Cowboy Tcherno Bill Profile picture
Democracy, rationality, environment, history, science, real news, minorities & underdogs 🇪🇺
Jan 21 6 tweets 2 min read
The story of the Apeldoornsche Bosch
1/n
Jewish psychiatric institution 'The Apeldoornsche Bosch' has gone down in history as a location where a terrible war drama took place. On January 22, 2023 it was 80 years since the institution was evacuated by the Germans in World War II. Image 2/n More than 1300 Jews were taken to Auschwitz, where they were murdered. The Apeldoornsche Bosch was a Jewish psychiatric institution, located on the Zutphensestreet in Apeldoorn from 1909 to 1943. At first it seemed that the Nazis would leave Apeldoornsche Bosch alone. Image
Jan 11 5 tweets 2 min read
The #Righteous amongst us

Stefania Podgórska🧵 1/n

Stefania Podgórska grew up in a Catholic farming family. She began working in a store owned by the Jewish couple Lea and Izaak Diamant in Przemyśl in 1938. Image 2/n In 1939 the Wehrmacht occupied parts of Przemyśl, taking over the whole city in June 1941. Lea and Izaak Diamant were persecuted and had to move into the ghetto with their three sons in 1942. Stefania Podgórska defied a ban to take food

Stefania with her sister Helena, 1943 Image
Jan 6 6 tweets 3 min read
1/n On October 7, 1944, prisoners assigned to Crematorium IV at the Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center rebel after learning that they were going to be killed.
For months, young Jewish women, like Ester Wajcblum, Ala Gärtner, & Regina Safirsztain, had been smuggling small amounts Image
Image
Image
Image
2/n of gunpowder from the Weichsel-Union-Metallwerke, a munitions factory within the Auschwitz complex, to men and women in the camp’s resistance movement, like Róza Robota, a young Jewish woman who worked in the clothing detail at Birkenau. Under constant guard, the women in Image
Jan 5 11 tweets 4 min read
Miep Gies (Februari 15, 1909 – Januari 11, 2010)
1/n
Miep was born in 1909, in Vienna. During World War One, when she was very young, she didn’t have enough food and as a result, Miep often became ill.
In 1920 a Dutch family offered to look after her and help her get better. Image 2/n Miep’s parents thought that this was the best thing for her and that Holland would be a safe place for her to be.
When she was older, Miep started working for a Jewish man called Otto Frank.
Otto had moved to Holland from Germany in the 1930s with Image
Jan 2 12 tweets 4 min read
Toni Rinde - Her family's brave decision
1/n
Rinde was born in 1940 as Toni Igel in Przemysl, in Poland, about 14 months after Germans invaded the country.
Her family was among thousands of Jews who were confined in the city’s Jewish ghetto when in 1942 her dad, Stanley, Image 2/n got word that the Gestapo was preparing an “aktion” to transport hundreds of residents to a death camp.
Though the Germans reviled her dad and called him “a dirty Jew,” they still relied upon him to help distribute food and supplies to the troops and the ghetto.
Dec 30, 2025 7 tweets 3 min read
An Auschwitz love story: the Auschwitz wedding

Thread
1/n
Margarita Ferrer and Austrian prisoner Rudolf Friemel married in the Nazi death camp, the only wedding ever to take place there. Image 2/n Rudolf Friemel and Margarita Ferrer met during the Spanish Civil War on the Ebro front in northeast Spain. Friemel had joined the International Brigades to fight against the fascist forces led by Francisco Franco. Ferrer was part of a group of anti-fascist women who came to
Dec 30, 2025 5 tweets 2 min read
"Racial Diagnosis: gypsy"

The Genocide to the Sinti and Roma and the long struggle for recognition
1/n
The photos in which groups of adolescents can be seen on excursions in nature or in the garden seem like a childish idyll. But the idyll is deceptive, because the Image 2/n photos show children from Sinti families who were housed in St. Josefspflege in Mulfingen during the Nazi era and were later murdered in Auschwitz. The deportation to the Catholic children's home was ordered because the parents were in a concentration camp or the children Image
Dec 29, 2025 9 tweets 3 min read
The #Righteous amongst us
Joseph & Leonie Morand
1/n
Through intermediaries, the Birnbaums from Antwerp found an apartment in which to hide in October 1942, in the town of Godinne-sur-Meuse, between Namur/Namen and Dinant, in the Ardennes region.

