The colour blue (al-azraq) in Islamic tradition often signifies the impenetrable depths of the universe, and turquoise blue is thought to have mystical qualities.
For Ramadan, here are 24 beautiful Islamic buildings & Mosques, designed using the colour blue…
A thread…
1/ Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque, Oman
Inaugurated in 2018 & influenced by Persian & central Asian blue Islamic architectural styles with touches of traditional Omani architectural elements that make it unique #Ramadan
2/ Kalta Minor Minaret, Khiva, Uzbekistan
One of the last great blue buildings in the Khanate of Khiva was Kalta Minor. This had to be the tallest structure in Khiva & in the whole of Central Asia. Works ended abruptly in 1855, leaving this beautiful minaret unfinished #Ramadan
3/ Blue Mosque, Mazari Sharif, Afghanistan
Many Afghanis believe Ali ibn Abi Talib is buried here. The building gives the city, Mazari Sharif (meaning "Tomb of the Exalted") its name. The shrine was erected here in 1136 and is famous for its beautiful blue tiles #Ramadan
4/ Ali Ibn Hamzeh Holy Shrine, Shiraz, Iran
Constructed in pre-Seljuk times to honour a relative of the fourth Imam. Renowned for its blue tiles, its two minarets, exterior dome, entrance vestibule & courtyard rooms, date from the late 18th & 19th centuries #Ramadan
5/ Markazi Jamia Masjid, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
One of the oldest mosques in Rawalpindi and an architectural beauty. Built almost 100 years ago, the mosque still stands tall among historical sites of the city due to its blue & turquoise mosaics and glass artwork #Ramadan
6/ Jalil Khayat Mosque, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq
The largest mosque in the city, it was begun by Jalil Khayat who died in 2005 & completed in 2007 by his sons in memory of their father. The blue style resembles the Mosque of Muhammad Ali in Cairo & Blue mosque in Istanbul #Ramadan
7/ Central Mosque of St. Petersburg, Russia
When opened in 1913, it was the largest mosque in Europe outside Turkey, its minarets 49 meters in height and the dome is 39 meters high. It can accommodate up to 5000 worshippers & is renowned for its beautiful blue tiles #Ramadan
8/ Shah Rukn-e-Alam, Multan, Pakistan
Built between 1320 & 1324 CE by Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq in the pre-Mughal architectural style. It is the mausoleum of Sufi saint Sheikh Rukn-ud-Din Abul Fateh & is the earliest example of Tughluq architecture, with blue tile details #Ramadan
9/ Shah-i-Zinda, Uzbekistan
Ensemble includes mausoleums, mosques & other ritual buildings of 11-15th & 19th centuries. The name Shah-i-Zinda (meaning "The living king") is connected with the legend that Qutham ibn Abbas a cousin of Prophet Muhammad PBUH is buried here #Ramadan
Construction of the mosque started in 1603 and was finished in 1619. It was built by the chief architect Mohammadreza Isfahani, during the reign of Shah Abbas I of Persia, it is renowned for its blue details #Ramadan
11/ The Shah Jahan Masjid, Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan
A 17th-century building that is the central mosque for the city of Thatta. It was built during the reign of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan, who bestowed it to the city as a token of gratitude. It has beautiful blue tiles #Ramadan
12/ Mausoleum Shah Nematollah Vali, Mahan, Kerman, Iran
Shah Nematollah Vali was a renowned Iranian mystic and poet. He died in 1431 aged over 100. In 1436 a shrine was erected in his honour, with distinct beautiful turquoise blue tiles #Ramadan
13/ Blue Mosque, Yerevan, Armenia
Commissioned by Huseyn Ali Khan, the khan of the Iranian Erivan Khanate & completed in 1766. It was the largest of the eight mosques of Yerevan in the 19th century & is the only active mosque in Armenia today, renowned for its blue #Ramadan
14/ Tilla Kari Madrasah, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Built in the 17th century as the last, largest & most embellished structure of the famed Registan Square. It's name means ‘gold-covered', referring to the lavish decoration of its domed chamber. It is covered in blue tiles #Ramadan
15/ Tiled Mosque, Kutahya, Turkey
Constructed by the painter & flute player Ahmet Yakupoğlu in 1973. It is inspired by Middle Asian Turkish architecture & is decorated with blue çini of Kütahya which is a special production #Ramadan
16/ Sher-Dor Madrasa, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Built 1619-36, it stands opposite the Ulugh Beg Madrasa in Samarkand's Registan, a square. It was constructed by Yalangtush Bakhodur. He used a striking composition depicting two lions chasing deer #Ramadan
17/ The Mughal Masjid, Mumbai, India
This Blue Masjid was constructed over 150 years ago, by an Iranian trader, Mohomed Hussain Shirazi. The exterior is clad with blue mosaic tiles brought from Iran, with inlays of the Surahs (verses) from the Qur’an #Ramadan
18/ Seyyed Mosque, Isfahan, Iran
the biggest and the most famous blue mosque from the Qajar era in Isfahan. It was founded in the 19th century by Seyyed Mohammad Bagher Shafti, one of the most famous clergymen in Isfahan #Ramadan
19/ The Haydar Khana Mosque, Baghdad, Iraq
