thin & almost painless. Patients check sugar level by finger pricks and insulin injections are much less painful than that. It is very easy to take by the pen devices. 1/n
MYTH 2: Insulin is addictive/habitual
Fact: You cannot get addicted to insulin. Since type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease, eventually your body may require insulin. When sugar targets are not achieved by the maximal dose of anti-diabetic medications, insulin is advised.
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MYTH 3:Insulin can NEVER be stopped.
Fact: There are certain situations, when insulin can be reduced or stopped. In many patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, particularly with extremely high sugar levels, early initiation of insulin is able to preserve pancreas function. 3/n