Thomas C. Theiner Profile picture
Feb 5, 2023 โ€ข 25 tweets โ€ข 12 min read โ€ข Read on X
A thread about the best infantry fighting vehicle: the Swedish CV90.

Nine European countries (๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ด๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฟ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฐ) have bought the CV90 and others are now eyeing it as their future IFV (๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น).
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The reason NATO's big four military powers are eyeing/assessing/trialing the CV90 is that it is a mature design with every imaginable variant already existing.
The CV90 isn't the best armored IFV - the best armored is the German KF41 Lynx in this photo. And the CV90 isn't
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the cheapest IFV - that would be the South Korean Redback in this photo.
The CV90 is, due to its many users, the most versatile armored vehicle in production now. Similar to the Leopard 2 tank and the F-16 fighter many users means that there is constant development and
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improvement of the base system, with new and better variants entering service with one of the users every few years.
Let's have a look at some of the CV90 variants, prototypes, and many turret variants. The basic vehicle is the Swedish CV9040, which was introduced in 1994.
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Sweden improved its basic model three times (Versions A, B, C) and is currently upgrading 262 of its A, B, C versions to the D1/D2 and E standard.

The photo shows a D1 (former A) that just came off the production line. This Swedish upgrade isn't changing the armor or gun, or
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the tracks or gun stabilization; this upgrade is about bringing the electronics and optics up to the CV90 Mk IV standard, which is the fourth generation of the non-Swedish CV90s.

Yes, there were two parallel development streams for the CV90 - the Swedish one and the export
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one. The British Warrior never had an upgrade, the Italian Dardo never had an upgrade, while the CV90 was improved every few years either by Sweden or @BAESHagglunds for an export customer:
โ€ข CV90 ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ช
โ€ข CV90 Mk I ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ด
โ€ข CV90 Mk II ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ญ
โ€ข CV90 Mk III ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช
โ€ข CV90 Mk IV ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฟ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฐ
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Every time a country showed interest in the CV90 an improved variant was developed. As each new variant was based on a model already in service the development was less risky and could be done much faster than a complete new development.
This meant that no customer had to
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wait for years while trials and testing had to be undertaken, and yet all customers received CV90 that worked as promised from the start.

And not only that customers can get every imaginable type of CV90 based armored vehicle. By my last count at least 17 different types of
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CV90 armored vehicles besides the many IFV variants exist.

I.e. do you want a light tank with a 105mm cannon? or with a 120mm canon? with manned turret? or an unmanned turret? All of these already exist as prototypes.
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If you want a CV90 based armored recovery vehicle to tow damaged CV90 IFVs off the battlefield you can get the Swedish Bรคrgningsbandvagn 90 (Bgbv 90), which has been upgraded to D standard, or the brand new Driftstรถdspansarbandvagn 90D (Spbv 90D) based on the CV90 Mk IV.
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Need a V90 based Command Vehicle?
Well, you're in luck and can choose between a Swedish D version with a fake gun, a MK III Dutch version with a gun, and a brand new MK IIIb Norwegian version.

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CV90 based Forward Artillery Observer? Of course you can have that. Self-propelled Anti-aircraft Gun (SPAAG) with a radar - of course there is a version you can order.

But you don't need a dedicated SPAAG - if your CV90 is armed with a 35mm Bushmaster III or 40mm Bofors
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w/70Bc autocannon, you can use airburst ammo to shoot down drones and helicopters.

Airburst ammo is also excellent to clean infantry in trenches (AFAIK Ukraine will get CV90 with this capability). Speaking of guns - no IFV has a powerful cannon as the Swedish CV90.
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The Swedish w/70Bb or w/70B guns with their 40mm APFSDS rounds can penetrate all russian armored vehicles except the frontal armor of upgraded tanks... but even a T-80 is vulnerable if a Swedish CV90 can get fire at it from the side.
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And the CV90 will not have any problems with mud or snow - Sweden designed it specifically for used during the Scandinavian winter, which is even colder than winters in Ukraine. And with Mk IV you get a more powerful engine and Composite Rubber Tracks, which means the CV90
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is now even more agile.
Speaking of Mk IV: if 40mm is too small, now you can have a 50mm autocannon that will pierce russian tanks even on the front and shoot down drones up to 3 km in the air.
If you want anti-tank guided missiles - you can have Spike LR or Akeron MP.
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You need a CV90 Armored Engineer Vehicle? Of course there is one based on Mk IIIb and one based on Mk IV. Reconnaissance variant with extendable sensor mast?
Norway just received such a vehicle. And also a 81mm mortar carrier. Speaking of mortar carriers -
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you can have that as classic mortar carrier with open roof and manual operation, or in a manual dual mortar turret version (Granatkastarpansarbandvagn 90), or as a dual mortar semi-automatic AMOS version, or with the semi-automatic NEMO mortar.
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All these existing variants and versions, and the proven flexibility of the CV90 design make the CV90 the best IFV on the market.

Only version that I miss are self-propelled 155mm artillery and armored ambulance, but for the later
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there is a actually a variant ready to go, if a country should want it: That variant could also serve as Armored personnel carrier, or electronic warfare vehicle, or armored bridge layer.
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Naturally the Mk IV comes with an integrated active protection system (Elbit's Iron Fist) and the newest optics, electronics, and networking capabilities.

