At times like these, when the news is ironically dominated by the failure of a centralized custodian but served as if it's a crypto failure, it’s important to remember why we are here.
Over the next few days and weeks, I'm going to be talking about innovations in blockchain that I believe are solving real world challenges. #ThisisWhyWeCrypto
In 2013, David Murdock, the chairman, CEO and biggest shareholder of Dole Food Co (yes, connected to one time presidential candidate Bob Dole), took it private for $13.50 a share.
The shareholders felt that the price was way too low, so they sued Murdock for self-dealing, and won an additional $2.74, plus interest, per share.
The only problem?
There were a total of 4,662 shareholders claiming a total of 49,164,415 shares for a company that issued only 36,793,758!
So.
What
H
A
P
P
E
N
E
D
?
It turns out that over the preceding years, when the shares were traded during off market hours, the systems that Wall Street used to trade the shares could not keep track.
Multiple people ended up thinking that they owned the same shares. In crypto parlance, Wall Street double-minted.
They had just one job, to keep track of assets, and they failed.
The impact of this on the share price is incalculable. They printed 36% extra shares, but depending on which portion of the demand curve they straddled, the price could well have been impacted by a very large number.
The entire episode was hushed in order not to create widespread panic about the trustworthiness of our financial system. Press coverage, save by the indefatigable @matt_levine, was quite limited.
In contrast, crypto assets in DeFi are readily auditable by the public at all times and cannot be manufactured out of the thin air. We do not need to rely on the say-so of any operator. We build safeguards into the fabric of our (non-centralized) systems. #ThisIsWhyWeCrypto
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Avalanche just released a universal, trustless interchain messaging feature that marks the beginning of a new era for scalable blockchain applications.
Developing on Avalanche is now easier for more devs with the launch of the new Avalanche Rust SDK, an important step for the development of Avalanche Virtual Machines and Subnets.
Here's why ⬇️
Subnet architecture is the foundation for developers to create their own blockchains. The new Rust SDK is a toolkit of building blocks giving Rust developers an open canvas to create their own custom Virtual Machine in pure Rust on Avalanche.
Bundling and abstracting away consensus, networking, RPCs, etc, greatly reduces the time required to go from concept to deployment.
@_patrickogrady has a detailed breakdown of everything in the kit:
Ok, question that came out of my weekly podcast: in computing a polycule, do you take the transitive closure of all the partners, or do you take the strongly connected component?
If A is partners with (B and C), B is partners with (A, C, and D), and C is partners with (A, B), is the polycule
a. A, B, C, D or
b. A, B, C
Inquiring minds want to know, poly friends as well as others, please chime in.
Proof of Reserves is a good start, but it needs to be coupled with Proof of Liabilities in order to be useful.
You have to be able to say: 1. sum of reserves >= sum of liabilities 2. there are no *other* liabilities
(1) is relatively easy, by providing a Merkle tree of reserves and a crowdsourced list where everyone can check that their own account is listed as a liability.
(2) is a hard problem. The CEO could obtain an off-the-proof/off-the-books line of credit and gamble it away, causing an additional liability not in the PoR/PoL proofs.
These are tumultuous times. I’ve heard that a lot of Avalanche-native projects have been insulated from the FTX plague, but if that’s not the case please reach out:
Like every crisis in crypto, communities will grow stronger through lessons learned here. Having been through many of those moments (Mt. Gox, DAO Hack, countless other protocol failures), I can, without a doubt, reassure you that it will get better.
I encourage everyone to take care of yourselves first, then check-in with friends and peers across communities, prioritizing kindness above all else.
So many people on my timeline have the wrong take on this. No, free speech doesn't require you to pay $8/month. No, you can't pay $8 and pretend to be POTUS.
Blue checkmarks can play three roles: 1. Sybil protection: They guard against bots pretending to be millions of people in support of an idea 2. Authentication: They validate that the person behind the account has the displayed name.
3. Weighting: because the account is verified not to be a bot, it can be displayed higher in timelines, be displayed in more timelines, etc.
The third one presents an interesting trade-off against the other two.