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Jan 28, 2023 19 tweets 6 min read Read on X
Sphinx (face of human and body of lion or other animal) or Purush Singha was popular way of probably representing figure of royalties or kingship in Egypt and India and even Mesopotamians. This thread capture such instances of Purush Singham from India.

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Keith 1914 translates Purushamriga Chandramase as 'The Human-Beast to the Moon' YV-II.5.5.14 but we will call such figures Purush Singham for sale of simplicity and uniqueness.

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These 4500 years old Harappan seals with depictionof Nari Singham or anthropomorphic figures with face of a human mostly female and body of a beast (mostly tiger) are probably of a queen/King/royalty.

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This Pair of Purusha Singha guard the entrance of the Shri Shiva Nataraja temple in Chidambaram, India. Male and female,

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Purush Singham and Nari Singham on a pillar of Shri Airavateshvara temple in Darasuram
12th cent. CE

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Pair of Purush Singham in Shri Sarangapani temple in Kumbakonam

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Seated sphinx among the sculpture of the Krishna cave in Mamallapuram
Granite
8th century
Approximately 85 cm high
Photo by Raja Deekshithar, 25 July 2005

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Walking Purush Singham
Shri Shiva Nataraja temple
12th century

8/17 Photo by Raja Deekshithar, ...
Purush Singham from the wall of the Shri Varadaraja Perumal temple in Tribhuvanai near Pondicherry
1000 CE

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Purush Singham ? and Bhima from the
Mahabharata and the judgment by Dharmaraja Yudhistira in the Shri Airavateshvara temple in Darasuram
Granite
12th century

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Purush Singham worshipping a Shiva Linga South Gopuram of the ??? temple in Villianur, Puducherry
15th century

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Purush Singham worshipping a Shiva Linga, South gopuram of the Shri Arunachaleshvara temple in Tiruvannamalai

12/17 Photo by Raja Deekshithar, ...
Purush Singham in standing upright posture
Shri Subrahmania shrine, Rajarajeshvara temple in Tanjore

13/17 Photo by Raja Deekshithar, ...
Purush Singham depicted on the base of the Vishnu shrine in the temple of Tirumalai in Kanya Kumari district

14/17 Photo by Raja Deekshithar, ...
Sad, some of the temple are only 400 years old with these purush Singham sculptures and yet we can only guess about their meaning. There are no expert of the subject matter left it seems. This thread is from my own research and opinions. Pics taken from respective owners

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You can read the unrolled version of this thread here: typefully.com/GemsOfINDOLOGY…

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Just to clarify
Purush Singham has manly face and lion body
Narsimha has a lion face and human body.
In ancient times, Gods were depicted with animal faces and human bodies while Kings were depicted with human faces and animal bodies.
So not to be confused

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Purush Singha from Harappan Period
This Anthromorph figure of composite animal and humanly may be precursor of Early Purush Singha (Depiction of a King)
#Archaeology

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Jan 1
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The Navajo, the original Americans, are the most populous of all Native American peoples in the United States, with approximately 300,000 individuals living in New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah and the insignifant to the invaders.

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The above commandments are similar to Hindu beliefs of nature lover.

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The Madhura Sutta (84), Kannakatthala Sutta (90), and Assalayana Sutta (93) from the Majjhima Nikaya, as well as the Cullavagga ix.1.4 of the Vinaya Pitaka, all acknowledge the existence of four castes: Kshatriya, Brahmana, Vaisya, and Sudra.

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Ashwamedha "अश्व मेध" to Ashwavadha "अश्व वध:" : a concocted Mughal journey.

Ashwamedha as Horse sacrifice was propagated by Moghuls as against popular belief that Britishers tempered it. Here are chronological archaeo and painting records proving ashwamedha was never to kill horse untill the Mughal courtiers interpolated it.

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Hindu ancient text emphasises the importance of Yagya and Nation building. Two of major text arer here

ऋग्वेदः - "अ॒ग्निमीळे॑ पुरोहितं॒ य॒ज्ञस्य॑ देवं॒ ऋत्विज॑म्। हो॒तारं॑ रत्नधात॒मम्॥" इति। अत्र अग्निः यज्ञे पुरोहितः (ऋत्विज्) भवति।
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Earliest inscriptional evidence about Aśvamedha is found in Naneghat dating 1st century bce

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***Language***

Sumerian and Sanskrit, though geographically distant, share intriguing similarities offering insights into early human civilization. Both are among the oldest written languages, with linguistic ties suggesting possible cultural exchange between their regions.

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The Bakshali manuscript mentions Sumeru, which is intriguing given that the Sumerians became extinct 5,000 years ago. This suggests that either the Bakshali birch was conceived much earlier, or the Sumerians survived until the start of the Common Era. The former is more likely.

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Nov 13, 2024
"Breast Cloth" and "Mulakkam" : a Breast tax or Adulthood tax

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Nov 10, 2024
Boar: Reverence to Hunt

Boars embody incredible strength, courage, virility, and ferocity, making them formidable creatures both revered and feared across cultures.

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On the contrary, hunting boar was heroic in known Western history, celebrated in epic tales and royal pastimes, where the hunt tested bravery and skill. The boar was a symbol of both bounty and battle.

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Long thread #Bookmark and Share

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Boars, a species of wild pigs, are believed to have originated in the lush, biodiverse landscapes of Indonesia approximately 4.2 million years ago. Over millennia, these adaptable creatures migrated and thrived across various terrains, leading to their domestication in East and Central Asia around 10,000 years ago. This domestication marked a pivotal shift in human agricultural practices, influencing the development of early civilizations.

Note: The accompanying map serves solely for illustrative purposes and does not delineate modern political boundaries or country borders.

2/17https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig#/media/File%3ABosse_2018_pig_lineages.png
The presence of wild boar in India is vividly captured through ancient rock art and petroglyphs, with depictions securely dating back to between 30,000 and 12,000 years ago.

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2. Ratnagiri boar: Dating to 12,000 years before present, this depiction highlights the enduring relationship between humans and wild boars, showcasing their importance across millennia.

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