With #MahaShivaratri coming up this week, thread on Shaiva Kshetras in Odisha, a state where I had stayed for 4 years, and has some of the most magnificient Shiva Temples in India.
The capital Bhubaneshwar itself gets it's name from one Shiva's names "Tribhubaneshwar", meaning Lord of the 3 Worlds, and is also called as Ekamra Kshetra, as it's believed Shiva meditated under a tree with one mango here. The city is famous for it's Shiva temples.
The magnificient Lingaraja Temple said to have been built by Yayati Kesari and dates to the 10th century. Located over an area of 25,000 sq ft, the temple is marked by it’s huge tower soaring to 180 feet and which is elaborately carved with various sculptures.
Located over an area of 25,000 sq ft, the temple is marked by it’s huge tower soaring to 180 feet and which is elaborately carved with various sculptures. The huge tower can be seen from any place in the city and is a dominant feature of it’s sky line.
Right next to the Temple is the Bindusagar lake which is believed to contain drops of every holy river in India. The temple is built in typical Kalinga style architecture, with the main temple, the Bhoga Mandap, Yajna Sala and the Natya Shala.
The Parasurameswara temple is a complex of around 20 small temples and is dedicated to Lord Shiva. This 7th century temple has sculpture of amorous couples, lions, elephants and birds.
The Mukteswara temple is another ancient 10th Century temple dedicated to Lord Shiva, the torana or the gateway is worth a watch, her for it’s fusion of Buddhist and Hindu styles of Architecture.
Next to the Mukteswara Temple is the Kedareswara temple, another temple dedicated to Shiva, again famous for it’s sculptures of women, animals, birds.
Another famous Shaiva temple in Odisha is the Ashtashambu located in Bhubaneshwar, 8 identical temples dedicated to Shiva, in which 5 temples are in one alignment called as Panchu Pandava.
The Ajaikapada Bhairava temple, located in Jagatsinghpur district, has Shiva standing just on one feet, which also accounts for it's name. The original temple was destroyed during Muslim invasions and it was subsequently rebuilt later.
The Dhabaleshwar Temple on a small island in the Mahanadi River, near Cuttack. The temple is entirely white in color, and was built by King Yayati Keshari, it is now looked after by the Athagarh royal family.
One very famous Shaiva Kshetra is Gupteshwar in Koraput district, where the Shiva Linga is located in a cave in very thick jungle. It is basically a limestone cave, and the Shiva Lingam here keeps growing in size every year.
Indralath Temple in Bolangir district, it's believed Indra worshipped Shiva here, which accounts for it's name. This is a brick temple built around 10-11th century during reign of Somvamshi rulers.
Kapilash Temple, located near Dhenkanal in a very thick forest, is worth a visit. You could either trek 1352 steps, through a thick jungle or take the winding ghat road. It's believed to be the site of Kapila Maharshi's Ashram.
The Leaning temple of Huma, around 23 km from Sambalpur, on the banks of the Mahanadi. To date none has been able to explain the reason for it's tilt. Shiva is worshipped here as Bimaleshwar.
Panchalingeswara Temple at Nilagiri, near to Balasore, so gets it's name from 5 Shivalingas enshrined in a hill, bathed by a perenial stream. This can be reached by a trek through the forests, and is another temple worth visiting.
Rajarani Temple in Bhubaneshwar, does not actually have a deity inside, and is famous for it's erotic sculptures. The 11th century temple constructed out of dull red and yellow sandstone, is considered a Shaiva Kshetra due to the sculptures on outside walls.
The Rameshwara Deula Temple is regarded as Mausi Maa of Lingaraja Temple. It's believed to have been built by Shri Rama himself, and one day before Ramnavami, the main deity in Lingaraja Temple comes here in the Rukuna Rath.
This is not a very exhaustive list of Shiva Temples in Odisha, I shared only the rather well known ones. While the state is more known for Jagannatha worship, there are equally large number of Shaiva Temples in every town and city here.
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Have you heard of a temple with no doors? And which is visited by ISRO Scientists before every launch to seek the blessings of the deity.
Welcome to Chengalamma Parameswari Temple at Sullurpeta, Andhra Pradesh, the Ammavaru here is the Grama Devata of Sriharikota which lies close, as well as the Pulicat Lake nearby.
Sullurpeta located close to the Andhra-Tamil Nadu border, was originally called Subagiri, a small village populated by cowherds. One day when they had taken the cattle to graze, some of them who took a dip in the Kalangi river nearby, found themselves being swept away by the current. They caught hold of an old statue, and managed to come safely ashore.
