There is a lot to consider in this first-line study of the #KRAS G12C inhibitor adagrasib plus pembrolizumab from #ESMOImmuno22. Some pleasant surprises in terms of safety. Definitely encouraging but need to see a bit more to be sold on this strategy. 🤔 #LCSM
We're looking for synergy with the two agents - more than an additive effect. Reason to believe there will be based on preclinical data showing the effect on T-cell infiltration from #KRAS inhibition. Similar to what has been shown with MEK inhibition. #ESMOImmuno22
The first-line dataset includes the phase Ib KRYSTAL-1 and the phase II KRYSTAL-7. In KRYSTAL-1 (n=7), 4/7 had a response and all were durable (>9m). G3 TRAEs in 4 pts (lipase elevation, LFTs, muscular pain, pneumothorax). #ESMOImmuno22
In KRYSTAL-7, 75 pts enrolled with efficacy reported in 53 pts: 14 just enrolled and 8 stopped before the first scan. Catches my eye a little: 1L setting and 19% drop out early including 5 deaths not related to treatment. If death due to PD, that should be included in efficacy.
#ESMOImmuno22 Half were PDL1 high and nearly all smokers, expected with #KRAS G12C. The safety data are reassuring and better than I would have wagered. Focus on LFTs and <10% G3 with no G4+. TRAEs led to dose reduction in 31% and interruption in 41%. G3+ pneumonitis in 3%.
KRYSTAL-7: 1L adagrasib + pembrolizumab in #KRAS G12C had RR 49%, DCR 89% with a very impressive waterfall plot. In PDL1 high, RR 59% (13/22) and in PDL1 low, RR 48% (10/21). For PDL1 negative, 3/10 responses. TTR 1.4m and 66% still on therapy. #ESMOImmuno22
Data shown for pts enrolled for ≥ 6m on KRYSTAL-7. RR in this cohort was 56%. Overall, high response rates and reassuring safety signals. Planning phase III studies of adagrasib + pembrolizumab vs standard IO or chemo-IO. Homerun? Not quite yet, in my opinion. #ESMOImmuno22
Key is durability, landmark PFS and long-term survival. With IO alone, a subset of pts will be cured (or at least achieve long term survival). Will adding adagrasib increase those cured? If we can induce more CD8+ T-cell infiltration into the tumor and turn cold into hot, maybe!
But if an added agent induces toxicity - will that lead to premature cessation? Will that lead to high dose steroids early in the course? Would that negate the long-term IO effect and leave only the transient targeted therapy benefit? That would be tragic.
I find the combination data encouraging. More appealing in those unlikely to get long-term IO benefit (STK11 etc). For the others - we need to see the long-term impact before we declare success.
"One must wait until the evening to see how splendid the day has been." - Sophocles
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Dr. Shun Lu presents interim results from the perioperative NEOTORCH study at the #ASCOPlenarySeries. Randomized pts with resectable stage II/III NSCLC to perioperative chemotherapy with toripalimab (anti-PD1) vs placebo. Another entry in the perioperative space? #LCSM
Includes resectable stage II/III (AJCC v8), EGFR/ALK wild type NSCLC. Pts receive 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy + toripalimab vs placebo then surgery then 1 more cycle of adjuvant chemo (+tori/pbo) then 13 doses of maintenance toripalimab vs placebo. #ASCOPlenarySeries
First interim EFS analysis only for stage III. Includes 404 pts - but 926 screened. Would be interesting to see specific eligibility criteria not met in screening process. Reminder of how selected trial populations are and value of future real-world analyses. #ASCOPlenarySeries
Impressive data from #AEGEAN at #AACR23 from Dr. John Heymach and colleagues. This is the first of several phase III peri-operative IO studies in resectable NSCLC combining neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy followed by adjuvant immunotherapy.
Included stage IIA-IIIB (AJCC v8) with no EGFR/ALK & excluded pts who would require pneumonectomy. Large study with n=801 (CM816 was n=358). Pts received 4 cycles (not 3) of platinum-based chemo with durvalumab (anti-PDL1) or placebo, then surgery, then durvalumab / placebo x 1y.
Almost 75% received carboplatin over cisplatin. Global study; fairly even PDL1 distribution. 80% of pts went to surgery, 78% completed resection (90-95% of those were R0). Overall, 66% of pts began adjuvant phase (but 90% of those who had an R0 resection had adjuvant therapy).
Dr. @ZPiotrowskaMD presents initial results from the ELIOS trial at #ESMO22 - molecular profiling of #EGFR mutant NSCLC after progression on 1L osimertinib.
In this study of highly motivated pts at esteemed sites, evaluable paired biopsy at PD only available in 46/115 pts (40%). Interestingly, 75 pts (65%) had paired biopsy but 27 failed NGS (23%). Speaks somewhat to the real world feasibility of a repeat biopsy approach. #ESMO22
Common co-mutations at baseline included TP53, EGFR amp, and CDKN2A loss. Acquired alterations included MET amp, EGFR C797S, ALK fusion, NKX2-1 amp. Mostly mutually exclusive. #ESMO22
Dr. Silvia Novello presents 5y update on KEYNOTE 407 (platinum plus tax and +/- pembrolizumab for 1L squamous NSCLC #ESMO22
With longer follow up, OS favors pembrolizumab arm with mOS 17.2 vs 11.6m (OS HR 0.71) in squamous NSCLC. 5y OS rate 18.4% vs 9.7%. PFS benefit (HR 0.62) and higher RR across PDL1 strata. #ESMO22
For patients who complete 2y of pembrolizumab, 3y OS rate (after completing 2y pembro) was 70% - though not all of those patients are cured (44% were alive without PD or subsequent therapy). #ESMO22
Dr. @marinagarassino presents 5-year efficacy and safety update of KEYNOTE-189 (1L carboplatin plus pemetrexed +- pembrolizumab in non-squamous NSCLC) #ESMO22
KEYNOTE 189 is our SOC and has shown a consistent benefit including improving OS even with a crossover rate of 57%. #ESMO22
KEYNOTE 189 shows sustained OS benefit with longer follow up and a 5y OS rate of 18.4% with an OS HR of 0.60. Better PFS and OS also observed. Benefit across PDL1 strata. No new safety signals . #ESMO22
Dr. Baohui Han presents SUNRISE: randomized phase II study of sintilimab (PD1) and anlotinib (anti-angiogenic TKI) in metastatic NSCLC. #ESMO22
Study design here shows randomization to first-line sintilimab + anlotinib or chemo (with sintilimab at progression). Some concerns about randomization to chemotherapy without immunotherapy in a modern day study. #ESMO22
Baseline characteristics show a fairly high proportion of never smokers. SUNRISE excluded EGFR, ALK, and ROS1 - would like details on testing methods and presence of other drivers. More pts with brain and liver metastases in the sintilimab + anlotinib arm. #ESMO22