Jamir Pitton Rissardo Profile picture
Nov 6, 2022 25 tweets 13 min read Read on X
The dysfunctional little brain!!!
Part I

“regulates ‘rate, range, and force’ of movement”

Irish neurologist Gordon Morgan Holmes (1876–1965)

#MedTwitter #neurotwitter #EndNeurophobia

1/
Dyssynergia

“lack of integration of the components of the act results in decomposition of movement”

- rapid ‘repetitive’ movement

via: Dr Timothy Conwell

2/
Dyssynergia

“lack of integration of the components of the act results in decomposition of movement”

- rapid ‘repetitive’ movement

via: MatthewHR1

3/
Dysmetria

“errors in judging distance and gauging the distance, speed, power, and direction of movement”

- past pointing
- hypermetria is more common

via: onlinemedicalvideo

4/
Dysmetria

“errors in judging distance and gauging the distance, speed, power, and direction of movement”

via: Dr Hashir Malik

5/
Dysmetria

“errors in judging distance and gauging the distance, speed, power, and direction of movement”

via: MatthewHR1

6/
Dysmetria

- clear instructions
- finger & foot
- index near & far

via: UCD Medicine

7/
Dysmetria

“errors in judging distance and gauging the distance, speed, power, and direction of movement”

- modified to chin test

via: Adrienne Jackson

8/
Dysmetria

“errors in judging distance and gauging the distance, speed, power, and direction of movement”

via: Mamata Chimmalgi

9/
Dysdiadochokinesia

“clumsy term (coined by Babinski) that means inability to make rapid ‘alternating’ movement”

- antagonist-agonist coordination

youtube.com/c/DrTimothyCon… via: Dr Timothy Conwell

10/
Dysdiadochokinesia

“clumsy term (coined by Babinski) that means inability to make rapid ‘alternating’ movement”

- antagonist-agonist coordination

via: Neuron Bundle

11/
Dysdiadochokinesia

“clumsy term (coined by Babinski) that means inability to make rapid ‘alternating’ movement”

- antagonist-agonist coordination

via: MatthewHR1

12/
Dysdiadochokinesia Song

Dysdiadochokinesia
indicates a cerebellar lesion
rapid alternating movements
thigh, hand and foot tapping

via: Sthornhil

13/
Holmes (Stewart-Holmes) rebound phenomenon

“reflex when one attempts to move a limb against resistance that is suddenly removed”

- antagonist-agonist coordination
- loss of checking response
- normal, spasticity, cerebellar

via: Mamata Chimmalgi

14/
Holmes (Stewart-Holmes) rebound phenomenon

“reflex that occurs when one attempts to move a limb against resistance that is suddenly removed”

- loss of checking response

youtube.com/shorts/iN5YbmY… via: Dr.Pawan Soni

15/
Holmes (Stewart-Holmes) rebound phenomenon

“reflex that occurs when one attempts to move a limb against resistance that is suddenly removed”

- checking response

via: UCD Medicine

16/
Pendular reflex

“muscle hypotonicity and the lack of normal checking of the reflex response”

- hypotonia
- decrease tonic output of the cerebellar nuclei

via: Mamata Chimmalgi

17/
Pendular reflex

“muscle hypotonicity and the lack of normal checking of the reflex response”

- hypotonia
- decrease tonic output of the cerebellar nuclei

via: Real Medicine

18/
Pendular reflex

“muscle hypotonicity and the lack of normal checking of the reflex response”

- hypotonia
- decrease tonic output of the cerebellar nuclei

via: sthornhil

19/
Cerebellar wrist

- hypotonia
- extended and arched dorsally
- fingers hyperextended
- tendency toward overpronation

20/
Scanning speech

“slow, slurred, staccato, monotonous”

- ataxic dysarthria and/or MS dysarthria
- oral motor ataxia
- speech asynergy

via: allornonelaw

21/
Scanning speech

“slow, slurred, staccato, monotonous”

