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Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
@CraigBaird
Mar 30, 2023 • 5 tweets • 2 min read • Read on X
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It is #FrancophonieMonth and this is the story of the Franco-Manitobans!

The first French speakers arrived in what is now Manitoba in 1660 when fur traders reached the area.
Settlement of the area by Francophones did not occur until the 1730s though.

🧵1/5
Pierre Gaultier de Varennes was the 1st to establish a presence in southern Manitoba with Fort St. Charles in 1732. From that year until 1741, he established seven forts in Manitoba.
As fur traders arrived, they married Indigenous women, creating the Metis people.

🧵2/5
In 1871, there were 5,500 Francophones in Manitoba, making up half of the population of the province.
Within 10 years, they were a minority as English settlers from Ontario moved in.
In 1890, the provincial government removed the linguistic rights of Francophones.

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That year, English became the sole official language of the province, including in schools.
In 1896, a compromise was reached to allow French instruction at schools.
Then, in 1916, the province banned any language but English for school instruction.

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French instruction was not re-introduced to schools until 1955.
In 1970, French was reestablished as an official language for education.
In 2016, the Francophone Community Enhancement and Support Act was passed, signaling Francophone linguistic acceptance in Manitoba.

🧵5/5

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More from @CraigBaird

Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
Sep 11
It was one of the most psychedelic, bizarre and beloved Canadian children's shows ever made.
Structured like a sketch comedy show around the comedic genius of Billy Van, it is well remembered even to this day.
This is the story of The Hilarious House of Frightenstein!

🧵 1/19 A colorful poster for "The Frightenstein Frightmare," featuring a collage of various monster and character faces, including a prominent green-faced figure with fangs, a werewolf, a Frankenstein-like figure, a superhero, and other eerie and whimsical characters, with the title in bold yellow and red text at the bottom.
The story begins with Riff Markowitz, who was working for CHCH-TV in Hamilton in the late-1960s. He wanted to produce new shows for the station.
To come up with ideas, he held a brainstorming and spaghetti party at the Windsor Arms Hotel in Toronto.

🧵2/19 A person with white hair, wearing a light-colored tuxedo with a black bow tie and a white pocket square, holds a microphone and a book or paper while standing on a stage with a dark, cloudy background and floral decorations.
From that session, the idea of a children's show set in a vampire's castle emerged. The show would blend surreal humour and psychedelics.
The main character would be Count Frightenstein, the 13th son of Count Dracula who preferred pizza to blood.

🧵3/19 A black-and-white photo featuring a person dressed as a vampire with a dark cape, bow tie, and exaggerated makeup, raising one hand with a pointed gesture and smiling widely, set against a stone-walled background, with another person in a costume facing them.
Read 20 tweets
Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
Sep 11
Lorne Greene was many things through his life. He was an inventor, an acting teacher, a celebrated broadcaster, a singer and, of course, a great actor.
He may have been most famous as Ben Cartwright on Bonanza, but he was so much more than that.
This is his story.

🧵 1/16 Lorne Greene, wearing a cowboy hat, tan vest, and gray shirt, sits relaxed in a wooden folding chair on a grassy outdoor setting, with a smile and hands resting on the chair arms.
Lorne Greene was born Lyon Himan Green to Jewish immigrants from the Russian Empire. His mother called him Chaim. It is unknown when he added the 'e' to his last name.
It was as a drama instructor at Camp Arowhon in Algonquin Park that he developed his love of acting.

🧵2/16 Lorne Greene, a tall and lanky teenager at age 16, leans casually against a vintage car with one foot on the running board, wearing a white shirt, light-colored pants, and a jacket, with a building in the background, from his private collection.
After attending Queen's University, Greene looked to become a radio broadcaster. He was hired by the CBC and became the principal newsreader for CBC National News. This earned him the nickname of The Voice of Canada and made him known across the country.

🧵3/16 Lorne Greene, a man in a white shirt and tie with suspenders, sits at a desk with papers and a microphone, appearing to be in a radio studio, with a focused expression as he holds a hand to his ear.
Read 17 tweets
Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
Sep 8
Barbara Frum was one of the most respected journalists in Canadian history.
So well-known, she was parodied on many shows including CODCO, The Raccoons and Canadian Sesame Street.
Three decades after her death, she is still revered by many.
This is her story.

🧵 1/10 The photo shows Barbara Frum, a woman with short, wavy brown hair, wearing a light-colored blouse and a distinctive beaded necklace. She is seated in what appears to be a studio or office setting, with a microphone on a stand and a window in the background. The room has a pegboard wall and some equipment visible on the side.
Barbara Frum was born in Niagara Falls on Sept. 8, 1937. In high school, she served on student council. She then went on to study history at the University of Toronto.
After she graduated, Frum started to do volunteer work and write for the Toronto Star as a freelancer.