Joel and Hudes Birnbaum, 1939 Image 2/n The Birnbaums consisted of ten-year-old Henry, his four-year-old sister Charlotte, their mother, her parents and her sister-in-law, Rachel Kohn. At first, they rented the first floor of the apartment from Joseph and Leonie Morand, who

Henry and Charlotte Birnbaum, postwar Image
Dec 29, 2025 6 tweets 2 min read
Henri Landwirth, Holocaust survivor who forgave — and then gave kids the world
🧵 1/n
Henri Landwirth, a Holocaust survivor, was shuttled for five years between German death and labor camps including Auschwitz, Matthausen and Ostrowitz. Image 2/n At the end of WWII, a German soldier marched Landwirth into the woods to be executed and, at the last minute, spared his life. Despite his horrific experiences as a child, Landwirth has become one of the world’s most noted individuals in child advocacy Image
Dec 29, 2025 7 tweets 2 min read
The #Righteous amongst us

Dr. Ella Lingens
Righteous Among the Nations, prisoner in Auschwitz
🧵 1/n
“If I had turned my back and in doing so allowed the death of this person whom I could possibly save, I would have made the same mistake as the entire German people” Image 2/n Vienna, Austria, 1938. Dr. Ella Lingens and her husband, Dr. Kurt Lingens, were anti-fascist activists. Shortly after the Germans annexed Austria in March 1938, Ella began to help her fellow colleagues from medical school. During the Kristallnacht pogram in November 1938,
Dec 24, 2025 10 tweets 3 min read
The Mandil family escaped deportation thanks to a Christmas photo
1/n
Gavra Mandil was born in 1936 in Belgrade, then in Yugoslavia. His father Moshe and his maternal grandfather both worked as professional photographers. Image 2/n In order not to create competition between them, Gavra's parents decide to move to Novi Sad, giving everyone the opportunity to flourish in their profession. In 1938, Gavra's sister, Irena-Rina (Beba) was born. The family found its feet in its adopted city.
Dec 21, 2025 8 tweets 3 min read
Bogdanovka - The Holocaust’s forgotten massacre
1/n
December 21, 1941: The Holocaust’s biggest mass shooting claimed 54,000 lives near a village in modern Ukraine — yet few have heard of it today. Image 2/n In December 1941, at a place called Bogdanovka in modern Ukraine, the largest shooting massacre of the Holocaust took place. Remarkably, it is an event barely known about in the English-speaking world. Bogdanovka, which today lies in Ukraine close to the River Bug, Image
Dec 18, 2025 7 tweets 2 min read
The #Righteous amongst us
Johanna Eck
"My Duty and Responsibility"
1/n
Johanna Eck was a German war widow who, during World War II, sheltered four victims of Nazi persecution, including two Jews.
Johanna Eck’s husband was killed during World War I. One of his friends during the Image 2/n war was a German Jew named Jakob Guttman. When the Nazis began deporting and murdering Germany’s Jews, Jakob and his family were killed. One of his sons, Heinz, was able to escape and left on the streets. None of his Gentile acquaintances would risk their lives to shelter him
Dec 2, 2025 10 tweets 3 min read
NOVOGRUDOK September 26, 1943
The most successful tunnel escape
1/n
This is an extraordinary true yet little known Holocaust story of bravery and defiance. All in all 232 Jews got out, almost the entire population of the ghetto. 125 who went through the tunnel survived the escape Image 2/n The escape of the last remaining prisoners of the Novogrudok Ghetto in Belarus after 2 years of Nazi occupation took place on September 26, 1943. It was organized from the barracks of the closed-type ghetto through a 200-metre-long tunnel which the prisoners dug themselves. Image
Nov 30, 2025 4 tweets 2 min read
30 November 1941: The Rumbula forest massacre
1/n
German forces occupied Riga in early July 1941 after the invasion of the Soviet Union. In August, the Germans ordered the establishment of a ghetto in the city; this ghetto was sealed in October 1941, imprisoning some 30,000 Jews. Image 2/n In late November & early December 1941, the Germans announced they intended to settle the majority of ghetto inhabitants "further east." On November 30 & December 8-9, at least 25,000 Jews from the Riga ghetto were shot by German SS & police units & their Latvian auxiliaries
Nov 29, 2025 9 tweets 3 min read
Unbroken - The story of the Weber family
🧵 1/n
Born and raised in Berlin, the seven Weber siblings miraculously survived the Holocaust and immigrated to the United States, the largest group of Jewish siblings known to remain unseparated. Weber siblings’ i.d. cards from Germany, 1946. Top row from left: Alfons, Senta, Ruth. Middle row from left: Gertrude, Renee, Judith.  Ottom: Bela 2/n Alexander was a German traveling salesman who met Lina Banda in Hungary and fell in love with her. Alexander was Catholic, however, and Lina’s father was an Orthodox rabbi. So Alexander converted and the two married.
Sep 7, 2025 6 tweets 2 min read
Love, It Was Not
(Liebe war es nie)
Documentary (2020)

