There are gross elements in every historical aesthetic. Suits can be reduced to the rise of the Second British Empire. Ivy style is associated with privileges derived from inherited wealth. But when you dig deeper into these aesthetics, their histories are more complicated 🧵
The cowboy/girl aesthetic appeals bc it reference a type of American character: self-reliance, resourcefulness, practicality, optimism, and rugged individualism. You can trace this association back to Frederick Turner's thesis on the origins of American identity & polity.
Turner believed that Americans' experience on the frontier made them particularly self-reliant and uninterested in social hierarchies. It didn't matter if you were a titled Duke on the frontier, as every person had to survive. American politics and identity grew out of this
Of course, the thesis is problematic. Turner directly refers to Native Americans as savages, and pretends that frontier Americans just went westward and discovered land (rather than forcefully taking it). The cowboy is not just an independent character, he's sometimes violent.
Nonetheless, Turner eventually set the tone for a lot of storytelling in the 20th century. As historian William Appleman Williams wrote, Turner’s ideas soon “rolled through the universities and into popular literature like a tidal wave."
Nine years after Turner published his thesis, Owen Wister published The Virginian, the first Western novel. The Virginian is about a tall ranch hand with a deep personality and an ongoing romance with a frail East Coast woman who’s not used to the Wild West.
Being a virtuous character, this cowboy resists the temptation to run down his enemies but is eventually forced into a climactic gun dual. Sound familiar? That's because this storyline set the template for the Western film genre in the decades following.
Hollywood churned out hit after hit, each movie traveling along the same well-rutted road: Dodge City (1939), Red River (1948), Rio Grande (1950), Shane (1953), The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance (1962), and many more.
Eventually, the storyline became tired, the tropes too old, and the genre mostly burned out. In the 1970s, Native American protestors made Americans more aware of the problematic history of this country. This culminated in the Wounded Knee Occupation of 1973.
After that, filmmakers could no longer depict cowboys as virtuous heroes galloping into towns, dispensing justice, and acting as harbingers of civilization. They started to make Revisionist Westerns, like Django Unchained. But we no longer have that idealized man, as Tony notes
When people find themselves attracted to Westernwear, they are often drawn to the romanticized and sanitized version of this American history, first created by Turner and then propagated through novels and films. This makes it easy for many people to shoot it down.
But the cowboy/girl aesthetic is also so much more than this narrowly defined social history. Just as suits are more than the garb of imperialists and Ivy button-downs more than the shirt of rich preppy kids.
Many of the original cowboys were former slaves known as Exodusters who migrated along the Mississippi River. As some broke West, they also learned horse-handling skills from Mexican vaqueros and cattle-raising Native Americans.
In his book The Black West, William Loren Katz writes about Black cowboys, such as Bass Reeves (the real-life inspiration for The Lone Ranger), Bill Pickett (inventor of bulldogging), and Nat Love (a crack shot and cattle rancher whose life was a string of wild adventures).
According to some historians, the term cowboy was originally pejorative for black farm workers. Their white equivalents were known as “cowhands.”
Today, there are Native American rodeo competitions with regional associations in two nations and at least two national finals.
I once interviewed Donna Hoyt, who serves as the General Manager of the Indian National Finals Rodeo, the oldest organization of its kind. She says such events are natural since horsemanship has deep roots in Native American culture.
She told me: “They’ve inherited this lifestyle through their grandfathers and great-grandfathers. Today, they keep this Western heritage alive by participating in rodeos, Indian relay races, and other activities they’ve grown up doing.”
Derrick Begay is a Navajo team-roping cowboy from a reservation in Arizona. He grew up with nothing but was raised in the saddle. By the time he retired in 2020, he had won multiple titles and $1.2M. To people on his home reservation, he is a hero. To rodeo cowboys, he’s a legend
I love the Western aesthetic because it represents a sense of rugged optimism and self-reliance. Yes, it has a problematic history—just like suits and prep. But when you dig into those histories, you also see Black jazz musicians, Jewish tailors, and Lo Heads.
The cowboy/girl aesthetic is similarly rich and nuanced, more than its stereotypes. I love how you can wear a Western denim shirt with a tweed sport coat or trucker jacket (originally a ranch jacket) with jeans or fatigues. RRL makes otherworldly cardigans
Westernewar is great bc you can incorporate just one piece into a basic workwear wardrobe, like milsurp field jackets or double riders. Or you can get more directional with it, such as wearing cowboy boots or even Western suits (so good!!)