After the river flow subsided, they discovered a magnificient murthi of Ammavaru, with 8 hands holding various weapons and crushing a Rakshasa under her feet. The villagers bought the deity on shore, and placed her under a Raavi tree, facing eastwards. The next day they came, they saw her in full glory as Mahishasura Mardini facing South.
Around 400 Indian immigrants arrive in Surinam on this date in 1873, on the Lalla Rookh, which had started from Kolkata. This date is marked as Indian Arrival Day in Suriname.
Much like Fiji, Guyana, Trinidad & Tobago, another country with a significant Indian diaspora, though many are now settled in Netherlands.
Suriname the smallest country in South America, is located just north of the Equator, and half of it’s territory is covered by thick rain forests. It’s capital city, is Paramaribo, and the country was inhabited by indigenous natives, which included the Arawaks, Caribs and Wayana.
The Dutch colonized the country in late 17th century, setting up large sugarcane plantations, often driven by African slave labour. The country became independent in 1975, but has the Dutch influence, being one of the few countries outside Europe, where Dutch is the official language.
A Catholic from Mangalore, who represented Muzaffarpur in Bihar 4 times, an anti nuke activist who presided over Pokhran 2, a pacifist who went on to become one of the best Defense Ministers ever.
Jayanti of George Fernandes, one of my favorite political leaders, true maverick, rebel, who had a remarkable life, and spent his last years in isolation, cut off from the world.
I was disillusioned, because there was a lot of difference between precept and practice where the Church was concerned.
He was born in Mangalore, to an insurance executive, and sent for training as a Roman Catholic priest when he was just 16. Frustrated with what he saw as double standards and hypocrisy in the Church, he left the seminary.
He was a rebel right from his teen years, and it was a trait that continued for a long time. At 19 itself George Fernandes began to organize workers in the road transport, as well as hotels in Mangalore.
Moving to Bombay in 1949, he led a hard life, sleeping on pavements, till he got a job with a newspaper as proofreader. Inspired by Ram Manohar Lohia and the veteran union leader Placid D'Mello, he joined the socialist trade union movement.
In my series on Andhra Pradesh, taking a look at Madanapalle and Horsley Hills nearby.
Madanapalle one of the major towns in erstwhile Chittor district is a mix of heritage, history and natural beauty. It’s history is believed to date back to 907 AD, when it was part of the Chola Empire. In fact some of the localities in the town like Sipayi Galli, Kota Goda( Fort wall) have a historical association.
This place was ruled by two Palegars of Vijayanagara Empire- Basanna and Madanna, after whom it’s believed to have been named. There are two hills flanking the town, the Basanna Konda and Madanna Konda. As per another theory, the town was originally named as Maryada Ramanna Puram, after the famous judge, which in due course became Madanapalle.
The place was initially under the control of Cholas, Yadavas, Hoysalas from 907-955, later under the Vijayanagara Empire, and was captured by the Golkonda Sultans in 1565. In 1713, the Nawab of Kadapa, Abdul Naqi Khan took this under his control, and finally the British. The Collector Bungalow here was built during time of Sir Thomas Monroe, the first collector of Kadapa.
Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore, visited Madanapalle in 1919, and was impressed by the natural beauty, solitude here. Jana Gana Mana was sung for the first time in public at the Beasant Theosophical College here on February 28th, the principal James Cousins was a good friend of Gurudev. He also translated Jana Gana Mana to English at this college.
Telugu land was one of the worst affected by Naxal ideology. 2-3 generations lost, fell behind on economic development while neighboring Tamil Nadu, Karnataka raced ahead. The poison was injected by a whole ecosystem- academics, journalists, writers, poets, movie makers.
During the 80s, 90s, even early 2000s it was common to see Naxal posters and pamphlets , in public places openly calling for overthrow of the Indian state, and replacement by a revolutionary state. The Naxal ideologues openly strutted around giving interviews to TV channels.
These Naxals supported the Azad Kashmir Jihadis, accused Indian Army of carrying out genocide in Kashmir, condemned the hostility with Pakistan, using print media, pamphlets, posters.
America- Bright, articulate, belongs to richest and most powerful family in the town. Heavily insecure, can't accept other students doing better and uses the back benchers to disturb the performers.
Russia- Intelligent, but not very articulate, due to which he gets misunderstood often. Belonged to a powerful family, a strong rival to US, but fell on hard times in between, lost a lot. However managed to come back in recent times. The guy whom many still fear to mess with.
China- Very intelligent, Very shrewd, keeps all options open. Was from a dirt poor family, came up the hard way, resulting in a ruthless streak. The family has a reputation of occupying any vacant land resulting in constant fights with neighbors.