2/10
New York City just broke record for latest measurable snowfall (previous record was January 29, 1973) and will soon break record for longest stretch without snow (332 days, set in Dec. 2020) - and no snow in 10-day forecast...
And Great Lakes ice cover is also near historic lows. Ice covers only 0.06% of Lake Erie, typically it's 50% covered this time of year.
Great Lakes overall are <5% ice covered, reflecting a steady downward trend in ice cover. wgrz.com/article/weathe…
5/10
Most people don't like cold winters (well i do! 🌨️⛷️) But counterintuitively, warmer winters & lack of lake ice means *more* lake-effect snow in Feb; most don't like snow (er, except me! ❄️❄️even if i do have to shovel out my driveway like this photo from one year ago)
6/10 NOAA: "Lake Effect snow occurs when cold air moves across the open waters of Great Lakes..warmth & moisture are transferred into the lowest portion of the atmosphere...(resulting in a) narrow band that produces 2 to 3 inches of snow per hour or more"
7/10
Ice puts a cap on the lake; no cap & evaporation keeps feeding lake-effect snow. In a year with normal ice cover, lake-effect snow begins to stop in late January buffalonews.com/news/local/the…
8/10
Lack of ice can cause a number of environmental impacts. For example, whitefish (most important commercially harvested species in the Lakes) spawn in relatively shallow waters in late Fall. Ice cover protects their eggs from being disturbed by waves npr.org/sections/pictu…
9/10
And a warming climate overall will result in more Harmful Algal Blooms in the lakes.
So, if you're feeling good about this super mild winter, remember to enjoy the weather but worry for the climate... epa.gov/nutrientpollut…
10/10
we talked about these issues, and many more, on @soundofideas on @WKSU two weeks ago.
Today is birthday of 2 great writers of powerful reflections on rivers:
Langston Hughes (1901 - 1967)
Jason Isbell (b. 1979)
A thread on their words on rivers, including "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" (1921) and "River" 99 years later
(photo: Irrawaddy 2016)
2/10
Hughes wrote "A Negro Speaks of Rivers" when he was 17 after he crossed the Mississippi while traveling from his home in Cleveland OH to visit his father who was living in Mexico. Published in 1921 in The Crisis, it marks start of his literary career
Rafts, rainbow, & dark clouds looming, Colorado River, 2009
Due to decades of historic drought, Lakes Mead & Powell, 2 largest reservoirs in US, are approx 3/4 empty. Fed gov't gave deadline of today for 7 states that depend on Colorado 💧 to reach consensus
2/5 ...on substantial cuts to their water use;
"Federal officials in June called for the seven states to come up with plans to drastically reduce water diversions by 2 million to 4 million acre-feet per year, a reduction of roughly 15% to 25%."
The first detailed draft of the new post-2020 global biodiversity framework was released by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in July, calling for protection of “at least 30% of land and sea areas globally.” 2/19 @david_tickner@MicheleThieme cbd.int/article/draft-…
This overarching goal for protection of “land and seas” continues a pattern in global conservation policies and plans: omission of freshwater habitats such as rivers, lakes & wetlands.
Beyond omission in high level goals, what about tracking of progress? 3/19
Though origins of SARS-CoV-2 remain uncertain, all previous pandemics of past century involve zoonotic diseases. Activities bringing people, domestic & wild animals into close contact, in new ways, increase spillover risk @WWFscience@WWFLeadWater forbes.com/sites/jeffoppe…
2/7
These activities include deforestation, intensified livestock operations on cleared land, + wildlife hunting & trade. In figure, green symbols represent drivers (including ways that we manage the environment) that increase the risk of spillover.
Over the past century, novel infectious diseases have been emerging at an increasing rate, with 3-4 new diseases identified annually. The majority of these (60%) have been zoonotic, with most (72%) coming from wildlife.
#2 To bend the curve on freshwater biodiversity, improve water quality.
The Cuyahoga River (below in @CVNPNPS) once was biologically dead from pollution. Actions-local to federal-tackled pollution & bent the curve for Cuyahoga; sections which lacked fish now have > 40 species.
#3 to bend the curve on freshwater biodiversity loss, protect and restore critical habitats.
Ramsar designation and other protected areas can safeguard habitats and species, such as this American crocodile in the Terraba-Sierpe National Wetlands in Costa Rica