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Jun 1, 2023 30 tweets 11 min read Read on X
Special & continuous #Thread

Buddha and Bodhisattva with Janeu debunking left hand theory that #Buddhism is not #Hindutva

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This 9th-century plaque depicts the Buddha asking the earth to witness his enlightenment

#Archaeology #Janeu
1/n https://imgur.io/WvoYjYS?r
Khasarpaṇa Avalokiteśvara,
circa early 11th century, found spot: Mahākalī, Vikrampur, Dhaka district. National Museum of Bangladesh, Dhaka

2/
#Archaeology #Hindutva #Janeu https://quod.lib.umich.edu/a/ars/13441566.0046.008/--faceless-gazes-silent-texts-images-of-devotees-and-practices?rgn=main;view=fulltext
Buddha (Enlightenment)
circa 6th century, Sarnath, buff sandstone,
Donor.
senior monk Vandhugupta,
ASI Site Museum, Sarnath

#Archaeology #Hindutva #Janeu
3/
Image
Earth goddess (left), Aparājitā (right), with monastic donor, Vandhugupta (middle left), Lower part of the stele
Buddha Śākyamuni, chlorite schist, Gaya district (Kurkihar), circa mid-9th century.
Image:
#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu

4/ lacma.org

Image
Vimalaprabha on the lower register, detail of figure 10, the Buddha Śākyamuni stele, chlorite schist, Gaya district (Kurkihar), circa mid-9th century, 31 ¾ x 18 ¼ x 9 inches. LACMA, M 73.4.11. Image: www.lacma.org
Buddha Śākyamuni,
probably Kurkihar,
circa mid-9th century
Courtesy of Asian Art Museum of San Francisco

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
5/ Image
Tārā,
Nālandā,
circa 10th century,
Indian Museum
#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu

6/ https://quod.lib.umich.edu/a/ars/13441566.0046.008/--faceless-gazes-silent-texts-images-of-devotees-and-practices?rgn=main;view=fulltext
Mārīcī
Nālandā,
circa late 10th century,
Indian Museum

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
7/ https://quod.lib.umich.edu/a/ars/13441566.0046.008/--faceless-gazes-silent-texts-images-of-devotees-and-practices?rgn=main;view=fulltext
Buddha in bhumīṣparśa mudrā, Hasra Kol,
Bihar,
circa 10th century,
Patna Museum

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
8/ https://quod.lib.umich.edu/a/ars/13441566.0046.008/--faceless-gazes-silent-texts-images-of-devotees-and-practices?rgn=main;view=fulltext
Avalokiteśvara with Tārā, Bhṛkuṭī, and Hayagrīva,
Nālandā,
circa late 10th century,
ASI Nālandā Site Museum

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व
#Janeu
9/ Image
Buddha in bhumīṣparśa mudrā, Vikrampur, Dhaka district,
circa 11th century
National Museum of Bangladesh, Dhaka

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
10/ Image
Khasarpaṇa from Mahākālī
house of Babu Bhuban Chandra Mitra in Nahapara,
image: N.K. Bhattasali, Iconography of Buddhist and Brahmanical sculptures in the Dacca Museum (1929), plate VII-a

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
11/ Image
Buddha sculpture from Antichak, India, ca. 11th–12th centuries. Bronze, h. 6.5 cm. Archaeological Survey of India Office, Patna, India

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
13/
https://quod.lib.umich.edu/a/ars/13441566.0050.013/--time-and-time-again-finding-perspective-for-bodhgaya-buddha?rgn=main;view=fulltext  Buddha sculpture, found at Fatehpur. Bronze, h. 27.8 cm. Formerly in the Bodh Gaya Site Museum (91), stolen in 1981. Photo: American Institute of Indian Studies, Gurgaon
https://quod.lib.umich.edu/a/ars/13441566.0050.013/--time-and-time-again-finding-perspective-for-bodhgaya-buddha?rgn=main;view=fulltext
Sealing with Enshrined Buddha figure and ye dharmā verse (also called dharmā-relic verse or Buddhist formula), Bodhgayā, ca. 11th century. Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, OH Image courtesy Artstor

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
14/ https://quod.lib.umich.edu/a/ars/13441566.0050.013/--time-and-time-again-finding-perspective-for-bodhgaya-buddha?rgn=main;view=fulltext
The Buddha triumphing over Mara
850–950
India; probably Kurkihar, Bihar
Basalt
The Avery Brundage Collection


#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
15/ collections.asianart.org/collection/the…
Image
Buddha with 7 hooded serpents and a janeu

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
16/ Image
Avalokiteśvara
Sri Lanka,
6th–7th century
Excavated from Khuan Saranrom, Phunphin district, Surat Thani province, southern Thailand, in 1961
National Museum, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
17/ Image
Avalokiteśvara ?
Southern India, ca. 6th century
Recovered from Krishna River delta, Andhra Pradesh,
Victoria and Albert Museum, London

