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Arys🏺🪶 Profile picture
@ArysPan
Dec 2, 2022 • 6 tweets • 3 min read • Read on X
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Byzantine #mosaic of Virgin Mary holding baby Christ in her lap. There are "The Mother of God" monograms around them. 10th c. CE

South door in the vestibule of #HagiaSophia, Istanbul

#Archaeology
To our right, Constantine the Great as a saint while crowned with the imperial stemma, carries the City that bares his name and offers it to the Virgin Mary.

The inscription reads - Constantine, the Great Emperor amongst the saints. (ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟC Ο ΕΝ ΑΓΙΟΙC ΜΕΓΑC ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥC ).
To our left, Justinian the First; also with a halo and the imperial stemma (crown). Justinian is holding the church of Hagia Sophia and offers it to the Virgin Mary.
The inscription reads - "Justinian Emperor of illustrious memory" ( ΙΟΥΣΤΙΝΙΑΝΟC Ο ΑΟΙΔΙΜOC ΒΑCIΛΕΥC)
The vestibule functioned originally as a passage for processions. Later it also functioned as the main entrance to the Patriarchal Palace and to the cathedral (?).
The regal image of the Mother of God enthroned, reigns over both emperor and the common man; all equal before Christ
Professor Thomas Whittemore, the man who lead the restoration of the 1930's. The mosaic was covered with plaster after the conquest.
On the right is the imperial room and next to it the imperial cupboard, where the crown might have been stored when the Emperor entered the church
The mosaic is thought to have been made to celebrate the victory over the Kievan Rus-Bulgarian alliance (battle of Arcadiopolis ~ Siege of Dorostolon (971 AD) by the Emperor John Tzimiskis I or the victory against the Bulgarian Empire in the battle of Kleidion (Basil II, 1014).

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More from @ArysPan

Arys🏺🪶 Profile picture
Jun 18, 2023
In 2022 a treasure trove found in a desert cave in Israel, dating back to King Antiochus IV Epiphanes (175-164 BC).

According to the Israeli Antiquities Authority represents the "first evidence in the Judean Desert for the Maccabean revolt" against the Greek Seleucid Empire. Image
The Seleucid Empire covered large swaths of the Middle East and Central Asia but its power started to diminish.

King Antiochus IV Epiphanes which is referred to in Jewish sources as "The Wicked" is known for banning Jewish practices and traditions. Image
In the year 167 BC started a major Jewish rebellion against the Empire and against Greek influence on Jewish traditional life.
The Seleucid King Antiochus IV Epiphanes launched a massive campaign against the rebels. Image
Read 5 tweets
Arys🏺🪶 Profile picture
May 22, 2023
Ancient Greek geographic terms

𝘏𝘦𝘴𝘱𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘢 "western land" (Lit., land of the Setting Sun) initially the Italian peninsula and later Iberia & Western North Africa.

𝘈𝘯𝘢𝘵𝘰𝘭𝘪𝘢 "eastern land" (Lit., land of the Rising Sun), the peninsula of Asia Minor (modern Turkey). 1680s map - The Mediterran...
Both term are influenced from a Greek point of view. Anatolia initially meant the lands in the east in general but it came to be traditionally associated with Asia Minor, and remains in use in various occasions even today.
Anatolḗ (Ἀνατολή, means the East & the rising sun). Image
Hesperia comes from the word Hespēra (Έσπέρα, the time just before the sun is going to set/evening) and is associated with Hésperos, the Evening Star (planet Venus). A son of the dawn goddess Eos and brother of Atlas (according to some versions of the myths). Image
Read 5 tweets
Arys🏺🪶 Profile picture
May 22, 2023
Legendary Cities of the Bronze Age Image
troyexcavations.com/troia-antik-ke…
history.com/topics/ancient…
Read 4 tweets
Arys🏺🪶 Profile picture
May 19, 2023
Statues of Egyptians Gods guarding the four entrances around a pyramidal structure? A fish pond with marble oil lamps next to roman baths by the sea and just few km away from Athens?

That's the "sanctuary of the Egyptian Gods" of Herodes Atticus (160 AD) in Nea Makri, Attica Image
The worship of Isis and Osiris adopted by the Greeks after Alexander's conquest of Egypt. Isis can be identified here with the goddess Demeter or Aphrodite, while Sarapis, the Hellenized form of Osiris, was equated with powerful gods of the Greek pantheon. Image
This tradition continued in the Roman period and many prominent Romans, as the Emperor Hadrian. Hadrian had built a Serapeion on an artificial islet at Tivoli, close to Rome, modeled on the Serapeion of the town of Canopus on the Nile Delta.
Read 7 tweets
Arys🏺🪶 Profile picture
May 13, 2023
Oh the modern counter attack.

Let's put this straight once again since the "historian" Luka is somehow fails to do so.

1) There's no fall of Rome, it's the fall of Western Rome.

2) Charlemagne, the Frankish King is not considered a continuation of the Western Roman Empire.
Merely reveals the aspirations of the Papacy to unhinged itself from the grips of Constantinople and re-create from scratch a long gone title of "Roman Emperor" in the West, one much more closer to the Papacy, to serve better for its political/religious ambitions.
Whatever cultural inheritance Rome left in the West is an open debate, especially in the modern academia, a very interesting talk truly, but not a political one...there's no, not even one historian to really keep ignoring the finality of the fall of the empire in the West and
Read 4 tweets
Arys🏺🪶 Profile picture
May 12, 2023
Child on a swing (aiora)

Attic red-figure chous, attributed to the Eretria Painter. Probably from Koropi (Attica), 430-425 B.C.

National Archaeological Museum, Athens Image
The vase features a scene associated with the Aiōra (Swing) ritual, which probably took place in Attica during the Anthesteria festival, in honor of Dionysus.

The swing ritual is connected with the myth of Erigone, daughter of Icarius. Icarius had been initiated by the god Image
Dionysos into the art of wine making; nevertheless, he met his death at the hands of his compatriots who, not having experienced the consequences of drinking, thought he had poisoned them. Erigone, unable to cope with the loss of her father, hanged herself from a tree!
Read 5 tweets

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