According to Serat Katuranggan Kucing, Javanese "manuscript of cats", specific cat types have characteristics that affect those who keep them. The manuscript describes various types of cats in tembang (verses to sing). 1/8
Some cat types have specific names. For example, Satria Wibawa ("Honorable Warrior") is a cat with consistent markings covering its feet, face, and body, preferably with short/bobbed tail. A cat that helps to achieve life goal and makes wishes come true. 2/8
Two opposite cat types are described as Wulan Krahingan ("daylight moon", black cat with white belly spot) and Wulan Purnama ("full moon", white cat with black belly spot) in different verses. They are believed to bring happiness and luck. 3/8
Cats with large black/dark spots on its back are called Sangga Buana ("pillar of the world"). This cat type is seen as a sign of prosperity and fortune. This applies to any types of coat and color as long as there are spots on the back. 4/8
White cat with dark markings or spots on its head is called Bujangga Hamengku, a combination of "wise person/poet" and "protector". An especially auspicious type spiritually, especially if it has short tail or bobbed tail ("buntut bundel"). 5/8
A cat that tends to be quiet or doesn't have pronounced meow is called Wisnu Atonda, another auspicious type. The name came from Vishnu, the God of Preservation in Hindu religion, and the word "signs". The sign of hidden wisdom, perhaps? 6/8
There is no specific name for a black cat with white socks, but this cat is depicted as the harbinger of joyful and content life. Bonus point if it has a short tail or bobbed tail. 7/8
There are also verses that describe auspicious cat behaviors. For example, cats that sleep on their owner's hat, cap, or any clothing items will bring good luck or long-awaited changes. Same with cats that get playful with their owner as soon as they wake up. 8/8
Text image and verses were taken from the version Serat Katoerangganing Koetjing, 1871 (Javanese year: 1799), published by G. C. T van Dorp & Co., Semarang, Central Java.
(This is not just about source. I just needed a reason to post extra cat picture.)
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Tamra Maew (The Treatise of Cats) is an illustrated Thai manuscript that consists of "auspicious" cat types (possibly serves as breeding standard). Each cat picture is accompanied by a poetic verse that describes its characteristics.
The Treatise of Cats is believed to be originated from the Ayutthaya period, but the most extant specimens came from the 19th Century. It is a class of samut khoi, a folding book manuscript widely used in many Buddhist cultures.
Below are examples of the verses in English. 2/10
Ninlarat ("Dark Sapphire")
"As the name, the breed. Dark Sapphire,
Perfect shiny black form,
Teeth, eyes, claws, tongue, black as the body,
And a tapering tail to the end, running back to touch the head." 3/10
Serat Ngalamating Kucing is a Javanese manuscript from Yogyakarta that consists of verses depicting different types of cats. Each verse depicts a unique type of cat and its traits, written in the form of "tembang", poetic lines that can be sung. A thread for #FolkloreThursday
For example, a verse about a cat called "wulan krahingan" (daylight moon) depicts a black cat with white belly spot, preferably on the left and with short tail. This type of cat is believed to bring luck and grant wishes.
Another type of cat called "pujanggana mengku" (a poet's cradle) has white coat except for a black spot on its head. This cat is said to symbolize good virtues and integrity, a reminder for the owner to match the cat's quality with their attitude.
R. A. Kartini designed this teakwood jewelry box as a wedding gift for Mary Fortuyn Drooglever and Geldoph Adriaan Abendanon (the Javanese letters on the lid are spelled "Ma-Ri").
📷: Feri Latief at Museum R. A. Kartini Rembang, Central Java
Rumah Kartini studied Kartini's letters to Rosa Manuel Abendanon-Mandri to uncover the true nature of the box, which had been called "Kartini's sewing kit box" before. The box is adorned with wayang characters on the surface and inside of the lid, complete with satin interior.
The characters that adorn the lid might be Kangsadewa and Kakrasana. Meanwhile, the characters on the inner part of the lid might be Srikandi and Sembadra. The lid also has small cloud patterns as "frame", perhaps showing the Chinese art influence.
Really enjoy reading the exchange of letters between Tolkien and his son, Christopher, during the latter's time in South Africa to train as a pilot. They discussed the progress of LotR writing in each letter, but their talks also expanded to so many topics.
Letter 61, for example, dated 18 April 1944, started with Tolkien saying that Christopher's letters made him so happy, he delayed breakfast just to read them all. He also decried "the stupidity of war" and wished that Christopher didn't follow his path.
After talking about the passage into the Dead Marshes, Tolkien decried the treatment of people of color in South Africa, referring to local conditions Christopher had described. Apparently, Tolkien's mother had discussed it several times.
Without Christopher Tolkien (21 November 1926 - 16 January 2020), the world of Tolkien studies and our understanding of his vast expanse of imagination would not have been like now. So bear with my thread for a while.
📷: Dakin Andone
1. Christopher was Tolkien's number one fan, the one most understand his father's work after Tolkien himself. Starting from listening to tales of Bilbo Baggins as a kid, he assisted Tolkien in drawing maps and giving feedback during the 15-year gestation of Lord of the Rings.
2. He briefly served in Royal Air Force, but it didn't stop his contribution to Tolkien's writing in LOTR, since his father kept sending him parts of LOTR manuscripts. In 1945, he joined The Inklings literary club following Tolkien, where he read parts of LOTR manuscripts.