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Rajiv Shah - Wikipedia

Shah was nominated to serve as the 16th Administrator of USAID on November 10, 2009 and confirmed by the United States Senate unanimously on Christmas Eve, December 24, 2009. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajiv_Shah

On his fifth day as Administrator, a 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

Shah grew up in the Detroit area and attended Birmingham Wylie E. Groves High School.

On January 5, 2017, the Board of Trustees announced the unanimous selection of Shah to serve as the

thirteenth president of the Rockefeller Foundation.

Jeffery Sachs was raised in Oak Park, a suburb of Detroit, Michigan, the son of Joan (née Abrams) and Theodore Sachs, a former general counsel for the Michigan A.F.L.-C.I.O. Jeffery graduated from Oak Park High School.

Theodore Sachs lived in West Bloomfield, Mich.

The son of Charles Wolfe and Carole Wittenberg, Nathan Wolfe graduated from West Bloomfield High School in 1988.

Dr. Wolfe is the founder of Metabiota, which offers both governmental and corporate services for biological threat

evaluation and management. He serves on the editorial board of EcoHealth and Scientific American and is a member of DARPA's Defense Science Research Council.

In 1980, Jeffery Sachs joined the Harvard faculty as an assistant professor and was promoted to associate professor in

1982.

During the next 19 years at Harvard, Sachs became the Galen L. Stone Professor of International Trade, director of the Harvard Institute for International Development at Harvard Kennedy School (1995–1999) and director of the Center for International Development (1999–

2002).

The Ford Foundation and other organizations involved in aid-giving still wanted Harvard to provide hands-on training for their staff. In 1962 the Development Advisory Service was established for this purpose, associated with the CFIA but independent. It was renamed the

HIID in 1974.

In 1980 the economist Arnold Harberger of the Harvard University was selected as head of the institute. The announcement met with protests from students and staff since Harberger had previously advised the Augusto Pinochet military regime in Chile. He withdrew and

Dwight Perkins, an economist and specialist in China, took the job. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the economist Jeffrey Sachs became head of the institute.

The HIID collaborated with the Women In Development office of USAID in developing the Harvard Analytical

Framework.

Shah was nominated to serve as the 16th Administrator of USAID on November 10, 2009 and confirmed by the United States Senate unanimously on Christmas Eve, December 24, 2009. He was sworn into office by Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton on January 7, 2010.

In November 1961, Pres. John F. Kennedy signed the act and issued an Executive Order tasking the Secretary of State to create, within the State Department, the "Agency for International Development" (or A.I.D.: subsequently re-branded as USAID), as the successor to both ICA and

the Development Loan Fund.

David Dean Rusk (February 9, 1909 – December 20, 1994) was the United States Secretary of State from 1961 to 1969 under presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson.

Rusk served as a staff officer in the China Burma India Theater, becoming a

senior aide to Joseph Stilwell.

When it became necessary to send a senior officer to China to keep it in the war, Stilwell was selected, over his own personal objections, by US President Franklin Roosevelt and his old friend, Army Chief of Staff George Marshall.
Stilwell became

the chief of staff to Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, served as US commander in the China Burma India Theater, was responsible for all Lend-Lease supplies going to China, and later became deputy commander of South East Asia Command.

In February 1942 Stilwell was promoted to

lieutenant general and was assigned to the China-Burma-India Theater (CBI). In that position, Stilwell had three major roles: commander of all US forces in China, Burma, and India; deputy commander of the Burma-India Theater under Admiral Louis Mountbatten; and military advisor

to Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, the commander of all Nationalist Chinese forces as well as commander of the Chinese Theater.

Mountbatten's mother's younger sister was Russian Empress Alexandra Feodorovna.

In childhood Mountbatten visited the Imperial Court of Russia at St

Petersburg and became intimate with the Russian Imperial Family, harbouring romantic feelings towards his maternal first cousin Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna, whose photograph he kept at his bedside used for wanking for the rest of his life. Spank bank favorite.

Mountbatten

was married on 18 July 1922 to Edwina Cynthia Annette Ashley, daughter of Wilfred William Ashley, later 1st Baron Mount Temple, himself a grandson of the 7th Earl of Shaftesbury. She was the favourite granddaughter of the Edwardian magnate Sir Ernest Cassel and the principal

heir to his fortune.

