A naturally-occurring flavonoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, anti-allergy, neuroprotective, and antimicrobial properties.
A THREAD 🧵
Quercetin is a flavonoid found abundantly in nature. It shows a relatively higher bioavailability than other phytochemicals and exists in a variety of plant-based foods such as capers, grapes, berries, cherries, apples, citrus fruits, buckwheat, kale, tomatoes, and black tea.
Quercetin is also known to be present in herbs such as dill, certain varieties of tea, and wine, as well as in various medicinal plants such as ginkgo, American elderberry, and Hypericum species.
Diabetic? Well quercetin may help metabolically. It possesses the ability to increase insulin sensitivity, reduce insulin resistance, promote the proliferation of pancreatic cells, maintain the mass and function of diabetic pancreatic cells.
One trial of 24 diabetics taking a single dose of 400 mg of quercetin showed that this flavonoid has the ability to reduce the spike in blood sugar levels after consuming sugar.
But another study, where the study group took 250 mg of quercetin four times a day for eight weeks, showed improved antioxidant status in patients but no other significant effect on blood sugar control or lipid profile.
Quercetin has shown some cardioprotective potential. In one study, quercetin and its derivative epicatechin were shown to improve endothelial function through modulation of the blood nitric oxide concentration and enhance vascular activity.
Quercetin has also shown the ability to prevent abnormal enlargement of the heart, reduce blood pressure in patients with high blood pressure, and reduce markers of inflammation in heart disease patients.
Quercetin has also shown neuroprotective potential, being able to inhibit amyloid-β aggregation; reduce the formation of tau proteins and inhibit acetylcholinesterase.
It is thought that the structural shape of quercetin may play an important role in amyloid-β aggregation inhibition and disrupt the mature protein fibrils by forming bonds with Aβ.
There have also been a plethora of in vitro studies on various cancer cell lines, including lung, ovarian, nasopharyngeal, breast, leukaemia, prostate, bone, colon, and skin, that show some anti-cancer potential of quercetin.
Quercetin and its derivatives have also shown antiviral potential against various viruses, including hepatitis B and C, various herpesviruses, orthomyxoviruses like influenza viruses, retroviruses like HIV, coronaviruses, and more.
Its promising antiviral effects are due to its ability to inhibit various enzymes such as polymerases, reverse transcriptases, and proteases, suppress DNA gyrase, and bind viral capsid proteins.
And with regards to SARS-CoV-2, the literature reveals that quercetin may exhibit anti-COVID-19 activity via its inhibitory effect on the expression of the human ACE2 receptors and certain enzymes of the virus.
In one study of 429 patients with COVID-19, the use of quercetin, vitamin C, and bromelain in combination showed improvements in the recovery rate and blood parameters of those who took the combination.
And a smaller study revealed that supplementing with quercetin at the start of illness shortened the timing of molecular test conversion from positive to negative, reducing at the same time symptoms severity and negative predictors of COVID-19.
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Quercetin has shown other useful properties such as attenuating the harmful effects of arsenic, protecting against glyphosate toxicity, and helping with post-exercise immunodeficiency.
But it doesn't end there, research has also shown this flavonoid to have anti-parasitic properties, be able to promote autophagy, be able to chelate iron, have the ability to inhibit the formation of prion amyloid fibrils,
as well as turning amyloid fibrils into protease-sensitive structurally loose harmless forms; have the ability to clear senescent cells (similar to fisetin); and enhance the effects of other molecules like zinc and resveratrol when used in combination.
The dosages of quercetin used are in the range of 12.5 to 25 mg per kg body weight, which translates to a range of 1,136-2,272 mg daily consumption of quercetin when taken alone.
One may theoretically gain benefits at lower dosages if quercetin is supplemented with other flavonoids such as resveratrol, genistein, or green tea catechins, as these increase the potency synergistically.
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"quercetin inhibits iodide organification through a thiourea-like action inhibiting thyroid peroxidase (TPO) enzyme activity and interferes with thyroid hormone metabolism, particularly through the inhibition of type I 5′-deiodinase activity"
Nigella sativa, also called black cumin or black seeds.
“The herb from heaven" with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anticancer, neuro and cardioprotective, antidiabetic, metal and toxin chelating, pro-fertility, and anti-COVID-19 effects.
A THREAD 🧵
Nigella sativa is a plant famous for its culinary uses and medicinal properties. It is native to a vast region of the eastern Mediterranean, northern Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and Southwest Asia, and is cultivated in many countries, from Egypt to Pakistan
Ancient herbalists considered N. sativa to be “The herb from heaven."
It is also known as “Prophetic medicine” in the Muslim community because the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) once stated, “This black cumin is healing for all diseases except death."
"GlyNAC contains glycine, an important methyl‐group donor. Methyl groups are abundant in DNA and are important components of multiple cellular reactions. Glycine is also important for normal brain function."
"GlyNAC contains N‐acetylcysteine, which functions as a cysteine donor. Cysteine is critically important in energy metabolism by contributing the sulfhydryl (SH) group needed for energy generation."