"They naturally extract CO2 from the air and use it as feed. The more CO2 plants absorb, the less CO2 remains trapped in the atmosphere." 2/6
As plants decompose, CO2
is released back to the air
"If left alone, plants are eaten by other organisms and releasing the carbon back to the carbon cycle within months."
3/6
Anoxic conditions slow decomposition
"In anoxic waters, plants decompose extremely slowly, effectively storing the carbon much longer." 4/6
The Black Sea is the ideal location
"It is the largest anoxic body of water on earth, 2km deep, surrounded by fertile lands. The Black Sea is the optimal environment allowing affordable, environmentally safe, gigaton scale #CarbonRemoval in this decade." 5/6
🚨2025 Year in Review: Solar Geoengineering Edition🚨
As we enter 2026, we’re excited to share our yearly summary for #SRM: "Solar Geoengineering in 2025: Rays of Hope, Clouds of Doubt."
Here’s what we cover in this comprehensive review:🧵1/11
2/ 𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭’𝐬 𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐥𝐮𝐝𝐞𝐝 𝐢𝐧 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝟐𝟎𝟐5 𝐫𝐞𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰?
1️⃣ Rising Temp & Escalating Climate Impacts
2️⃣SRM Funding Announcements
3️⃣Top SRM Stories
4️⃣Restrictions & Bans on SRM
5️⃣Essential SRM Reads
6️⃣SRM in Media
7️⃣Research Highlights
8️⃣Our Work Across Geoengineering
3/ 2025 was the third-warmest yr on record. @CopernicusEU shows the last 11 yrs were the warmest ever, with the global average temp in yrs 2023-25 exceeding 1.5 °C. Top climate disasters caused $120B+ in losses, intensifying debates over mitigation, CDR & SRM.
🚨Two recent engineering studies examine whether H2-powered aircraft can reliably deliver large payloads to the lower stratosphere for #SAI.
The papers compare a conventional tube-wing aircraft & a canard-wing alternative, analyzing design feasibility & performance limits🧵1/14
2/ Delivering aerosols to these altitudes with large payloads is difficult using existing aircraft.
Both studies explore H2 propulsion b/c it offers high gravimetric energy density & zero CO₂e, potentially enabling long-duration missions without adding direct C emissions
3/ To enable comparison, both designs are evaluated against the same core mission:
• Climb and cruise at 65,000 ft
• Sustain flight for ~3.5 hours
• Deliver a ~50,000 lb aerosol payload
• Operate near aerodynamic and propulsion limits typical of the lower stratosphere
For smallholder agroforestry, traditional methods are labor-intensive, expensive & hard to scale. As a result, farmers are locked out of climate finance.
3/ So, in this study researchers used an approach "DiameterAlgorithm," a non-contact method that estimates tree diameter (DBH) from a single photograph.
Instead of manual tapes or costly sensors, it relies on computer vision and a simple reference tag placed on the tree.
🚨Monthly Solar Geoengineering Updates (Dec Edition)
From NCAR’s possible shutdown & the Guardian’s sun-dimming debate to an African-led #SRM hub, the EU’s first governance conference & new studies, SRM dominated headlines and labs alike.
Top 10 SRM Highlights (Dec 2025)🧵1/8
1️⃣ Trump administration plans to dismantle NCAR, a leading hub for climate & SRM research
2️⃣ Guardian editorial sparks debate, warning of “sun-dimming” under political control. In response, letters argue research shutdown stifles science & misrepresents African perspectives.
2/
3️⃣ DSG launches SRM Governance Horizons, a project to assess institutional readiness and inclusive governance for solar radiation modification debates.
4️⃣ Sandro Vattioni wins China’s 2025 Pineapple Science Award for research on diamond dust as a potential SRM material.
🚨What if old clothes could power cities & remove CO₂?
New study shows that modular bioenergy with carbon capture (#BECCS) using discarded textiles can cut emissions, beat landfilling on env impacts & deliver durable #CDR at costs competitive with today’s CDR markets.
🧵1/10
2/ ~92 Mt of textile waste are generated globally each year. Roughly half is biogenic (e.g., cotton), meaning it already represents stored atmospheric CO₂ captured by plants during growth.
Yet ~66% of US textiles are landfilled, releasing GHGs & pollutants over time.
3/ In this study, researches model a 100 t/day modular waste-to-energy plant using:
• 100% cotton textiles
• 50/50 cotton–PET blends
Each case is assessed with and without CCS and compared to landfilling using full LCA + techno-economic analysis.