🧵 2/10 The photo is a black-and-white image of a woman with short, voluminous, curly hair. She is wearing a striped turtleneck sweater under a textured, double-breasted coat with prominent buttons. Her right hand is raised near her face, with her fingers resting thoughtfully against her chin. The background is plain and slightly faded, giving the image a vintage appearance.
In 1971, she began to host As It Happens on CBC Radio. Her skills as an interviewer made her one of Canada's most popular journalists. She hosted the show until 1981. Frum also hosted the TV talk show, The Barbara Frum Show, on CBC TV from 1974 to 1975.

🧵 3/10 The photo is a black-and-white image of Barbara Frum, a woman with short, wavy hair, wearing a polka-dotted blouse with a scarf and headphones. She is seated at a desk, holding a piece of paper in one hand and a pen in the other. A vintage microphone is positioned in front of her, along with a stapler and other office items on the desk. The background includes a pegboard wall and a curtain.
Read 12 tweets
Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
Sep 8
Happy Star Trek Day!
On Sept. 6, 1966, Star Trek debuted in Canada. Two days later on Sept. 8, the show aired in the rest of the world.
Here is a look at the times Canada appeared in various capacities in the fictional history of the Star Trek universe.

🧵 1/12 Two men in Starfleet uniforms, one in a gold shirt (Captain Kirk) and the other in a red shirt (Scotty), stand side by side holding futuristic devices, with a hexagonal-patterned background.
Jean-Luc Picard and Canada:

Jacques Cartier landed in what became Canada in 1534. The second ship to land after Cartier's was captained by an ancestor of Jean-Luc Picard.
He mentioned this in a speech to Starfleet Academy in 2401.

🧵2/12 A historical painting of Jacques Cartier, a bearded man in Renaissance-era clothing with a black cloak and hat, standing on a ship's deck with one hand on his hip and the other touching his face, overlooking a sea under a cloudy sky.
A bald man in a red and black Starfleet uniform, Captain Jean-Luc Picard, with a Starfleet insignia on his chest, poses with his hand near his face against a dark background with faint hexagonal shapes.
Quadrotriticale and Canada:

The Quadrotriticale, which was a genitcally-engineered hybrid of wheat and rye, was developed from the cereal crop hybrid Triticale in Canada in the 20th century.
Quadrotriticale was used on Sherman's Planet & absolutely loved by Tribbles.

🧵3/12 Captain Kirk in a green Starfleet uniform, surrounded by a large number of furry tribbles, with some floating around him in a futuristic setting.
Read 13 tweets
Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
Sep 7
When an engineer graduates in Canada, they are presented with an iron ring in a ceremony called The Ritual of the Calling of an Engineer.
It is a century-old tradition that shares a connection to one of Canada's worst infrastructure disasters.
This is the story.

🧵1/8 A close-up image of two hands, one wearing a black sleeve and a watch, gently holding the hand of another person wearing a light-colored sleeve with a blue cuff. The hands are positioned near a large, metallic ring mounted on a stand, set against a backdrop of a room with red chairs and blurred figures, suggesting a formal or ceremonial event.
In 1907, the Quebec Bridge collapsed while under construction, killing 75 people. It collapsed again in 1916, killing another 13.
The bridge was completed in 1917 but the collapses had a lasting impact on many in Canada.

🧵2/8 A black-and-white photograph of a collapsed bridge, with a large section of the structure broken and tilted into a river. The bridge's stone support tower remains partially intact, while twisted metal beams and debris are scattered around the water and shore. The scene appears calm, with the river reflecting parts of the wreckage.
U of T Mining Engineering Professor H.E.T. Haultain was deeply impacted by the collapses. He wanted engineers to uphold the highest standards of integrity, competence and responsibility.
On Jan. 25, 1922, he proposed engineers take an ethical oath.

🧵3/8 Headshot of H.E.T. Haultain, a man with a mustache, wearing a formal suit and tie, captured in a black-and-white portrait.
Read 10 tweets
Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
Sep 5
On Sept. 5, 1697, Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville led an an attack against York Factory on the coast of Hudson Bay.
It remains the largest naval battle ever fought in the Canadian Arctic.
This is the story of the Battle of Hudson Bay.

🎨 Peter Rindlisbacher

🧵 1/11 A dramatic painting depicts a naval battle on a stormy sea, featuring two large sailing ships with multiple masts and sails, flying British flags. The central ship is engaged in combat, with cannon fire and smoke visible, while the other ship approaches amidst turbulent waves and a cloudy sky.
After the Hudson's Bay Company began to build forts along Hudson Bay following 1670, the French wanted to claim the territory and end the disruption of their fur trade business.
In 1686, New France sent an overland expedition that captured three of four HBC forts.

🧵 2/11 Image
Only York Factory remained in the possession of the HBC. In 1690, Pierre Le Moyne d’Iberville attempted to take York Factory but was driven back. Four years later, he took the fort and renamed it Fort Bourbon. Less than a year later, the English took it back.

🧵 3/11 Portrait of a man with long, curly brown hair, wearing a dark armored outfit with gold accents, a red ribbon, and a white cravat. The background is dark, and the name "S. de Moris" is inscribed at the top.
Read 12 tweets

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