One of the wealthiest men of his day, Cassel was a good friend of King Edward VII (enough so that he was nicknamed "Windsor Cassel"), prime minister H. H. Asquith and Winston Churchill.

In 1912 Cassel’s close German friend Albert Ballin feared that the

naval rivalry between Britain and Germany was getting out of hand and even threatened war. They approach their respective governments, who agreed to negotiate a compromise that would end the race through the Haldane Mission of 1912. Unfortunately, it proved a failure.

In 1935,

in order to underline his support for the Germans, Lord Mount Temple was instrumental in establishing the Anglo-German Fellowship.

Hjalmar Schacht became a friend of the Governor of the Bank of England, Montagu Norman, both men belonging to the Anglo-German Fellowship and the

Bank for International Settlements.

In 1937 Schacht met with Chinese Finance Minister Dr. H. H. Kung. Schacht told him that "German-Chinese friendship stemmed in good part from the hard struggle of both for independence". Kung said, "China considers Germany its best

friend ... I hope and wish that Germany will participate in supporting the further development of China, the opening up of its sources of raw materials, the upbuilding of its industries and means of transportation."

Dr. H. H. Kung, was a Chinese banker and politician in the

early 20th century. He married Soong Ai-ling, the eldest of the three Soong sisters; the other two married President Sun Yat-sen and the latter President Chiang Kai-shek. Together with his brother-in-law, [T.V.] Soong Tse-ven, he was highly influential in determining the economic

policies of the Kuomintang-led Nationalist government of the Republic of China in the 1930s and 1940s.

Cornelius Vander Starr (October 15, 1892 – December 20, 1968), sometimes known as Neil Starr, was an American businessman and founder of C.V. Starr & Co. (later known as Starr

Companies) in Shanghai, China, which became AIG.

Starr worked for the Office of Strategic Services during World War II and found himself engaged in such work as establishing the OSS insurance intelligence unit with William "Wild Bill" Donovan in 1943 and serving as the chief

operative behind former U.S. Army Air Force officer Claire L. Chennault. Chennault is best known for coordinating the American-bankrolled American Volunteer Group (better known as the "Flying Tigers") to bring the fight to the Japanese without a declaration of war and return

Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek to dominance in China.

The China-Burma-India Theater (CBI) was a geographical administrative command on the same level as the commands of Dwight Eisenhower and Douglas MacArthur, but unlike other combat theaters like the European Theater of

Operations, the CBI was never formally designated a "theater of operations" and did not have an overall American operational command structure.

Since 1942, members of his staff had continually objected to Chinese troops being used in Burma for what they viewed as returning the

country to British colonial control.
Chiang therefore sided with Major General Claire Lee Chennault's proposals for the war against the Japanese to be continued largely using existing Chinese forces supported by air forces, which Chennault assured Chiang to be feasible. The

dilemma forced Chennault and Stilwell into competition for the valuable lend-lease supplies arriving over the Himalayas from British-controlled India, an obstacle referred to as "The Hump."

Of the supplies that made it over the Hump, some were diverted by Chinese and American

personnel to the black market for their personal enrichment. As a result, most Allied commanders in India, with the exception of General Orde Wingate and his Chindit operations, were focused on defensive measures.

Wingate trained, commanded and accompanied Special Night Squads

(SNSs), armed groups formed of British and Haganah volunteers on their patrols. The Haganah units frequently ambushed Arab saboteurs who attacked oil pipelines of the Iraq Petroleum Company, raiding border villages the attackers had used as bases. In these raids, Wingate's men

sometimes imposed severe collective punishments on the villagers, which was criticised by Zionist leaders as well as Wingate's British superiors.

The Red LineAgreement lasted until 1948 when two of the American partners broke free. During the period, Iraq Petroleum Company

(IPC )monopolized oil exploration inside the Red Line; excluding Saudi Arabia and Bahrain, where ARAMCO (formed in 1944 by renaming of the Saudi subsidiary of Standard Oil of California (Socal)) and Bahrain Petroleum Company (BAPCO) respectively held controlling position.