All this, and the now almost 30 years of user experience make the CV90 the best IFV a nation can buy.
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As said earlier the KF41 Lynx is even better armored than the CV90 Mk IV, but it exists only as IFV.
Tracked Boxer might even be more flexible than the CV90 Mk IV... but tracked Boxer only exists as prototype and Powerpoints.
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So if your army needs a renewal of its tracked armored fleet - you can risk a new development and end up with a costly, unworkable disaster that threatens your army's existence as a credible fighting force (Ajax).
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Or you get the best of all the IFVs currently in production: the CV90 Mk IV, which comes with all the variants you ever dreamed off.
It's just the best there is.

25/end

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More from @noclador

Mar 8
Please stop saying Europe should cancel weapons deals with the US.

Yes, we should not sign new weapon deals with the US; but canceling existing deals will hurt Ukraine and also Europe.

And there are 3 reasons for that. Let me explain.

1) Europe's armed forces have nearly
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0 spare equipment, as almost everything taken out of service over the last 35 years was either sold off or scrapped. Europe must continue to support Ukraine and therefore Europe needs to buy whatever weapons it can get it hands on to free up equipment to donate to Ukraine.
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I.e. you can't demand that Belgium cancel its F-35A deal and demand that Belgium must donate its F-16 to Ukraine...
Norway, Denmark and the Netherlands could donate their F-16 to Ukraine, because they already received enough F-35A as replacement.
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Read 19 tweets
Mar 5
I have to tell you when putin will attack next:

๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง @Keir_Starmer is NOT increasing defence spending this year.

๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง @Keir_Starmer is NOT increasing defence spending next year.

๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง @Keir_Starmer is increasing defence spending FROM (!) April 2027 by 0.2%.

This means that for
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the next two years the British Armed Forces get nothing. They will remain as broken as they are.

The British Army has 78,000 troops of which just 18,000 are combat capable (the remaining 60,000 (= 77%) lack the materiel, training, equipment, etc. to be useful).
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The situation is even worse for the Royal Navy.

Next year the British Armed Forces actually get even LESS money than this year (inflation is 10 times higher than GDP growth and so inflation cuts into the defence budget).

Then from April 2027 the situation will begin to
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Mar 2
Yesterday I posted a thread about American weapons and components in fighter aircraft and how Europe has to wean itself off them.

Today let's look at transport, tanker, maritime patrol, and airborne early warning aircraft.
(Tomorrow then trainer aircraft and drones)
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Transport aircraft come in two sizes: for strategic airlift or tactical airlift.
Simplified: strategic airlift transports materiel between continents and tactical airlift within a theater of operations.
For strategic airlift the choice for Europe is easy: A400M Atlas, because
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it is the only strategic airlifter in production (C-17 Globemaster production ceased in 2015) and because the French were involved in its design the A400M Atlas comes with all key parts "Made in Europe".
Yes, it carries only half the payload of the C-17 Globemaster, but for
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Read 25 tweets
Mar 1
Let's talk about American weapons and how Europe has to wean itself off them.
Part 1 of a long thread; this one looking at fighter jets.

First and foremost: Europe has to get all American made components out of all weapon systems produced in Europe. If Trump can shut down a
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European production line by withholding a component, then that component has to replaced... and if that is impossible, then that weapon system has no future and production has to end.
As for the F-35... Europe has nothing even close in combat capability. Best course will be
2/n Image
to see the existing deals through and then focus on acquiring Eurofighters and Rafales, both of which are way more capable than whatever junk russia sends up in the air.

The main issue will be that the Rafale's production line is running already at full capacity, while the
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Read 24 tweets
Feb 25
The Gripen was designed by Sweden for Sweden's Bas 90 air base system and - truly - Sweden built the perfect fighter for Sweden's Bas 90 system... which resulted in a fighter no one but Sweden needs.

Bear with me as I explain a few things @Saab doesn't want you to know.
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Bas 90 was developed in the 1970s, when the Swedish Air Force was flying the Viggen (and some upgraded Draken). Bas 90 consisted of some 30+ reserve air bases with a 2,000+ metres (6,600+ ft) long main runway and 2-3 short runways of 800 metres (2,600 ft).
2/n Image
Here are the airbases of Kubbe (63ยฐ37'59.81"N 17ยฐ56'10.79"E) and Jokkmokk (66ยฐ29'48.43"N 20ยฐ 8'45.17") with the short runways highlighted in red.

Some of the short runways used public roads, but most were built specifically for the Bas 90 system in the 1980s.
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Read 29 tweets
Feb 22
I set out to create a table showing the reduction in British Infantry units between 1989 and 2025...

After doing Scotland, Wales and Yorkshire - I gave up.

For three reason:
a) the sheer size of it! The British Army had 100 infantry battalions in 1989 (not counting the
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nine battalions of the Ulster Defence Regiment).
b) the British Army's habit of reroling battalions every four years.
c) the disbanding of volunteer regiments in the early 1990s, then the merging of volunteer battalions into new volunteer regiments in the mid 1990s, and then
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the disbanding of these new volunteer regiments some 5-6 years later, followed by the de-merging of some of the volunteer battalions.

In short: it was all very haphazard and chaotic!

So, instead here come the numbers about the British Army's infantry decline between 1989
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Read 8 tweets

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