Environmental Glossary
👉acidification: An increasing concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in soil or water.
👉aerobic: Refers to an environment in which oxygen (O2) is readily available. Compare with anaerobic.
👉algal bloom: An event of high phytoplankton biomass.
👉anthropogenic: Occurring as a result of a human influence.
👉aquifer: Groundwater resources in some defined area.
👉atmosphere: The gaseous envelope surrounding the Earth, held in place by gravity.
👉autotroph: An organism that synthesizes its biochemical constituents using simple inorganic compounds and an external source of energy to drive the process. #upsc
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1-Intercropping is the practice of growing more than one crop on the same field at the same time in a definite row pattern.
A-Row Intercropping
When the component crops are arranged in alternate rows it is known as row intercropping.
B-Strip Intercropping
When two or more crops are grown in wide strips so that the two crops can be managed separately, it is known as strip cropping.
C-Relay Intercropping
In this type of intercropping, a second crop is planted when the existed crop has flowered but not harvested. For eg., Rice-Cauliflower-Onion-Summer gourds.
1-RECESSION
Recession refers to a phase of the downturn in the economic cycle when there is a fall in the country’s GDP for some quarters.
‘A recession is a period of decline in total output, income, employment and trade, usually lasting six months to a year.’
#2 DEPRESSION
When recession, turns out to be more severe and continues for a long term.
A common rule of thumb for depression is a negative GDP of 10% of more, for more than 3 years.
Some other inflation term-
#1 Structural inflation
#2 Disinflation
#3 Deflation
#4 Open inflation
#5 Repressed/supressed inflation
#6 Skewflation
#7 Stagflation
#8 Core Inflation
#9 Headline inflation
See below👇
#1 Structural Inflation- Developing and Low-Income Countries.
Example:In India,let’s assume that the farmer produces fruits and vegetables at 10000 per quintal.But the final consumer gets the same at 20000 per quintal.Huge disparity between what farmer receives and consumer pays
#2 Disinflation-Disinflation is a situation in which the rate of inflation falls over a period of time. Remember the difference; disinflation is when the inflation rate is falling from say 5% to 3%.
#1 Demand pull infation-If aggregate demand (AD) rises faster than productive capacity,then firms will respond by putting up prices,creating inflation.
See below 👇
A rise in demand causes a fall Unemployment (from 6% to 3%) but an increase in inflation from inflation of 2% to 5%
#2 –Creeping Inflation a condition where the inflation in a country increases slowly but continuously over a period of time and the effect of inflation is noticed after a long period of time.
Ex-if the inflation is at the rate of 3% it will take 33 years for the prices to double.