Orde Wingate was the commander of an anti-aircraft unit in Britain when the Second World War began. He repeatedly made proposals to the army and government for the creation of a Jewish army in Palestine which would rule over the area and its Arab population in the name of the

British. His friend Wavell was commander-in-chief of Middle East Command based in Cairo, and he invited him to Sudan to begin operations against Italian occupation forces in Ethiopia. He created Gideon Force under William Platt, the British commander in Sudan, a Special

Operations Executive (SOE) force composed of British, Sudanese, and Ethiopian soldiers.

Wingate won few friends among the officer corps with his direct manner of dealing with fellow officers and superiors, along with eccentric personal habits. He would eat raw onions because he

thought that they were healthy, scrub his dickbag and asshole with a rubber brush instead of bathing, and greet visitors to his tent while completely naked.

Prime Minister Winston Churchill invited Wingate to London for talks.
Soon after Wingate arrived, Churchill decided to

take him and his wife along to the Quebec Conference.

The First Quebec Conference, codenamed "Quadrant", was a highly secret military conference held during World War II by the governments of the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States. It took place in Quebec City on

August 17–24, 1943, at both the Citadelle and the Château Frontenac. The chief representatives were Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt, hosted by the Canadian prime minister William Lyon Mackenzie King.

In June 1914 John D. Rockefeller Jr. hired William Lyon Mackenzie

King at the Rockefeller Foundation in New York City, to head its new Department of Industrial Research.

Churchill and Roosevelt, without Canadian input, signed the Quebec Agreement, stating that the nuclear technology would never be used against one another, that they would not

use it against third parties without the consent of one another, but also that Tube Alloys would not be discussed with third parties.

The agreement merged the British Tube Alloys project with the American Manhattan Project, and created the Combined Policy Committee to control

the joint project. Although Canada was not a signatory, the Agreement provided for a Canadian representative on the Combined Policy Committee in view of Canada's contribution to the effort.

On 12 June 1940, Vannevar Bush, the president of the Carnegie Institution of Washington,

and Harry Hopkins, a key advisor to the president, went to the president with a proposal to create a National Defense Research Committee (NDRC) to co-ordinate defence-related research.

Otto Hahn wrote to his colleague Lise Meitner, who, with her nephew Otto Frisch, proved that

the uranium nucleus had been split. They published their finding in Nature in 1939.

Paul Rosbaud helped a number of families flee the Nazis, including known Jewish physicist Lise Meitner.

After the war, Rosbaud took up residence in England. He worked for Butterworth-Springer,

a company set up in response to a Scientific Advisory Board that included Alfred Egerton, Charles Galton Darwin, Edward Salisbury, and Alexander Fleming. When the Butterworth Company decided to pull out of the English/German liaison, Robert Maxwell acquired 75% while 25% rested

with Rosbaud. The company name was changed to Pergamon Press.

Samuel Pisar was the longtime lawyer and confidant of Robert Maxwell.

Pisar married twice. He had two daughters by his first wife, Norma Pisar, and one, Leah Pisar (who worked in the White House for Bill Clinton),

from his second wife, Judith, with whom he lived in Paris and New York City. His stepson, Judith's son, Antony Blinken was appointed to President Joe Biden's cabinet as Secretary of State.

From 2009 to 2013, Antony Blinken served as deputy assistant to the president and

national security advisor to the Vice President Joe Biden.

During his tenure in the Obama administration, he helped craft U.S. policy on Afghanistan, Pakistan, and the nuclear program of Iran.

Iran's nuclear program was launched in the 1950s with the help of the United States

under the Atoms for Peace program.

In 1967, the Tehran Nuclear Research Center (TNRC) was established, run by the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI). The TNRC was equipped with a 5-megawatt nuclear research reactor supplied by US company American Machine and Foundry

(AMF), which was fueled by highly enriched uranium.

In the late 1950s, AMF's vice-chairman was Walter Bedell Smith. He was formerly a US major general, Eisenhower's wartime chief-of-staff, and Harry Truman's ambassador to the Soviet Union. Later he became the fourth director of

the Central Intelligence Agency.

When General George C. Marshall became the Army's Chief of Staff in September 1939, he brought Walter 🐞 Smith to Washington, D.C., to be the assistant to the secretary of the General Staff.

One of Smith's duties was liaison with Major General

Edwin "Pa" Watson, the senior military aide to President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

By virtue of his proximity to the President, Pa Watson was present at some of the defining moments of the Second World War. These included a meeting about the Einstein–Szilard letter, which would

eventually lead to the creation of the Manhattan Project, and Roosevelt's agreement to the Atlantic Charter alongside British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, providing a framework for those values that would guide the postwar world.

