Zotero is the best citation management software — it's free and does not monetize your data

But many folks have a hard time starting out on it.

Here's how you can get started on Zotero in 15min:

Zotero for beginners: a step-by-step tutorial 🧵
Go to Zotero's website, click on the "Download" button. A screenshot of the landing page of Zotero. A yellow arrow p
You'll need to install two things:

1. Zotero desktop app
2. Zotero Connector to connect your app to your web browser

Download and install the desktop app first.

[For this tutorial, I'm using a Windows PC, and Google Chrome.] A screenshot of Zotero's homepage. A red rectangle highlight
Open the Zotero desktop app once it's installed. It's interface will look like this.

[I couldn't take a screenshot of the welcome message. If anyone does, please share.] A screenshot of the main user interface of the Zotero deskto
Go back to Zotero's homepage.

Click on "Install Chrome Connector."

[Zotero Connectors are also available for Microsoft Edge and Firefox. The Connector for Safari is bundled with Zotero. You can enable it form the Extension pane of the Safari preferences.] A screenshot of Zotero's homepage. A red rectangle highlight
You'll be taken to the Zotero Connector in the Chrome Web Store.

Click on "Add to Chrome." A screenshot of the Zotero Connector in the Chrome Web Store
After adding the Zotero Connector, click on the puzzle-like sign in the top right corner of Chrome.

It will open your Chrome Extensions.

Go to Zotero and pin it to your Chrome. A screenshot of Google Chrome on Mushtaq's computer. A red r
Now go back to Zotero's landing page and create a free account. A screenshot of Zotero's login page. A red rectangle highlig
Now go to the Zotero desktop app and click on "File" and then "New Collections."

[Zotero's collections are *like* folders but they aren't exactly folders. Tell us if you know what the difference is.] A screenshot of Zotero's main user interface. A yellow arrow
Think of a project you've worked on in the past and use its title to name the collection: [Project Name]-Mock.

Avoid doing it with a work-in-progress when starting out.

[For illustrative purposes, I'm naming the collection "Pakistani Anglophone Literature - Mock."] A screenshot of the "New Collection" menu in Zoter
Go to Google Scholar and look up keywords related to your project.

[I'm looking up "Pakistani Anglophone Literature."]

Then click on the Zotero Connector in the top right corner.

[You can also do this with your university's library or a search engine like PubMed.] A screenshot of a Google Scholar page showing search results
This will open a "Zotero Item Selector" box with all the search results on the page.

Select the items relevant to your project. A screenshot of the Zotero Item Selector on a Google Scholar
Zotero will show that it's saving the items in your library.

Since I named the collection "Pakistani Anglophone Literature" and looked up the same words, Zotero automatically knows where to save these items. A screenshot of the Zotero Connector saving items to the col
Go to the Zotero desktop app and you will see all the selected items in the relevant collection.

But that's not it.

Zotero will also look for un-paywalled PDFs of these items from around the web and add them to your collection. A screenshot of the items in the "Pakistani Anglophone
You can also add items using DOIs, PMIDs, and ISBNs.

To do so, click on the "Add Item(s) by Identifier" button and paste the relevant identifier.

Here I'm adding an item using its DOI.

[Quiz: the first person to tell me the title of this item will get a free Zotero workshop.] A screenshot of Mushtaq's Zotero library. A red rectangle po
Once you've added the items, you can open them up by double clicking on them.

You can annotate a PDF (left pane) and take notes (right pane) *in* Zotero. A screenshot of a PDF opened in Zotero's inbuilt PDF reader.
Now open a blank document in MS Word.

You'll see that Zotero has automatically installed a plugin. A screenshot of a blank document in MS Word. Two red rectang
Select a quote from one of the papers in your collection, and type it in the document.

To add an in-text citation, click on "Add/Edit Citation" in the Zotero menu. A screenshot of an MS Word document. A yellow arrow points t
Zotero may open "Document Preferences" with a list of available citation styles.

Select the style appropriate to your field. A screenshot of Zotero's "Document Preferences" in
Zotero will open a red search bar. A screenshot of Zotero's citation search bar in MS Word.
Enter the name of the author you want to cite.

