It is #FrancophonieMonth and this is the story of the Franco-Manitobans!
The first French speakers arrived in what is now Manitoba in 1660 when fur traders reached the area.
Settlement of the area by Francophones did not occur until the 1730s though.
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Pierre Gaultier de Varennes was the 1st to establish a presence in southern Manitoba with Fort St. Charles in 1732. From that year until 1741, he established seven forts in Manitoba.
As fur traders arrived, they married Indigenous women, creating the Metis people.
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In 1871, there were 5,500 Francophones in Manitoba, making up half of the population of the province.
Within 10 years, they were a minority as English settlers from Ontario moved in.
In 1890, the provincial government removed the linguistic rights of Francophones.
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That year, English became the sole official language of the province, including in schools.
In 1896, a compromise was reached to allow French instruction at schools.
Then, in 1916, the province banned any language but English for school instruction.
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French instruction was not re-introduced to schools until 1955.
In 1970, French was reestablished as an official language for education.
In 2016, the Francophone Community Enhancement and Support Act was passed, signaling Francophone linguistic acceptance in Manitoba.
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On July 31, 1987, an F4 (possibly an F5) tornado hit the eastern parts of Edmonton and Strathcona County.
It left 27 dead, injured 300 and caused $332 million in damages.
This is the story of Black Friday.
📸 Steve Simon
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For a week prior to July 31, a low pressure system in southwestern BC was feeding warm and humid air into central Alberta. Hot weather in Alberta was triggering thunderstorms all week.
Then, on July 31, a cold front developed in Western Alberta.
📸 Peter Cutler
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This cold front collided with the warm moist air, creating a recipe for severe thunderstorms.
One storm developed that began to move northeast towards Leduc, south of Edmonton.
At 2:59, the first tornado was spotted.
On July 29, 1910 in Saskatoon, a fabled meeting of two prime ministers took place.
The prime minister of the time, Sir Wilfrid Laurier, met a young man selling newspapers named John Diefenbaker.
But...did it actually happen?
Let's investigate!
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At the time, Sir Wilfrid Laurier was in Saskatoon to lay the cornerstone of the first building at the University of Saskatchewan.
John Diefenbaker, who was 15 at the time, was apparently selling newspapers on the corner when the two crossed paths.
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After 10 minutes of talking, Diefenbaker told Laurier:
"I can't waste any more time on you, Prime Minister. I must get about my work."
At that point, the two went their separate ways. Today, the meeting is commemorated in a statue at the spot.
Sir Sandford Fleming was one of the most important Canadians of the 19th century.
Best known for his promotion of Standard Time, he had a massive impact on Canada from surveying our railroads to creating our first stamp.
Let's learn more about this amazing Canadian!
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Fleming was born on Jan. 7, 1827. When he was 14, he apprenticed as a surveyor and four years later moved to Canada. In 1849, he qualified as a surveyor in Canada.
That same year, he founded the Royal Canadian Institute with several friends.
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On April 25, 1849, rioters burned down the Parliament Building in Montreal. There is a story that as the building burned, Fleming, with three others, rescued a portrait of Queen Victoria from the flames. That portrait has survived to this day.
James Doohan wasn’t just Scotty on Star Trek, he was also a Canadian who served his country and landed on the beaches of Normandy on D-Day. He then went on to become a gifted actor, trained by fellow Canadian Lorne Greene.
This is his story.
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Doohan was born in Vancouver to Irish immigrants on March 3, 1920. When he was young, the family moved to Sarnia, Ontario where his father worked as a pharmacist. After graduating from high school, Doohan enlisted with the Canadian Army.
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By 1940, he was a lieutenant and began to train in Britain. With his fellow Canadians, he landed on Juno Beach on D-Day. He led his men through the battle to a defensive position. That night, he was shot six times by friendly fire while moving between command posts.
There was a time when everyone in Winnipeg shopped at "The Big Store".
With a staff of 8,000, it covered 21 acres.
On a busy day, 10% of Winnipegers shopped there and 50 cents of every shopping dollar was spent there.
This is the story of Eaton's Winnipeg store.
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By the start of the 20th century, Eaton's was one of the most important retailers in Canada. With the Eaton's catalogue, Canadians could order anything they needed to their homes from the company.
As the company grew, there was a decision to expand.
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John Craig Eaton, son of Eaton's founder Timothy Eaton, wanted to build a combined store and mail order operation. While his father worried about opening a store far from Toronto, he decided to approve the decision.
On July 13, 1953, future Oscar winner Alec Guinness spoke the first words of the first play performed at the Stratford Festival.
"Now is the winter of our discontent, made glorious summer by this son of York."
This is its story of how the Stratford Festival began.
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In the 19th century, Stratford, Ontario was a railroad town. By 1901, 40% of the town was employed by the Grand Trunk Railway.
In the 1920s, the community had become a major furniture manufacturing centre with 15% of Canada's furniture made there.
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After the Second World War, things began to change. The furniture factories shut down and in 1951, the CNR announced it was phasing out its locomotive shops in Stratford.
It was at this moment local resident Tom Patterson came up with an idea.