Mushtaq Bilal, PhD Profile picture
Jan 29, 2023 23 tweets 6 min read Read on X
Here are two apps that will make reading papers and taking notes easy — super easy:
1. Zotero

Open your Zotero desktop app and simply drag a PDF to the main panel. A PDF being added to Zotero.
Zotero will add the PDF to your library. It will also retrieve the paper's meta-data from the internet.

Double click on the PDF and Zotero will open it in its inbuilt Note Editor. A PDF being shown in Mushtaq's Zotero library.
Now you can read the paper, annotated it, and take notes — all within Zotero.

Zotero will also sync these notes with your web library, so you can access them on multiple devices. A PDF open in Zotero's inbuilt Note Editor. It has been anno
You can add in-text citations in your notes and web links. A web link added in Zotero's Note Editor.
You can export all your notes to MS Word.

To do so, open a blank document.

Click on "Add Note" in the Zotero tab.

Type in the title of the note you want to add in the yellow search bar and press Enter. A yellow arrow points to the "Add Note" option in
Zotero will bring all your notes from Note Editor to your Word file.

These notes will be formatted according to the citation style you select. Notes imported into MS Word from Zotero.
If you want to read more about Zotero's Note Editor and its capabilities, here's a thread on that 👇

2. Obsidian

Open Obsidian and create a new vault, which is Obsidian's name for a folder. Obsidian's "Create new vault" page.
Choose a location on your computer where you want to save the vault.

I have a folder named "All Obsidian Vaults" on my desktop.

I have named the new vault "World Literature."

Obsidian will create a folder with the same name (in "All Obsidian Vaults" in my case). A yellow arrow points to the "Browse" button in Ob
This is how your vault will look in Obsidian.

[You can change the dark mode to light.] A vault named "World Literature" in Obsidian.
Go to "All Obsidian Vaults" and then open the folder you just created.

Add the PDF you want to read and take notes on. A PDF being added to folder named "World Literature&quo
The PDF will show up in your Obsidian. A yellow arrow points to a PDF in Obsidian.
Click on the PDF and Obsidian will open it in a tab for you. A PDF in Obsidian.
To take notes, click on the "New note" button in the top-left corner of your screen. A yellow arrow points to the "New note" button in
Obsidian will open a new note. Name it however you want to. A new note open in Obsidian.
Arrange the PDF and the note file vertically (or horizontally).

Start reading and taking notes.

In Obsidian, you can also create links by adding square brackets around a word like so [[Vittorio Coletti]].

When you create a link, Obsidian will also create a new note. A PDF and a note file in Obsidian.
The new note will be automatically linked to your original note. A new note in Obsidian.
If you're new to Obsidian, here's a step-by-step guide to get you started on it 👇

Comparison:

1. Convenience:

Zotero is relatively convenient to use than Obsidian. It also automates your citations and references, which Obsidian doesn't.

Obsidian is "low-tech" and may seem intimidating to a beginner. But once you get the hang of it, it's very useful.
2. Annotations:

Zotero's Note Editor has an inbuilt annotations feature.

In Obsidian, you will have to install a plug-in if you want to annotate a PDF. This may seem challenging if you don't know your way around plug-ins.
3. Connections:

In Zotero, you can't create links between your notes. Every note is a standalone note.

Obsidian is meant to help you with creating links between different ideas and thoughts.
Comment below if you'd prefer Zotero or Obsidian.

If you found this thread useful, follow me @MushtaqBilalPhD for more tips on academic writing.

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More from @MushtaqBilalPhD

Feb 27
Zotero Tutorial 2

Zoteor has 10,500+ citation styles. This makes it very easy to switch between citations styles.

Draft your paper in one citation style and change it to another — in seconds.

Here's how to do it:
1. Open your draft in MS Word and open the Zotero tab.

Click on "Add/Edit Citation." In the red search bar, enter the name of the author you want to cite.

Select the relevant source and hit Enter/Return. Zotero will add your citation.
2. Once you are done draft, place the cursor where you want to enter your bibliography.

Click on "Add/Edit Bibliography" in the Zotero tab.

Zotero will add your bibliography.

Here, it added the citations and bibliography according to MLA 7th edition.
Read 8 tweets
Feb 26
Zotero Tutorial 1

How to automate your citations and bibliography:

You can learn this in 15 minutes, and it will save you hours of work.
1. Go to zotero[.]org and click on the "Download" button.

Download the app and install it on your computer.
2. Click on Zotero Connector and add it to your browser.

Zotero Connector is available for Chrome, Edge, Firefox, and Safari.

Pin the Zotero Connector to your browser by clicking on the puzzle-like icon in the top-right corner.
Read 14 tweets
Feb 25
AI can now solve PhD-level problems.

Can AI write a good abstract for a research paper?

Here's a comparison of ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Deep Seek, and Grok:
1. ChatGPT o1

I uploaded a draft of my paper and asked ChatGPT o1 to write a precisely worded abstract of 150 words foregrounding my argument.

This is a useful abstract but not very precise. It stays within the word limit though.
It understands the argument quite well but renders in a language that is a bit too far from my style.

During reasoning, it brought up something in Chinese too. I mention in the paper a couple times but there is no Chinese text in the paper.
Read 9 tweets
Feb 23
I used to think AI can't do a literature review. I'm begining to change my mind.

SciSpace just introduced Deep Review.

It generates well-researched overviews on any given topic — in minutes.

Here's how to use it to supercharge your literature review:
1. Go to typeset[.]io and sign in to your account.

You will see three options under the search bar: Standar, High Quality, and Deep Review.

Select Deep Review.
2. Type in your question. It will give you a few suggestions to reword your question.

You can select a suggestion question or you can go with your own.
Read 12 tweets
Feb 22
Libgen, Sci-Hub, and Z-library had millions of pirated academic books and papers.

So, they were shut down. We shouldn't use them anyway.

We should help billion-dollar academic publishers get richer.

Anyway, here's how to access these libraries:

Don't do this!
1. Don't go to open-slum[.]org.

Because there you will see links to LibGen, Anna's Archive, Z-Library, and Sci-Hub.
2. Don't click any link because that will open your desired library.

Don't type the title of a book you want to read because it might show up.

Look at this, someone has pirated my own book. I'm livid!
Read 5 tweets
Feb 21
AI will automate literature reviews sooner than we expect.

Elicit can now generate detailed research reports based on published papers — in less than 10 minutes.

Here's how to do it:
1. Go to elicit[.]com and sign in your account.

Sign up if you don't have one already.
2. Select "Get a research report" and type in your question.

Elicit will suggest a few options to refine your question. Select the one you find most relevant.

Click on the right arrow and then "Generate report."
Read 12 tweets

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