Zotero will show you the relevant item in your library.

Select the item. A screenshot of the Zotero citation search bar in MS Word wi
Zotero will prepare the citation for insertion.

You can also add page numbers by clicking on the citation in the search bar.

Add a few in-text citations from different items in your collection. A screenshot of a citation in the Zotero's citation search b
Once you're done with in-text citations, click on "Add/Edit Bibliography" in the Zotero tab. A screenshot of an MS Word document. A yellow arrow points t
Zotero will add the bibliography according to the style you had selected. A screenshot of a document in MS Word. A red rectangle highl
One last thing: go and log in to your Zotero account. A screenshot of Zotero's login page.
Click on "Web Library" and you will see that your library in the Zotero desktop app is available in your web library too. A screenshot of the collection "Pakistani Anglophone Li
Hope you found this tutorial useful.

And if you did:

1. Scroll to the top and retweet the first tweet to share it with your friends and colleagues.

2. Follow me @MushtaqBilalPhD for more Zotero tutorials.
If you're interested in learning more about Zotero, here are a few more tutorials for you.

Ignore the first one since it's quite similar to this one.

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More from @MushtaqBilalPhD

Nov 27
6 incredible resources developed by top universities to help you become a proficient academic writer — totally free:
1. Harvard College Writing Center

Contains:
• Strategies for essay writing
• Tips on close reading
• Guides for writing in the disciplines

writingcenter.fas.harvard.edu/pages/resources
2. Hamilton College Writing Center

Contains:
• Strategies for essay writing
• Tips on writing styles and forms
• Guides for writing in the sciences

hamilton.edu/academics/cent…
Read 8 tweets
Nov 26
5 books that will help you build healthy academic writing habits (so you can write a lot and publish a lot):
1. "The Clockwork Muse" by Eviatar Zerubavel

Great advice on how to organize your writing process in terms of time.

A-Time: reserved for writing new material
B-Time: for "mechanical" tasks like compiling bibliography, etc.
C-Time: meant for house chores The Clockwork Muse: A Pract...
2. "How to Write a Lot" by Paul Silvia

It will teach you how to build a sustainable writing schedule.

Also contains tips on how to start a writing group with your friends and colleagues. How to Write a Lot: A Pract...
Read 7 tweets
Nov 24
Recently, I wrote several threads on academic writing that went (sort of) viral on Academic Twitter.

Thought I'd put them together so folks can find them all in one place.

So, here goes 👇

The habit and process of academic writing: a meta-thread 🧵
1. How to build an academic writing habit (to write a lot and publish a lot):

2. How to get started on a piece of academic writing (like a seminar paper, journal article, dissertation chapter, etc.):

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Nov 23
A question that every academic asks: which journal should I submit my article to?

To help academics decide, Taylor & Francis has developed an amazing tool called "Journal Suggester."

Here's how to use it 👇
Click on the link below and open the Journal Suggester: authorservices.taylorandfrancis.com/publishing-you…
Paste your abstract in the white rectangular box.

Then click on "Reveal Suggested Journals" at the bottom of your screen.

It will give you a list of suggested journals with the most relevant ones on top. A screenshot of Taylor & Fr...
Read 6 tweets
Nov 22
Hustle, Love, and Regret (The Story of My PhD):
"I never took a straight path nowhere
Life's full of twist and turns
Bumps and bruises, I live I learn"

— 50 Cent, "Big Rich Town"
In the final year of my high school, I wrote a short story in which the protagonist falls in love with a flame.

It ends with him jumping into a huge fire as an act of consummation of his love.
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Nov 20
5 dumb things I did during my PhD...and 5 smart:
Dumb things first (in no particular order of dumbness) 😀
❌Trying to prove myself

👎 Like many international and first-gen PhDs in the US, I tried to prove I was smart enough to be there.

😢 This made me feel insecure and anxious.

✅ You're smart, that's why you're in a PhD program. You don't have to prove anything.
Read 14 tweets

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