There's an argument here that city slickers like me are cosplaying in Westernwear. I'll leave that debate for another day, but I am generally fine with wearing stuff just because it makes me happy. I encourage you to explore. Westernwear is more than its simple stereotypes.
You can read more about this in a post I wrote a couple of years ago. It includes some practical suggestions on how you can incorporate Westernwear into your wardrobe. There are also videos of Charlie Pride and Flaco Jimenz singing. They are a must listen
Years ago, I used to visit a friend's home every winter holiday to meet up with his uncle (Uncle John). Uncle John was a lifelong Democrat from Arizona who wore denim shirts, sport coats, and Native American jewelry. We met up bc we both love to play chess.
Every Xmas holiday was the same: we'd meet up, exchange pleasantries, and then sit down for a game of chess on my tournament board. John was insanely good. The games lasted three hours. I would always be so tired at the end, we'd shake hands, and I'd go home to sleep.
Uncle John died a few years ago in a car accident, and my buddy gave me one of his bolo ties. I still don't know how to wear bolo ties, but this is a special item in my closet bc of my memories of John. Shows you can't reduce Westernwear to just "racists." John was a mensch.
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
When you buy ready-made tailoring, the pockets and vents are often tacked down with stitching—usually white, but not always. This stitching, known as basting, is done so that the garment moves from the factory to your closet while holding its shape.
Before wearing the garment, you'll want to remove this stitching. Especially if there's a label on the sleeve. This label is only there so that people working in the distribution and sales process can easily identify the garment. It's not meant to be worn.
Rumors are going around that Pete Hegseth might be on his way out. I don’t know if that’s true, but just in case, I want to do a thread on his style. To me, Hegseth’s wardrobe reflects a common pitfall guys fall into when they first start caring about clothes. 🧵
When men start dressing with more intention, they often fall into the trap of cranking every knob to 11—volume, gain, treble, bass. The thinking is: more = better. But like in music, maxing out every setting doesn’t lead to clarity—it leads to noise.
We see this in how Hegseth dresses. His belt buckle is USA. Pocket square is USA. Socks are USA. Open up his jacket and what do you see? USA.
Someone asked me why there aren't any high-end Chinese clothing brands. They are many! In this thread, I'll name a few, as well as answer the question why you may not have heard of them. 🧵
This thread will cover a wide range of aesthetics and business sizes, so that there's something for everyone. The first is Zhu Chongyun, a chic womenswear label that combines traditional Chinese aesthetics with contemporary design.
Their ad campaigns are highly stylized for marketing purposes, but when you look at their runway presentations, you can see how their clothes are very wearable. A bit minimalist in tone and sculptural in terms of silhouette. Very refined and chic.
I try to live by the rule that what may be obvious to one person may not be obvious to another, as people are getting into hobbies at different points. So for those who are just starting to build a better wardrobe, here's how to shop for clothes online. 🧵
Go to your closet and pull out your best fitting clothes—best button-up shirt, best sweater, best pair of tailored trousers, and best pair of jeans. Lay these flat on a hard surface and measure them with a flexible measuring tape (available online or local craft stores)
For button-up shirts and sweaters, you'll want to take four basic measurements:
— Chest: measure across the front from armpit to armpit. Make sure shirt is buttoned
— Shoulder: measure across the back from shoulder joint to shoulder joint. Use the shoulder seam to guide you.
Not true. There are skilled craftspeople of every ethnic background (also hucksters who pose as real craftsman, but are not). Here are some artisans of Vietnamese and Filipino heritage. 🧵
I'll start with one I named in an earlier thread. Bellanie Salcedo is a Vietnamese-American and one-half of Chester Mox, based in the US. She trained for years under a former Hermès artisan, learning the skill of saddle stitching. Everything she makes is completely handmade.
Over the last 15 years, I've gotten all sorts of things from her: folios, belts, coat wallets, and card cases. The stitching is fine and precise; the edge finishing is immaculate. She sources leather from Hermès-owned tanneries. I think her work is world-class.
The thing about the Chinese fashion manufacturing TikTok discourse is that people haven't seen what it takes to build a reputable business. Look at what independent craftspeople go through: years of training, selling to discerning buyers, building a reputation, and expansion. 🧵
This has nothing to do with French vs Asian hands. In my thread, I highlighted many Asian makers. But I've also seen fraudsters (of every ethnic background). People who start up companies, sell shoddy products to uneducated buyers, and then disappear.
What does it take to get someone to fork $1k over the internet for a bag? Hopefully more than a punchy TikTok video! Ideally you read about the craftsmanship from informed buyers, see close up images of the workmanship, and understand how something was made.