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
18/ When this finely cast bronze icon of the bodhi-sattva Avalokiteśvara (cat. 6) was excavated in peninsular Thailand in 1961, comparisons were quickly drawn with the famous bronze bodhi-sattva torso recovered in the Krishna River delta, Andhra Pradesh (cat. 7), which is assigned to the Pallava period (ca. 6th century). Both have a slender torso with broad shoulders and a multistranded sacred cord ( yajñopavīta) drawn across the left shoulder. In each case, one pro-jecting hand displays the gesture of exposition  https://resources.metmuseum.org/resources/metpublications/pdf/Lost_Kingdoms_Hindu...
Prajñāpāramitā, Goddess of Wisdom
Sri Lanka, probably Polonnaruwa,
ca. late 8th–9th century
Reportedly found in southern Thailand
Victoria and Albert Museum, London


#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
19/ resources.metmuseum.org/resources/metp…
Prajñāpāramitā, whose name means “perfection of knowledge,” was an important cult divinity in Mahāyāna Buddhism during the late first mil-lennium. She is the personification of the text of the same name, which is largely a compilation of dialogues on the nature of Buddhist wisdom, incantations, and charms (dhāranī ). She proba-bly emerged from monasteries in southern India as a Buddhist counterpart to the Brahmanical Laksmī, also a wisdom goddess. Here, Prajñā-pāramitā is seated in a meditation posture, with face alert and hands engaged in an Esoteric Buddhist gesture associated with higher...
The earliest Pyu images of the Buddha in Myanmar, and among the earliest ones in Southeast Asia as a whole, appear on the great silver reliquary that was the centerpiece of the Khin Ba relic chamber


#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #Janeu
20/ resources.metmuseum.org/resources/metp…
this exceptionally important sacred object reveals an eclectic mixture of Indian features for which there is no known Indian model: it combines the concept of a Buddhist tree shrine with a cylindrical relic container and reveals artistic affinities with both Gupta and Andhra Pradesh traditions of Buddhist art. The reliquary was made from a thin sheet of silver about two millimeters thick, hammered in the repoussé method over a matrix of hard wood. It never had a bottom and was not made to be self- supporting but rather formed a sheath over a wood casket and cover of the same dimensions and ...
Buddha Seated under the Bodhi Tree
Thailand (Buriram province, probably Prakhon Chai)
7th–9th century

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व
21/ sizable number of Mon-style plaques of the seventh to ninth century, rich in iconographic variation, have survived from Thailand. These portable, mold-made, terracotta votive plaques must have been commonly available at major Buddhist pilgrimage sites and important religious centers. Their widespread availability and easy portability helped to disseminate Buddhist doctrine, styles, and iconography throughout South and Southeast Asia, as well as the Far East  https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/38523
Buddha Meditating Under the Bodhi Tree,
ca. 900 C.E. Granite, 69 1/2 x 31 1/2 x 18 1/2 in., 2357 lb. (176.5 x 80 x 47 cm, 1069.13kg). Creative Commons
Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu, India

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #janeu
22/ This image of Shakyamuni depicts him meditating. Above him are the heart-shape leaves of the bodhi tree, a reference to the site where he gained enlightenment, at Bodh Gaya in northern India. This sculpture is made of granite, typically used by carvers in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. By the time it was made, there were few Buddhists in South India, and monasteries in the area relied on patronage from Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. Foreign influence is evident in the flame on the Buddha’s cranial bump (ushnisha), a trait not typically found on Indian Buddhas.  https://www.brooklynmus...
This Buddha’s sculpture found inside the Suryanarayan and Papanaseswara temples, Buddha can be seen seated under the Bodhi tree in Dhyanamudra (contemplating meditation), with an attendant’s sculpture carved above, below and on his left side.
10 th century
#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व #janeu
22/
https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2022/may/16/how-experts-see-buddhist-sculptures-in-alampur-2453998.amp
This is probably the oldest proof of #Buddha wearing #Janeu
~1st century ce
National Museum Delhi

#Archaeology #Hindutva
23/
Image
Image
#Buddha statue wearing #janeu
Sanchi Stupa

#Archaeology #Hindutva #हिंदुत्व
24/ https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Buddha_statue_at_sanchi_stupa.jpg
Avalokiteshvara Padmapani
Nagarjunakonda, Andhra Pradesh, India
DATES 3rd-6th century

23/
#Archaeology #Hindutva #janeu Avalokiteshvara has features that would come to be associated with this Bodhisattva, most notably the presence of a small figure of a meditating Buddha (usually identified as the Buddha Amitabha) on the front of his crown. It was carved on the back of a much earlier architectural element with a large lotus on it, probably dating to the second or third century C.E.  https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/109069
9th century Tara.
Indonesia
Can you spot the #janeu ?
asianart.com/exhibitions/aa…
Image
Padmapani, the Lotus Bearer, is the most important of all bodhisattvas. Embodying compassion, he is the presiding deity of the present kalpa (eon).
Brooklyn Museum
Nepal
DATES 12th-13th century

24/
#Archaeology #Hindutva #janeu https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/3867
25/
Seated Tara, 9th century with #janeu
#Archaeology https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/objects/154419 Black schist, 30 1/4 x 15 3/4 x 7 3/4 in., 181 lb. (76.8 x 40 x 19.7 cm, 82.1kg). Brooklyn Museum, Purchased with funds given by Dr. Bertram H. Schaffner, 1995.136. Creative Commons-BY (Photo
26/
Mother Maya Devi wears a 'Janeu' while an attendant cradles Shishu Buddha in this sculpture from Bihar, 9th Century ce.


