The #Righteous during World War Two
Egyptan Dr. Mohammed Helmy saved a Jewish family in Berlin from death in the Holocaust 1/n Mohamed Helmy was an Egyptian doctor who lived in Berlin and hid several Jews during the Holocaust. He was honoured by Israel's Yad Vashem
2/n Holocaust memorial as "Righteous Among the Nations" – the highest honor given to a non-Jew for risking great personal dangers to rescue Jews from the Nazis' gas chambers.
Helmy was born in 1901 in Khartoum, in what was then Egypt and is now Sudan, to an Egyptian father and a
3/n German mother. He came to Berlin in 1922 to study medicine and worked as a urologist until 1938, when Germany banned him from the public health system because he was not considered Aryan, said Martina Voigt, the German historian, who conducted research on Helmy.
4/n When the Nazis began deporting Jews, he hid 21-year-old Anna Boros, a family friend, at a cabin on the outskirts of the city, and provided her relatives with medical care. After Boros' relatives admitted to Nazi interrogators that he was hiding her, he arranged for her
5/n to hide at an acquaintance's house before authorities could inspect the cabin. The four family members survived the war and immigrated to the U.S. Letters expressing their gratitude to their rescuer were uncovered in the Berlin archives, and were submitted to Yad Vashem
6/n After the war, Helmy picked up his work as a physician again and married Emmi. The couple had been unable to marry during the Nazi era because of the race laws in place. Helmy stayed in West Berlin where he worked as a doctor until his death in 1982.
7/7 Mohamed Helmy and his wife Emmi Helmy (right) in Berlin during a visit of Anna Boros (second from left) and her daughter Carla in 1969.
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1/n On October 7, 1944, prisoners assigned to Crematorium IV at the Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center rebel after learning that they were going to be killed.
For months, young Jewish women, like Ester Wajcblum, Ala Gärtner, & Regina Safirsztain, had been smuggling small amounts
2/n of gunpowder from the Weichsel-Union-Metallwerke, a munitions factory within the Auschwitz complex, to men and women in the camp’s resistance movement, like Róza Robota, a young Jewish woman who worked in the clothing detail at Birkenau. Under constant guard, the women in
3/n the factory took small amounts of the gunpowder, wrapped it in bits of cloth or paper, hid it on their bodies, and then passed it along the smuggling chain. Once she received the gunpowder, Róza Robota then passed it to her co-conspirators in the Sonderkommando, the special
Miep Gies (Februari 15, 1909 – Januari 11, 2010) 1/n Miep was born in 1909, in Vienna. During World War One, when she was very young, she didn’t have enough food and as a result, Miep often became ill.
In 1920 a Dutch family offered to look after her and help her get better.
2/n Miep’s parents thought that this was the best thing for her and that Holland would be a safe place for her to be.
When she was older, Miep started working for a Jewish man called Otto Frank.
Otto had moved to Holland from Germany in the 1930s with
3/n his wife Edith and daughters Margot and Anne. Germany had become dangerous for Jews and Otto thought Holland would be safer.
Jewish people across Europe were being treated unfairly and were losing many of their rights.
Otto Frank, Miep, her husband Jan and their son Paul.
Toni Rinde - Her family's brave decision 1/n Rinde was born in 1940 as Toni Igel in Przemysl, in Poland, about 14 months after Germans invaded the country.
Her family was among thousands of Jews who were confined in the city’s Jewish ghetto when in 1942 her dad, Stanley,
2/n got word that the Gestapo was preparing an “aktion” to transport hundreds of residents to a death camp.
Though the Germans reviled her dad and called him “a dirty Jew,” they still relied upon him to help distribute food and supplies to the troops and the ghetto.
3/n In his food distribution work, Stanley Igel got to know Albert Battel, one of the few Germans who seemed friendly to him, so when Igel got word of the impending action against Jews in the ghetto, he was alarmed. “My dad mentioned that to Battel
Thread 1/n Margarita Ferrer and Austrian prisoner Rudolf Friemel married in the Nazi death camp, the only wedding ever to take place there.
2/n Rudolf Friemel and Margarita Ferrer met during the Spanish Civil War on the Ebro front in northeast Spain. Friemel had joined the International Brigades to fight against the fascist forces led by Francisco Franco. Ferrer was part of a group of anti-fascist women who came to
3/n cheer up the soldiers in the trenches when the fighting abated. When Franco’s troops entered Barcelona, she fled on foot with her sister across the Pyrenees mountain range, only to end up in a concentration camp in France. Unbeknownst to Margarita, Rudolf arrived soon after
The Genocide to the Sinti and Roma and the long struggle for recognition 1/n The photos in which groups of adolescents can be seen on excursions in nature or in the garden seem like a childish idyll. But the idyll is deceptive, because the
2/n photos show children from Sinti families who were housed in St. Josefspflege in Mulfingen during the Nazi era and were later murdered in Auschwitz. The deportation to the Catholic children's home was ordered because the parents were in a concentration camp or the children
3/n were under state care for other reasons. In Mulfingen, the Sinti pupils were examined by Eva Justin, a close associate of the head of the Racial Hygienic and Population Biological Research Center in the Reich Health Office, for her racial dissertation. Most of them were
The #Righteous amongst us
Joseph & Leonie Morand 1/n Through intermediaries, the Birnbaums from Antwerp found an apartment in which to hide in October 1942, in the town of Godinne-sur-Meuse, between Namur/Namen and Dinant, in the Ardennes region.
Joel and Hudes Birnbaum, 1939
2/n The Birnbaums consisted of ten-year-old Henry, his four-year-old sister Charlotte, their mother, her parents and her sister-in-law, Rachel Kohn. At first, they rented the first floor of the apartment from Joseph and Leonie Morand, who
Henry and Charlotte Birnbaum, postwar
3/n were living on the ground floor, giving health reasons as an excuse for leaving Antwerp. However, the Birnbaums lacked food coupons and were fearful to leave the apartment. This forced them eventually to reveal to the Morands the truth about their flight from Antwerp.