16 April 1947 | SS-Obersturmbannführer Rudolf Höss, the first commandant of the German #Auschwitz camp was hanged after he was sentenced to death by the Supreme National Tribunal in Warsaw.
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Rudolf Höss was born in Baden-Baden on 25 November 1901. He joined the Nazi Party in 1922 and the SS in 1934. He started his career in Dachau in December 1934, then he worked in KL Sachsenhausen. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_H%…
In May 1940 Rudolf Höss was appointed by Heinrich Himmler as the commandant of a new concentration camp created in occupied Polish territory annexed to the Third Reich - #Auschwitz.
#Auschwitz was created at first as an important tool of terror against Polish leadership, intellectuals & resistance. From March 1942 it became one of the centers of mass extermination of European Jews. It was also a place of murder of European Roma. lekcja.auschwitz.org/en_1/
Rudolf Höss lived in a villa 50 meters from the camp fence. He lived there with his wife Hedwig and his four children: Klaus, Heidetraut, Inge-Brigitt, and Hans. His fifth child, Annegret was born on 7 November 1943.
After the war, Rudolf Höss went into hiding. He was arrested by British troops on 11 March 1946.
On 15 April 1946, Rudolf Höss testified at the Nuremberg trial.
He was later extradited to Poland. His trial in Warsaw began on 11 March 1947. The verdict was given on 2 April 1947. Rudolf Höss was sentenced to death.
The execution of Rudolf Höss was carried out on 16 April 1947 at the site of the former Auschwitz I camp - the gallows stood at the remains of the camp Gestapo building, right next to the first crematorium of Auschwitz and 100 meters from the villa where he had lived.
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Jozef & Wiktoria Ulma risked their lives to help Jews during the #Holocaust. On 24 March 1944 the German police discovered the Jews in hiding.
The Jewish family was shot, as was the entire Ulma family - parents & 6 children. Wiktoria was 7 months pregnant.
March 24 - the anniversary of the murder of the Ulma family - is today in Poland the National Day of Remembrance of Poles who saved Jews during German occupiation. See this thread to learn about #Righteous linked with #Auschwitz.
22 March 1943 | The Zentralbauleitung of the #Auschwitz camp (Central Construction office) completed the construction of gas chamber and crematorium IV at Auschwitz II-Birkenau camp. The undressing rooms, gas chamber and crematorium were located on the ground level. 1/5
The gas chamber space was divided into three smaller rooms and had a total of 236.78 square meters. The exterior walls had holes with gas proof trapdoors for inserting Zyklon B. 2/5
The crematorium was equipped with one eight-oven furnace. According to the calculations made German manufacturer Topf & Soehne, 768 corpses could be burned in this crematorium every 24 hours. 3/5
#Auschwitz survivors Zofia Kossak-Szczucka and Władysław Bartoszewski were honoured for their work in "Żegota" - the Polish Council to Aid Jews en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBego…
5 March 1888 | A German Jew, Eugen Salomon, was born in Wörrstadt. His family moved to Mainz, where he became one of the founders and chairman of today’s football club @1FSVMainz05 at the age of only 17.
He was initially a successful textile manufacturer and later worked as a salesman. Throughout his life, he supported Mainz 05 together with a circle of companions through his work and with financial means.
In 1933, Eugen Salomon was forced to leave Mainz and emigrate to France. In 1942 he was deported from Drancy to Auschwitz, where he was murdered on 14 Nov. of that year. Until today Mainz 05 takes a great interest in Eugen Salomon‘s fate.
Witold Zacharewicz and his family were involved in the production of false documents for Jews hiding in Warsaw. The Gestapo managed to discover their activity. He was arrested on 1 October 1942 and deported to Auschwitz the next month.
The mother of Witold Zacharewicz was also deported to #Auschwitz. Wanda Zacharewicz was registered on 27 November 1942 (camp no. 26017). She perished in the camp on 4 January 1943.
12 February 1942 | 48 Poles and 12 Polish Jews deported by Germans from Pawiak prison in Warsaw were registered in Auschwitz. 52 of them perished in the camp. Below we present information about 4 prisoners from this group.
Tadeusz Balcerowski, a locksmith born in Miłosna on 28 September 1916 was registered in Auschwitz as no. 21350. He perished in Auschwitz on 11 March 1943.
Bronisław Galiński, a mason born in Warsaw on 5 May 1905 was registered in Auschwitz as no. 21359. He perished in Auschwitz on 13 April 1942.