Image
27/
Isrumuniya lovers
4th -6th Century.A-D. Gupta style carving represent Dutugemunu's son Saliya wearing a #Janeu and the special class (Sadol Kula) maiden Asokamala whom he loved, in Anurâdhapura Museum, Temple d'Isurumuniya.- Sri Lanka.

#Archaeology https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Isrumuniya_lovers_4-6_.cent._A-D_in_Anuradhapura_Museum_%281%29.jpg

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Did you know? Across Asia, from Northeast India to Indonesia, ancient cultures practiced fascinating burial customs using massive stone and ceramic jars to honor their dead. These burial jars reveal secrets about trade, beliefs, and connections over 2,000 years ago!

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2️⃣
2/ In Assam, India, the mysterious megalithic stone jars of Dima Hasao date back to 400+ BCE. Some jars stand over 3 meters tall, carved from sandstone, placed on hilltops! The largest site — Nuchubunglo — houses 546 jars, the biggest collection worldwide yet lacking research #AssamHeritage

Key Assam Sites:
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1️⃣ In Goa, Hindu communities embrace an age-old custom of venerating anthills, considering them sacred representations of the Earth Goddess. Locally referred to as Sateri (Santeri), Bhoomika, Ela, among other names, these anthills are honored as symbols of mother earth's divinity. The village name "Bhoma" in Goa is rooted in this reverence, connecting back to Bhoomi (Earth). One notable example is the revered anthill in Virnoda, Goa.Image
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1️⃣ # Victorian Code of Modesty: A Thread on Female Status and personal Life vs Men

## The Hidden Reality Behind Victorian "Virtue"

The Victorian era (1837-1901) created one of history's most elaborate systems of female subjugation, disguised as moral protection. While we often picture prudish women fainting at exposed ankles, the reality was a calculated legal, medical, and social framework that stripped women of personhood while claiming to honor their virtue.

This should be bookmarked for future references. RT maxImage
2️⃣ ## The Doctrine of Separate Spheres: Biology as Destiny

Victorian society was built on the "doctrine of separate spheres"- the belief that men and women were naturally designed for completely different roles:

**Men's Domain:**
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- Financial providers and decision-makers
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**Women's Domain:**
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This wasn't merely social convention - Victorians believed it was **biological destiny**[4]. As one Victorian theorist declared: "The man's power is active, progressive, defensive... but the woman's power is for rule, not for battle"[5].Image
3️⃣
## The Victorian Code of Modesty: Control Through Clothing

### Physical Restrictions Disguised as Virtue

Victorian women's clothing literally embodied their oppression:

- **Complete body coverage:** High necklines, long sleeves, floor-length skirts
- **Multiple daily changes:** Different outfits for morning visits, afternoon activities, evening events
- **Restrictive undergarments:** Corsets so tight they caused fainting and required male assistance for movement
- **Covered extremities:** Gloves mandatory, exposed ankles scandalous

The cruel irony? Evening wear often featured low necklines and bare arms[8] - modesty was situational, serving male convenience rather than moral consistency.

### Behavioral Control Through Etiquette

Conduct manuals dictated every aspect of a lady's existence[9][10][11]:

- **"Tip her tongue with silence"** - women should be seen, not heard[9]
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- **Limited social activities** - theater and public gatherings could "corrupt"[9]
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Sep 10
1/ 🧵Colonial Science & Caste: A Madras Observatory Story
How did Brahmins become human instruments of empire? A thread on caste, race, and the strange machinery of colonial astronomy in India. 👇  colonial-era engraving of the Madras Observatory, showing domed structures and astronomical instruments.
2/ Brahmin as Tools

The Madras Observatory served as more than just a center for astronomical study; it was where colonial science intersected with issues of caste and ethnicity. Brahmins were chosen not solely for their expertise, but for their skills in calculation, documentation, and adherence to orders. They gradually became regarded less as intellectuals and more as automated entities—akin to "human substitutes for self-recording devices."

Despite their crucial contributions, Indian assistants were often reduced to mere 'tools' or machines, with their wisdom and independence minimized in official narratives.Brahmins weren’t just scholars—they became human instruments of empire. Their scribal skills made them ideal for chronometric tasks.
3/ The Observatory's social framework aimed to bolster tax assessments and required individuals who could navigate both Indian and European spheres. Thus emerged the "half-caste" computers. These intermediaries served as vital links between the two communities. Mixed-race aides were initially pivotal in calculations and teaching. However, issues of trust and racial hierarchy eventually led Europeans to dominate certain roles, causing the system to unravel.Image
Read 7 tweets

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