On 15 April 1945, the Nazi governor

(Reichskommissar) of the Netherlands, Arthur Seyss-Inquart, offered to open up Amsterdam to food and coal shipments to ease the suffering of the civilian population. Walter Beadle Smith and Strong, representing SHAEF, along with Major General Ivan Susloparov representing the

Soviet Union, Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld representing the Dutch government, and Major General Sir Francis de Guingand from 21st Army Group, met with Seyss-Inquart in the Dutch village of Achterveld on 30 April 1945.

Bernhard helped found the World Wildlife Fund (WWF,

later renamed World Wide Fund for Nature), becoming its first president in 1961. In 1970, along with Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh and other associates, he established the WWF's financial endowment "The 1001: A Nature Trust". In 1954, he was a co-founder of the international

Bilderberg Group, which has met annually since then to discuss corporate globalisation and other issues concerning Europe and North America. He was forced to step down from both groups after being involved in the Lockheed Bribery Scandal in 1976.

Prince Betnhard went to work

for the German chemical giant IG Farben in the early 1930s, then the world's fourth-largest company. (It survives today as BASF, AGFA, and Bayer). He joined the statistics department of IG Farben's Berlin N.W. 7 department, the main Nazi overseas espionage centre (known as VOWI)

that evolved into the economic intelligence arm of the Wehrmacht. He lodged with Count Paul von Kotzebue (1884-1966), an exiled Russian nobleman of German descent, and his wife Allene Tew, who was born in the United States. After training, Bernhard became secretary in 1935 to

the board of directors at the Paris office.

Bernhard met then-Princess Juliana at the 1936 Winter Olympics at Garmisch-Partenkirchen. Juliana's mother, Queen Wilhelmina, had spent most of the 1930s looking for a suitable husband for Juliana.

Queen Wilhelmina of the

Netherlands, was Hudson Motor’s main stockholder.

The name "Hudson" came from Joseph L. Hudson, a Detroit department store entrepreneur and founder of Hudson's department store.

One of the lead "car men" and an organizer of the company was Roy D. Chapin Sr.

During his tenure

as Secretary of Commerce, Chapin was unsuccessful in persuading Henry Ford to provide financial help to avoid the collapse of the Union Guardian Trust Company of Detroit. Ford's refusal to aid the bank in averting a financial failure led to the Michigan Bank Holiday, an event

that began a series of state bank holidays and ultimately to the passage of Roosevelt administration's Emergency Banking Act of 1933.

In March 1929 General Motors purchased a controlling 80% holding in Opel. Henry Ford's reaction was a prompt decision to build a complete Ford

auto-factory in Germany, and before the end of 1929 a site at Cologne (Niehl) made available by the mayor of the city, Konrad Adenauer was acquired by Ford.

In December 1951, West German chancellor Konrad Adenauer secretly met World Jewish Congress president Nahum Goldmann at

Claridge's to begin negotiations on German reparations to Jewish survivors of the Holocaust.

In 1934 Nahum married Alice Gottschalk and they had two sons, Guido, born 1938 in Switzerland, who founded the German Marshall Fund in the United States in 1972.

Guido Goldman

graduated with a degree in government studies at Harvard University, and obtained a doctorate from the same university. During his time at the university, he is noted to have had future Secretary of State Henry Kissinger as his mentor. This relationship would grow in the years

to come, with Kissinger describing it as a "father-son relationship". Goldman went on to be Kissinger's confidant, serving as a link between the US and German politicians during his frequent trips to West Germany.

The Harvard Center for International Affairs was founded in 1958

by Robert R. Bowie and Henry Kissinger, assuming its current name in 1998 following an endowment by Albert and Celia Weatherhead and the Weatherhead Foundation.

In 1983 the center launched a research division known as the Program on Nonviolent Sanctions in Conflict and Defense

(aka Program on Nonviolent Sanctions, or PNS), which operated as a research division under the framework and policies of the center. Its focus was the use of nonviolent sanctions as a substitute for violent interventions. It was founded by Gene Sharp, who also founded the

independent non-profit Albert Einstein Institution (AEI) a few months later.