- ataxic dysarthria and/or MS dysarthria
- oral motor ataxia
- speech asynergy

via: neuro by neurologist rids

22/
Scanning speech

“slow, slurred, staccato, monotonous”

- ataxic dysarthria and/or MS dysarthria
- oral motor ataxia
- speech asynergy

via: prohealthsys

23/
Scanning speech

“slow, slurred, staccato, monotonous”

- ataxic dysarthria and/or MS dysarthria
- oral motor ataxia
- speech asynergy

via: UCD Medicine

24/
To be continued…

Part 2 – Next week

List of "Twitter Threads"

neuronland.blogspot.com

25/

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More from @theneurolander

Aug 23, 2024
Pourfour du Petit Syndrome
The reverse Horner syndrome!

François Pourfour du Petit (1664–1741)
- 1st to describe

#MedTwitter #neurotwitter #EndNeurophobia #tweetorials

1/ Image
Definition

“ipsilateral mydriasis, hyperhidrosis, and eyelid retraction”

2/
Pathophysiology

oculosympathetic chain irritation causing the clinical signs of hyperactivity of the sympathetic pathway

- causes are the same as those for Horner syndrome

3/
Read 12 tweets
Aug 17, 2024
Apraxia!
The disorder of motor cognition

Hugo Karl Liepmann (1863 - 1925)

#MedTwitter #neurotwitter #EndNeurophobia #tweetorials

1/ Image
Definition

“Inability to perform a higher motor task”

It can’t be explained by weakness, sensory loss, or lack understanding

2/
Apraxia assessment

Pantomime
Meaningful hand gestures
Buccofacial apraxia
Meaningless hand gesture
Luria 3-steps task

*Describe the body part and the impaired movement
*Consider mistake, if persist after correction

3/ Image
Read 36 tweets
Jul 28, 2024
House of Words: Aphasias!

Armand Trousseau (1801 – 1867)
French internist

1/ Image
History

Late 18th, Gall
- speech function localized frontal lobes

Dax, 1986
- aphasia & L hemisphere

Broca, 1861
- lesion L inferior frontal convolution

Trousseau, 1862
- coined aphasia term

Wernicke, 1864
- speech comprehension

Lichtheim, 1885
- subcortical aphasia

2/ Image
Definition

“disorder of language, including impairment in ability to produce, understand, and repeat speech, as well as defects in the ability to read and write.”

*deficit affecting only speech is usually dysarthria

3/ Image
Read 25 tweets
Jan 26, 2023
Diencephalon location
- around the 3rd ventricle

The cavity of the diencephalon is ----- the 3rd ventricle
All of the structures of the diencephalon are around the 3rd ventricle, so the cavity of the diencephalon is the 3rd ventricle.

2/
Diencephalon embryology

- prosencephalon

3/ Image
Read 36 tweets
Jan 12, 2023
The Examination in Coma

“the father of modern neurological surgery”

American neurosurgeon Harvey Williams Cushing (1869–1939)

#MedTwitter #neurotwitter #EndNeurophobia #tweetorials

1/ Image
Definition

“a state of unarousable unresponsiveness”

Parts
a. level of consciousness
b. vital signs (BP & breathing pattern)
c. cranial nerves (fundoscopy + vision + brainstem)
d. motor & sensory
e. reflex
f. meningeal signs

2/
Level of consciousness

Normal
Clouding of consciousness
Confusion/delirium
Lethargy
Obtundation
Stupor
Coma

3/ Image
Read 30 tweets
Dec 26, 2022
Drifts!!!

French neurologist Jean Alexandre Barré (1880–1967)

#MedTwitter #neurotwitter #EndNeurophobia #tweetorials

1/
The four types of drift

“pronator, cerebellar, parietal, and functional”

- pronator drift (pyramidal drift) was the 1st to be described
- Dr. Barre was the 1st to report it

2/
Pronator drift (Barre’s sign)

progress from distal to proximal

1st downward arm drift
2nd forearm pronation
3rd flexion of the wrist and elbow

3/
Read 18 tweets

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