Built by Al-Nasir during the Abbasid Caliphate. The name of this turquoise mosque was attributed to Haydar Pasha Jalabi bin Muhammad Jalabi Shahbandar, who is buried in the same place along with some members of his family #Ramadan
20/ The Blue Mosque, or Aqsunqur Mosque, Cairo, Egypt
The largest mosque in the district. Built in 1347 by Amir Aqsunqur, it incorporates a mausoleum & courtyard for prayer. The interior is decorated with these beautiful blue Iznik tiles from Istanbul & Damascus #Ramadan
21/ Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, Kazakhstan
One of the oldest & most famous blue buildings in Kazakhstan. Khoja Ahmed Yasawi was an 11th-century mystic, poet & religious leader. Construction began in 1389 by the order of Timur, ruler of the Timurid Empire #Ramadan
22/ Gur-E-Amir Mausoleum, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Persian for "Tomb of the King" contains the tombs of Tamerlane, his sons, grandsons & Timur's teacher. The earliest part of the complex was built at the end of the 14th century. Renowned for its blue & turquoise tiles #Ramadan
23/ Yazd Jame Mosque, Iran
Built in the 12th century. A magnificent double-shell turquoise dome crowns the mosque. The entrance of the mosque is decorated with Quranic verses, slates outlining government laws, endowment deeds & reports of repair work on the structure #Ramadan
24/ Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, Palestine
Built between AD 685 and 691 by the caliph 'Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. The mosque has Surah Yaseen inscribed on blue tiles around the exterior. They were added by the Ottoman sultan, Suleiman Al Qanouni in 1615 CE #Ramadan
Discover more about beautiful blue Islamic architecture across the world:
In Africa, an ancient manuscript culture has survived into the present when studying the Qur’an. Students use wooden tablets to practice Arabic calligraphy, & to help them memorise Qur'anic verses.
A thread on the African tradition of memorising the Qur’an using wooden tablets…
1/ Teaching tablets are traditionally used in West and North African schools to help students learn the Qur’an. Writing on wooden boards is the traditional method for memorising the Quran.
2/ Qur'an boards are used by students to write out extracts from the Qur'an or to practise their writing of particular verses - a bit like a slate and chalk. They are generally flat, rectangular & with a handle at one end - or both
Welcome to Al-Mutanabbi Street the ‘Book Market of Baghdad’, where books remain in the street at night because Iraqis say:
“The reader does not steal and the thief does not read.”
A thread on the rich heritage of the historic book market on Al-Mutanabbi Street…
1/ Al-Mutanabbi Street is the historic center of Baghdad bookselling, that dates back to the time of the Abbasids. Located near the old quarter of Baghdad, Al-Mutanabbi Street was Baghdad’s first book traders’ market.
2/ Al-Mutanabbi Street has been, since time immemorial, the historic heart and soul of the Baghdad literary and intellectual community.
Designed to imitate the heavens, Islamic gardens are lush oases of scent, water and sacred geometry. They are a cool place of rest and a reminder of paradise.
To celebrate the arrival of spring, here are 20 beautiful Islamic gardens from across the world…
A thread…
1/ Gardens at Alcázar of Seville, Spain
These lesser known gardens are mesmerising in their own right. Built by the Moorish Muslim kings, today the Alcázar of Seville is considered to be one of the world’s most impressive examples of Mudéjar architecture.
2/ Nishat Bagh (Urdu: نشاط باغ) Jammu and Kashmir
Built in 1663, it is the second largest Mughal garden in the Kashmir Valley. ‘Nishat Bagh’ is Urdu, and means the "Garden of Joy," "Garden of Gladness" and "Garden of Delight.
Ramadan is the holy month of fasting & is centered around prayer, reflection & community.
People come together for Iftar - the meal in which Muslims break their fast upon the sun setting.
To celebrate Ramadan, a thread on the spiritual meaning of the Iftar… #RamadanKareem
1. Ramadan is an experience that is shared throughout the entire community. Perhaps one of the largest benefits of fasting is that it’s performed by all Muslims in unity, encouraging a bond that is stimulated by obedience to Allah (SWT) #Ramadan
2. Iftar is one of the religious observances of Ramadan, & is often done as a community, with Muslim people across the world gathering to break their fast together. The meal is taken just after the call to the Maghrib prayer, which is at sunset #Ramadan
Mosques are at the heart of Islamic life. Muslims spend much time inside mosques during Ramadan as they congregate for communal prayers. Many mosques are renowned for the beauty & artistry of their interiors.
For #Ramadan we look inside 20 mosques across the world…
A thread…
1/ Putra Mosque, Malaysia
The principal mosque of Putrajaya, Malaysia. Construction of the mosque began in 1997 & was completed two years later. It is located next to Perdana Putra, which houses the Malaysian Prime Minister's office & man-made Putrajaya Lake #Ramadan
2/ Sheikh Zayed Mosque, Abu Dhabi
One of the world’s largest mosques. Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the Founding Founder of the UAE, had the mosque built in the capital city Abu Dhabi to create a cultural haven that welcomes & inspires people from all backgrounds #Ramadan