The tragic love story of Helena Citron, a young Jewish prisoner in Auschwitz, and Austrian SS officer Franz Wunsch.

1/n
In March 1942, Helena Citrónová was among the first thousand Jewish women who were transported Image
Image
2/n from Czechoslovakia to Auschwitz. The dogs are barking and the guards are laughing as the beautiful Helena is undressed and shaved. The humiliations of the concentration camp only get worse as the weeks go by, until the SS officer Franz Wunsch hears her sing Image
Aug 22, 2025 9 tweets 4 min read
July 1945
Mother finds son through a magazine photo
1/n
He missed her so much at the camp. Back in Holland she was not there either. Now Sieg Maandag can embrace mother Keetje again, along with his sister Henneke. How they found each other again has everything to do with a photo. Image 2/n It's a photo that shocked many Americans. A little boy walking past corpses in Bergen-Belsen, his gaze averted. That boy was 7-year-old Sieg Maandag from Amsterdam.
The photo was taken shortly after the liberation of the camp. George Rodger made a photo report of the Image
Aug 22, 2025 4 tweets 2 min read
🧵 1/n Robert Wagemans
was born in 1937 in Mannheim, Germany. His mother, Lotte, was arrested and briefly imprisoned for her activities as a Jehovah’s Witness. She gave birth shortly after her release. Due to the stress of imprisonment and insufficient medical care, Image 2/n Robert’s hip was injured during delivery, resulting in a permanent disability.
Robert was classified as disabled under the T4 Program. In 1943, Lotte was ordered to bring five-year old Robert for a medical examination to confirm his condition. Image
Aug 22, 2025 9 tweets 3 min read
Theresienstadt - the Bialystok children
1/n
On August 21, 1943, at the time of the annihilation of the Bialystok ghetto and the uprising there, the Gestapo demanded that 1,200 children ages 6-12 be gathered in order to transfer them, so they said, in an exchange deal to Palestine Image 2/n The transport of 1,200 children and 20 adults, traveled for 3 days by train and arrived on the 24 or 25 August at Theresienstadt.
At Theresienstadt the children were placed in a special camp Crete, which had been built outside the citadel. Image
Image
Aug 19, 2025 7 tweets 2 min read
The #Righteous during World War Two
🧵 1/n
Rome: The Doctors At Fatebenefratelli Hospital Who Invented “Syndrome K”

In October 1943, a terrifying new disease suddenly appeared in Nazi-occupied Rome. Italian doctors claimed that the so-called “Syndrome K” was highly Image 2/n contagious and dangerous. But, in fact, it was all a ruse. A trio of doctors — Vittorio Sacerdoti, Giovanni Borromeo, and Adriano Ossicini — invented the disease to save Jews in Italy. When Jews came to Fatebenefratelli Hospital seeking a safe haven from the Nazis,