Immune dysfunction after Covid19.
We've known since 2020.
We do not know if it is progressive, but w reinfections pretty high & viral persistence occurring it does not matter.
A thread from my threads - the top 12 papers showing clear immune dysregulation in chronological order!
1/4 Now that I have had time to read through this, it is a solid study of attenuated immune response (CD8+ T cells) after infection focussing on mRNA vaccine-induced immunity & adding to the now large body of evidence that as authors state, (see tweet 2) cell.com/action/showPdf…
2/4 "This suggests that SARS-CoV-2 virus infection may cause long-term damage to the patients’ immune system well after viral clearance."
3/4 There are some limitations, but this study adds, among other things, to the body of evidence showing that most immunologists, at least those studying Covid, in fact argue immune dysregulation - at least for some time.
Body of evidence here. whn.global/scientific/cov…
Has been some discussion on two plots about hazard ratios from reinfections.
This one is from tabulated data in the Aly paper put into a plot. It is NOT 'made up' any more than any real plot of scientific data.
This one was a hypothetical plot not based on specific scientific data. It is NOT real.
This latter plot and the data are described in some detail here.
The concerted attack on the solid science of immune dysregulation seems to indicate the only meeting was not in Davos. Was there a minimisers convention?
Strawmaning 'child immunity' and then discussing general immune dysregulation as in the Munro article is nonsense. We have few studies in children, so we really do not know. But, we know in adults and should take care of children while we wait to find out.
2/20 A few persistent individuals chose 1 or 2 references or say many are for severe disease and try to use strawman arguments to argue immune deficiency is not persisting after covid. The evidence seems against them. I do say in the tweet ‘most are severe, but some are mild.’
3/20 Although I long ago published immune-related papers (PNAS and Trends in Immunology) on catecholamines in lymphocytes, I am not an immune expert. But, I am a scientist qualified to read the current papers.
Most immunologists seem to agree covid harms the immune system. Some are resistant and did not like my original thread of papers. Here I begin 36 more refs that show/imply immune damage. Many studies are for severe covid, but some mild.
Original thread:
1/ August 13, 2020
Good overview. “The systemic COVID-19 syndrome is usually accompanied by mild lymphopaenia*, neutrophilia*, fever, thrombocytopenia*, hyperferritinaemia*," etc immunology.org/sites/default/…
2/ September 28, 2020
“COVID-19 patients presented with dysregulated immune response (decreased T, B, and NK cells and increased inflammatory cytokines).” nature.com/articles/s4159…
1/ Started to read this wondering if I should add it to my pinned thread on covid and the brain. After reading it, I will not. The journal Biological Psychiatry should be embarrassed. I cannot find ANY attempt to consider covid infections. Huge oversight. bpsgos.org/article/S2667-…
2/ Small errors in papers are expected, but errors that can make the data not support the conclusions disable the entire paper. That is the case here wo considering a variable already shown to affect brain volumes, some of the same examined here.
3/ There are now several good studies showing a change in brain area volume with covid. See my pinned thread. Then ignore this paper.