"Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering (SAG) is a proposed #SolarGeoengineering approach to offset #ClimateChange impacts, but may have -ve effects on hydrology."
In this regard new study is published in "๐ถ๐๐๐๐๐ก๐ ๐ท๐ฆ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ."
Details โฌ๏ธ
๐งต1/9
"Using a climate model, researchers quantify the sensitivity of the tropical monsoon precipitation to the meridional distribution of volcanic #SulfateAerosols prescribed in the #stratosphere in terms of the changes in aerosol optical depth (AOD)." 2/9
"In the experiments, large changes in summer monsoon ๐ง๏ธ in the tropical monsoon areas are simulated, mainly over the Indian region, in alliance with meridional shifts in the location of the intertropical convergence zone caused by changes in interhemispheric AOD differences." 3/9
Based on the simulations of this study, authors "estimate a sensitivity of โ1.8ยฐยฑ0.0ยฐ meridional shift in global mean ITCZ & a 6.9ยฑ0.4% reduction in NH monsoon index (NHMI; summer monsoon precipitation over NH monsoon regions) /0.1 interhemispheric AOD difference (NH-SH)." 4/9
This study also "quantify the sensitivity in terms of interhemispheric (IH) differences in effective #RadiativeForcing & IH temperature differences: 3.5ยฑ0.3% change in NHMI per unit (Wmโปยฒ) IH radiative forcing difference & 5.9ยฑ0.4% change/unit (ยฐC) IH temp. difference." 5/9
"Similar sensitivity estimates are also made by the researchers of this study for the Indian monsoon precipitation." 6/9
"The establishment of the relationship btw interhemispheric AOD (or radiative forcing) differences and ITCZ shift as discussed in this paper will further facilitate and simplify understanding of the effects of #StratosphericAerosolGeoengineering on tropical monsoon rainfall." 7/9
Read the study entitled, "Quantification of tropical monsoon precipitation changes in terms of interhemispheric differences in stratospheric sulfate aerosol optical depth" here โฌ๏ธ researchgate.net/publication/37โฆ
๐จDirect air capture (#DAC) using amine-based sorbents is one of the "most promising ways" to remove COโ, but a core challenge remains: the materials degrade over time, raising costs and limiting scale.
A new study examines why that happens and how to fix it.๐งต1/12
2/ Degradation here means any chemical or physical change that reduces COโ uptake or increases energy needed for regeneration.
Over time, even small losses compound, turning a promising material into a costly bottleneck.
3/ The paper highlights that degradation is not a single process.
It emerges from a combination of oxidative, thermal, and environmental pathways, each interacting with the sorbentโs molecular structure in different ways.
๐จNew research from WashU shows that diamond dust, long proposed as an ideal solar geoengineering (#SRM) material for #SAI, may lose much of its cooling potential when real-world chemistry & manufacturing constraints are taken into account.
DETAILS๐งต1/11
2/ Solar geoengineering, particularly stratospheric aerosol injection (#SAI), seeks to mimic volcanic cooling by dispersing reflective particles into the upper atmosphere, reducing incoming solar radiation and temporarily offsetting warming.
3/ Sulfate aerosols (from volcano-like approaches) can cool the planet, but they come with risks: acid rain, ozone damage, and health impacts.
๐จWhere should Direct Air Capture (#DAC) be deployed to scale carbon removal?
New research shows: costs are driven less by the technology itself and more by location, climate, and energy systems, making DAC a fundamentally geo-dependent solution.
Details๐งต1/10
2/ DAC needs to scale to 0.5โ5 GtCOโ/year by 2050, yet current capacity is ~0.00004 Gt.
Scaling requires massive cost reductions, and smart siting.
3/ The study evaluates two leading approaches:
โข Solid sorbent DAC (S-DAC)
โข Liquid solvent DAC (L-DAC)
Using global, high-resolution data on weather and renewable energy availability.
New study suggests that during the Emeishan supervolcanic eruptions (~260M yrs ago), enhanced weathering of uplifted rocks removed huge amounts of atm COโ, cutting levels nearly in half.
How?๐งต1/11
2/ Large igneous provinces (LIPs) are among the largest volcanic events in Earthโs history, typically releasing huge volumes of lava over 1-5 million years.
Theyโre widely thought to drive COโ spikes, warming, and environmental crises through massive volcanic degassing.
3/ To test this assumption, researchers reconstructed atmospheric COโ levels across the Emeishan volcanic episode using carbon isotopes from chlorophyll-derived biomarkers preserved in marine sediments from the Shangsi section in China.
๐จHow much does the shape of particles matter for #SolarGeoengineering?
A new study tests whether non-spherical particles could improve the cooling efficiency of #SAI.
The result: shape can help slightly, but particle size & refractive index dominate the cooling effect.๐งต1/11
2/ SAI aims to cool Earth by injecting particles into the lower stratosphere that scatter incoming sunlight back to space, increasing planetary reflectivity (albedo).
The effectiveness of these particles depends on their optical properties, how they scatter and absorb sunlight.
3/ Most previous studies optimized SAI particles assuming they're perfect spheres, focusing on 2 parameters: particle radius & refractive index.
But real particles in the atm are often irregular or elongated, raising an imp Q: could particle shape improve solar reflection?
1๏ธโฃ Solar geoengineering governance platform - A new SGRG initiative will develop transparency tools, disclosure systems and a research governance charter as SRM studies expand.
2๏ธโฃ AMOC tipping warning & role of SRM - Nordic Council report highlights risks of an Atlantic circulation collapse and urges stronger monitoring and expanded research into climate intervention alongside emissions cuts.